passive changes

8/13/2019 Passive Changes

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ANTONIO GARICA 17th, January,2013

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART

SIMPLE PRESENT and SIMPLE PASTThe active object becomes the passive subject.

am/is/are + past participlewas/were + past participle

Active: Simple PresentThe movie fascinates me.The movie bores Jack.The movie surprises them.

Passive: Simple PresentI am fascinated by the movie.Jack is bored by the movie.They are surprised by the movie.

Active: Simple Past

The movie bored me.The movie fascinated Jack.The movie surprised them.

Passive: Simple Past

I was bored by the movie.Jack was fascinated by the movie.They were surprisedby the movie.

PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVEPassive form:

am/is/are + bein + past participlewas/were + bein + past participle

Active: Present C!ntin"!"sI am helpin !hannon.

June is helpin !u and "in.

Passive: Present #ontinuous!hannon is bein helped by me.

!u and "in are bein helped byJune.

Active: Past C!ntin"!"sI was cleanin the bathroom.They were cleanin the bedroom.!usan was cleanin the kitchen andpatio.

Passive: Past C!ntin"!"sThe bathroom was bein cleaned byme.The bedroom was bein cleaned bythem.The kitchen and patio were beincleaned by !usan.

PRESENT PER#ECT$ PAST PER#ECT and #UTURE PER#ECTPassive form:have/has been + past participle

had been + past participle

Active: Present Per%ectI have mailed the ift.Jack has mailed the ifts.

Passive: Present Per%ectThe ift has been mailed by me.The ifts have been mailed by Jack.

Active: Past Per%ect!teven !pielber had directed themovie.Penny $arshall had directed those

movies.

Passive: Past Per%ectThe movie had been directed by!teven !pielber.The movies had been directed by

Penny $arshall.


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Active: #"t"re Per%ectJohn will have finished the projectne%t month.They will have finished the projectsbefore then.

Passive: #"t"re Per%ectThe project will have been finishedby ne%t month.The projects will have been finishedbefore then.

#UTURE TENSESPassive forms: will + be + past participle

is/are oin to be + past participle

Active: #"t"re &it' ILLI will mail the ift.Jack will mail the ifts.

Passive: #"t"re &it' ILLThe ift will be mailed by me.The ifts will be mailed by Jack.

Active: #"t"re &it' GOING TOI am oin to make the cake.!ue is oin to make two cakes.

Passive: #"t"re &it' GOING TOThe cake is oin to be made byme.Two cakes are oin to be made by!ue.

PRESENT ) #UTURE MO*ALSThe passive form follows this pattern:

modal + be + past participle

Active: ILL ) ON+T (ILL NOT

!haron will invite Tom to the party.

!haron won&t invite Jeff to the party.

'!haron will not invite Jeff to theparty.(

Passive: ILL ) ON+T (ILLNOTTom will be invited to the party by!haron.Jeff won&t be invited to the party by!haron.'Jeff will not be invited to the partyby !haron.(

Active: CAN ) CAN+T (CAN NOT$ai can foretell the future.Terry can&t foretell the future.'Terry can not foretell the future.(

Passive: CAN ) CAN+T (CAN NOTThe future can be foretold by $ai.The future can&t be foretold by Terry.

'The future can not be foretold byTerry.(

Active: MA, ) MA, NOT)er company may ive *atya a newoffice.The lay students may not do thehomework.MIG-T ) MIG-T NOT)er company miht ive *atya anew office.The lay students miht not do thehomework.

Passive: MA, ) MA, NOT*atya may be iven a new office byher company.The homework may not be done bythe lay students.MIG-T ) MIG-T NOT*atya miht be iven a new officeby her company.The homework miht not be doneby the lay students.

Active: S-OUL* ) S-OUL*N+T!tudents should memorie ,nlishverbs.

Passive: S-OUL* ) S-OUL*N+T,nlish verbs should be memoriedby students.


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#hildren shouldn&t smoke ciarettes.#iarettes shouldn&t be smoked bychildren.

Active: OUG-T TO!tudents ouht to learn ,nlish

verbs.'neative ought tois rarely used(

Passive: OUG-T TO,nlish verbs ouht to be

memoried by students.

Active: -A* .ETTER ) -A*.ETTER NOT!tudents had better practice ,nlishevery day.#hildren had better not drinkwhiskey.

Passive: -A* .ETTER ) -A*.ETTER NOT,nlish had better be practicedevery day by students.-hiskey had better not be drunk bychildren.

Active: MUST ) MUST NOTTourists must apply for a passport

to travel abroad.#ustomers must not use that door.

Passive: MUST ) MUST NOT passport to travel abroad must beapplied for.

That door must not be used bycustomers.

Active: -AS TO ) -AVE TO!he has to practice ,nlish everyday.!ara and $iho have to wash thedishes every day.*OESN+T -AVE TO) *ON+T -AVETO$aria doesn&t have to clean herbedroom every day.

The children don&t have to cleantheir bedrooms every day.

Passive: -AS TO ) -AVE TO,nlish has to be practiced everyday.The dishes have to be washed bythem every day.*OESN+T -AVE TO) *ON+T -AVETO)er bedroom doesn&t have to becleaned every day.

Their bedrooms don&t have to becleaned every day.

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