past experiences and next year plan of dairy synchronization in tigray
TRANSCRIPT
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The Tigray Regional Governmental State Bureau of Agriculture
Tigray Agricultural Research Institute (TARI)
Past Experiences and Next Year Plan of Dairy Synchronization in Tigray
Awet EstifanosAugust 24-25, 2011ILRI, Addis Ababa
Introduction Con’d •Milk is needed all over the world as a food and as a source of income.
•The demand for milk and milk products is increasing from time to time in Ethiopia and world in general.
• This high demand for milk is expected to continue for the future also as a result of increasing in human population and food diversification as milk is rich in different nutrients.
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Introduction Con’dAlthough it shows some progress still the
sector is lagged behind compared to its potential that can contribute to the country economy.
The main constraints of the sector are:low production potential animal breeds,diseaseinfrastructure problem, and inefficient available feed
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Introduction Con’d Tigray regional states, efforts have been doing for
a years to improve productivity of the sector using AI technique. but its development was limited by:poor heat detection unskilled AI technicians, and some logistic problems
It is still possible to improve the reproductive performance of dairy herd using efficient heat detection,
So searching other technology that could solve the problem is mandatory
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Introduction Con’dReports indicated that Synchronization and timed AI in to the reproductive managements program increases estrus detection and enhance dairy development
Therefore,
The Objective was: to study and improve efficiency of the technique using some
hormonal administration to the right animal at the right time.
Match feed available season with cattle breeding so as Decrease
calf mortality
Timed milk production
Match the milk produced with time of high consumption
(Escape fasting)
Project Inception
The project is funded by federal government Rural Capacity Building Project (RCBP) under the Regional Agricultural Research Fund (RARF)
The project won the 250000birr from the regional competition on top of this the synchronizing hormone pg2α was also supplied from ILRI/IPMS for 200 cows and another more than 250 to be supplied soon with and some doses of sexed semen for the scaling up.
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Target Areas The first phase of the project implemented in weredas of:
Gantafshum in kebeles/Tabias: o Buket, o Dibla, o Sasun and o mesanu and
Klteablalo in kebeles/Tabiaso Genfel, o A/sandeded, o Metseko, ando Maymesan
Second Phaseof- Woredas o Tahtay Maichewo Laelay Maichewo Adwa o Some additional from the 1st phase areas
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Steps 1. Observation and discussion Tour to the woredas and discussion with woreda administration, WoARD and some farmers
2. Animal Selection and Ear tagging Physiologically and body conformation fit animals selected and tagged
3. Hormone administration and insemination pgf2α injection, inspection of heat and insemination
4. Pregnancy Diagnosis Successfully conceived animal were diagnosed for
pregnancy at the end of the first trimester
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Selection Criteria The Kebeles were selected based on:
o dairy belt area of the region or vicinity to urban and per urban for milk market (Mekelle – Wukro- Adigrat)
Market opportunity in present and near feature
o Access to the main road o Cattle populationo Animal Body condition o Season, puberty, age, lactation, gestation
In Tigray effective synchronization is possible to carry out, starting in the end of July up to end of January considering this the first phase of this project were implement mid November up to mid of January
Increased farmers interest shifted this scenario
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Selection criteria Con’d◦Own matured cow ◦Ready to adopt
technology◦ Can transfer the
technology to others
◦ Committed and energetically can work with the team especially in detecting when the animal is becoming in heat.
Participant farmers with the team
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The Animals Breed:• Local• Crossed• HF
Animal body condition range 4-7
from all age group and parity. • too old and highest
parity are rejected Must not have a history of
birth difficulty Having a good body
conformation
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The Animals Con’d
Should be cyclic and having a CL
Age was determined and estimation information from the owner and using erupted permanent pair of incisors.
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The principle
Synchronization protocol Successful synchronization requires
control • luteal • follicular phases of the estrous
cycle. Estrous synchronization protocols is
grouped 1) prostaglandin F2α (PG) based,
2) gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) based,
3) progestin based, and
4) combination.
The principle –Con’d
A single dose of 5ml PGF2∞ intramuscular in the hipbone muscle using 10ml syringe and 10g needle
PGF2∞is given in the proestrus stage (estrus 6-30h, metaestrus 3-5d, diestrus 12d, proestrus)
PGF2∞ shorten estrus cycle by 12 days.
Therefore, PG will only work to regress the CL from days 5 to 17 of the estrous cycle
PGF2∞ regress the CL and cause the animal to exhibit standing estrus 48 to 120 hours after injection
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Synchronized and inseminated animals
• A total of 198 heifers were synchronized using PGF2∞ on December to January
• Most of the animals that took two dose of semen were inseminated 48hr after the hormone
• First insemination was 48hr after treatment
• second insemination was 12–24hr after first Insemination
Summary of Results
Woreda Tabia+ve -ve
Count % Count %
G/Afeshum
Buket 18 64.3 10 35.7
Dibla 7 6.63 4 36.36
M.mesanu 16 55.2 13 44.83
Sasun 2 66.67 1 33.33
Subtotal 43 60.56 28 39.44
K/ablaloA/sanded 12 60.00 8 40.00
Genfel 10 83.33 2 16.67
Mesanu 18 69.23 8 30.77
Metseko 5 31.25 11 68.75
Subtotal 45 60.81 29 39.19
Overall 88 60.70 57 39.31
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Current Endeavors
Selected Hormon Adminstrated
Abortion due to pgf2α
Absent for insemination
Insemenated
Preganancy Diagnosed
Aborted
Death
Absent at PD
200 199 6 15 178 145 4 1 (+) 28
ILRI IPMS pre.docx
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Opportunities
Strong technical and new technological back stopping from ILRI/IPMS Training to Technicians, Hormone and
sexed semen Committed and dedicated team
Efficient IA technicians (fromTARI, Wukro and Adigrat)
Interested Farmers/ Woreda Administrators to adopt the technolgy Adikisanded (KiliteAwlaelo) and Ganta Afeshum
• Smooth communication b/n TARI, BoARD and ILRI
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Opportunities cont’ed
Most cows showed pick heat at the 48th – 72nd hour after hormonal administration
o the time was fixed from experience of first work at Adigrat
Mucus Discharge
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Limitation Initially difficulty to adopt and
lack of patience of farmers • Makes it laborous • Mainly on selecting participant
farmer and heifers fitted to our selecting criteria was laborious.
Luck of follow up and heat detection by some
Poor body condition animals Luck of Integration b/n the
regional team and technical team at the beginning
Poor communication and late reporting from the technical team
Technical
Team
Regional Team
Limitation-cont’d Few farmers did not know
the reproductive history of their cows 6 pregnant cows abort
due to the hormone treatment.
Out of the total synchronized animals 15 were off after hormonal injection
One heifer was immature and two heifers with a reproductive problem
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Limitation-cont’ed Weak or absence of handling facility
in some areas ◦ E.g. Metseko, Gemad of Kilite
Awelaelo◦ Live Eucalyptus trees were used• Slow or total failure to purchase
equipments Ear tag applicator • Delay b/n selection and
synchronization Farmers are inpatient to keep their animals longer than 20 days after selection
60 animals were selected for sexed semen
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Current Endeavors
Pregnancy has already
diagnosed for the
demonstrated cows and
heifers in the Eastern Zone
of Tigray
So far 228 heifers and cows
selected as scaling up of the
technology from
T/maichew, Aksum ,
Adwa, and additional cows
from Wukro and Adigrat
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Current Endeavors-Cont’ed
Cross centers collaboration
Women participation in Tahtay Maichew
With a relatively good handling facility
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Logical framework matrix Narrative summary Verifiable indicators Means of verification Important assumptions
Goal: Enhancing Livelihoods of Smallholder dairy producers income
The livelihoods of beneficiaries increased the end of the project.
BoARD and TARI baseline data
Good weather conditions and budget availability on time
Purpose:To enhance incomes of small holder farmers
The income level of small holder farmers increased
Progress reports, annual reports, journals and proceedings
Effective farmer- Extension –research/local and international/ –linkage- Requested facilities are available on time
Outputs:
To boost and milk products market (price, supply and demand)
To create effective small holder motivate of dairy as business
Milk and processed milk products sustainable supply
The motivation of members concern on dairy business increased
Progress reports, annual reports, proceedings
- Requested facilities are available on time
Activities:- Use of sexed semen and synchronization
hormone - Feed management - Improved Disease control and husbandry
system- Improved market system
Inputs: - community cows or heifers-Synchronizing hormone- sex fixer- Forage seed - Fertilizer- Requested budget- Vehicles- Researchers and Extension agents
Monitoring- Timely animal
selection, Hormonal Adminst and Insemination
- Timely data collection, compilation, and report writing
Activity to outputRequested facilities, hormone and semen are available on time
Next Plan-2004 InterventionSr. No
Area of Intervention
Local Cows
Lactating cows
cross breeds
No of selected cows
Sexing
1 H/Wajirat 64078 10429 337 75 02 Enderta 48868 7397 1113 100 253 Mekelle 2148 352 12607 300 504 Degua Tenbien 44794 7300 460 75 255 Adigrat 30048 5032 5890 300 100
6 Wukro/Kilteawlaelo 43073 7083 1603 200 70
7 Atsibi Wenberta 28857 4634 1432 100 0
8 Saesea Tsaedaemba 37921 6088 1688 100 0
9 Adwa 43895 7339 664 150 80
10 Aksum 29251 4930 1766 150 100
11 Enda Mokoni 29789 4790 487 100 012 Ofla 53057 8510 826 100 013 E/Alaje 40620 6574 288 100 014 Ahforom 65591 15575 368 75 015 T/Maichew 41024 6792 307 75 50
Total 777828 134510 31118 2000 500
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Work Plan
Activities 2011/2012 2012
1 quarter 2 quarter 3 quarter 4 quarter 5 quarter
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Inception workshop
purchasing
Training to experts
Animal Handling Facilities construction
Farmers training
Selection
Ear taggingbrucellosis and disease treatmentPD
Administration of synchronization hormone)
Insemination of sexed semen
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Work plan cont’edActivities 2011/2012 2012
1 quarter 2 quarter 3 quarter 4 quarter 5 quarter
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Parturition monitoring
Calf Sex proportion identification
Workshop
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Logistics
Expenditure 2011/2012 Total1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Personal
Perdium 45,000 45,000 20,000 20,000 20000 150,000
Services 00 00 00 00 00 00
Communication services
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 5000
Laboratory test – brucellosis and disease treatment, etc
00 20,000 00 00 00 20,000
Input
Stationary 5,000 5,000 0 0 0 10,000
Cows for training 50000 0 0 0 0 50000.00
Training cows mgt 10000 0 0 0 0 10000.00
Sexed Semen 300,000
00 00 00 00 300,000.00
PGf2 40000 00 00 00 00 40,000.00
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Logistics-Cont’ed
Expenditure 2011/2012 Total
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Miscellaneous Crush 18 crush across different areas
200,000 00 00 00 00 200,000.00
200 farmers 150,000 00 00 00 00 150,000.00
Inception workshop
50,000 00 00 00 00 50,000.00
Farmers field day 00 00 00 00 50,000 50,000.00
Transportair-ticket, etc 10,000 00 00 10,000 00 20,000
Fuel and lubricants 30,000 45,000 20,000 20,000 40000.00 155000
Total 981,000 116,000 41,000 51,000
111,000
1,300,000
Other up coming projects
Raya x Boran for improved Beef productivity o Use of synchronizing hormone with Boran Semen
o Lowland areas- for breedingo Highland areas for Beef cattle and
heifers rearingo the same replica of team from Research
and Extension will be established