patrizia rossi jefferson lab user meeting - june 4-6, 2012 1 total foreign users ~ 400 from 30...
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Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 1
Foreign National Contribution to JLab Science….an Incomplete Overview
Total Foreign Users ~ 400 from 30 Countries1
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 2
JLab science: the 6 GeV & the 12 GeV era Structure of the Hadrons
• New view of nucleon via the GPDs & TMDs• EM Form Factors• N* and transition Form Factors
Dynamics of the nucleons in the nuclei • The Quark Structure of Nuclei (resolving the EMC effect)• The Short-Range Behavior of the N-N Interaction and its QCD Basis• Cold nuclear matter
Electroweak Interaction• High Precision Tests of the Standard Model at low energies via PV-DIS• Measure nuclear properties using the weak interaction
Origin of quark and gluon confinement • Gluonic excitations - existence and properties of exotic mesons
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 3
Generalized Parton Distributions
form factorslocation of partons in nucleon
Transverse charge & current densities
parton distributionsQuark longitudinal momentum fraction x
& helicity distributions
GPD(x,x,t)
x+x x-x
p p’
t
longitudinal momentum fraction x at transverse location b T
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012
Accessing GPDs
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
Deeply Virtual Meson Production
Difficult to extract GPDs from the data
Quantum number of final state selects different GPDs: • VM ( , , ): r w f H E
• PS mesons ( , )p h : H E
• DVCS (g): H, E, H, E
~ ~
~ ~
(DVMP)(DVCS)
GPDs extraction possible ONLY through models/parameterizations
Physical observables involve convolution of GPDs - only x and t accessible exp.
GPDs are more complicated than PDFs - functions of 3 variables instead of 1
Exclusive reactions are smaller and harder to measure than inclusive ones
4
DVCS: different observables have different sensitivity to the 4 GPDs
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 5
The French Collaboration @ Jlab
CEA/Irfu and CNRS/IN2P3 have participated in the scientific activity at Jefferson Lab since 1991
The French Collaboration was initially contributing to the 6 GeV program in Hall A, Hall B and Hall C
Presently, the French Collaboration concentrates its activities in Hall A and Hall B with a significant role and participation in the current 6 GeV program and in the 12 GeV Upgrade.
Plays a Key role in the GPD program
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 6
From data ……C. Munoz et al., PRL 97, 262002 (2006) (Hall-A)M. Mazouz et al., PRL 99, (2007) 242501BSA: F.X Girod et al., PRL 100, 162002 (2008)TSA: S. Chen et al., PRL 97, 072002 (2006)
Hall A
Evidence of twist-2 dominance in the DVCS-BH interference description
Significant amount of data on BSA accumulated and consistent with GPDs based predictions
Hall B
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 7
……to GPDs
M. Guidal, PLB 689, 156 (2010) , H. Moutarde PRD 79, 094021 (2009)
• DVCS: 4 indipendent GPDs each depending on 3 variable• DVCS amplitudes decomposed into R and I parts 8 GPDs related quantities (CFFs)• G-fitter: model-indipendent fitting procedure to extract the 8 CFFs using VGG
Fitter codes developed in France
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012
Hall A
Hall A/B DVCS – 6 GeV
Spectro e’
LiquidH2, D2
e
calorimeter
cryostat
HALL
A
HALL
B
8
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 9
n DVCS @ 12 GeVneeded for flavour separation gives access to GPD E through ALU
Quark angular momentum (Ji’s sum rule)
k
k’
q’
GPDsn n’
DVCS on the neutron – 11 GeV
Ds L
U/s
f= 60°xB = 0.17Q2 = 2 GeV2
t = -0.4 GeV2
Ju=.3, Jd=.1Ju=.1, Jd=.1Ju=.5, Jd=.1Ju=.3, Jd=.3Ju=.3, Jd=-.1
VGG Model(calculations by M. Guidal)
E12-11-003S. Niccolai et al.
Central Neutron Detector (CND)
CLAS12
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 10
The Italian Collaboration @ JLabINFN is participating to the scientific activity at Jefferson Lab since 1991
Presently, it includes 80 scientists among experimentalists (~50) and theorists (~30) from 16 INFN Units and National Lab., participating to the 12 GeV Upgrade in Hall A and Hall B
The collaboration was initially formed by ~25 scientists and has been contributing to the 6 GeV program in Hall A and Hall B
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 11
Scientific Activity at 6 GeV & 12 GeV
Hadron Spectroscopy:• Study of the Nucleon Excitation Spectrum and Search for Missing Resonances• Study of the Meson Spectrum• Search for Exotics
The Structure of the Nucleon:• Nucleon Form Factors• Nucleon Structure Functions from Inclusive and Semi-Inclusive Processes• Study of the Spin Structure of the Nucleon
The Study of the Transition between Hadronic and Partonic Degrees of Freedom:• Vector Meson Production at Large Momentum Transfer• Deuteron Photodisintegration
The Nuclear Structure:• The Neutron Skin of 208Pb• Hypernuclear Spectroscopy• Study of N-N Correlations
The scientific activity of the Italian Groups is subdivided into 4 main fields that belong to the science mainstreams of the Jefferson Lab physics program
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 12
Experimental Equipment for Hall A & Hall B – 6 GeVCerenkov Counter for low-Q2
Polarized Target for electron beam
Large Angle Calorimeter for detect. of neutrals
septum magnets
RICH Detector
Gas Cherenkov
Total Investment: ~ 9M$
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 13
Measurements of Nucleon FF at high Q2
E-12-07-109
Test different models (including #
contributions from the quark OAM) Investigate the transition region
(perturbative / non perturbative)
(E-12-07-109, E-12-09-016, E-12-09-019)
High Luminosity (~1039)
Forward angle (down to 7 degree)
Equipment flexibility
High Luminosity (~1039)
Forward angle (down to 7 degree)
Equipment flexibility
SBS
Italian responsibility on the primary tracker:
Large area GEM chambers for tracking with resolution ~70 mm + small silicon planes
Development of the electronics for more than 100000 channels
Italian responsibility on the primary tracker:
Large area GEM chambers for tracking with resolution ~70 mm + small silicon planes
Development of the electronics for more than 100000 channels
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 14
Transverse Momentum Distributions
transversity pretzelosity
U
L
T
U L T
f1
g1L
g1T
h1
T
h1L
T
f1T
T
h1 h1T
T
,
helicity
worm-gear
nu
cle
on
po
lari
zati
on
quark polarization
Boer-Mulders
worm-gear
Sivers
• DIS → DS 0.25
• RHIC + DIS → DG« 1
• → Lq
The Incomplete Nucleon
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 15
The 12 GeV TMD program
Italian co-spokesperson in all 12 GeV TMDs proposals with Unp. Long. and Trans. Polarized Targets Target cell
In-beam cryostat
A U
T
HD- Ice target: INFN contribution
• dilution refrigerator• Raman analysis of HD gas• NMR for polarization
monitoring
e-
Aerogel
Mirrors
MA-PMTs
Proposed RICH det. for K identification with CLAS12
INFN (project coord.), Glasgow U., Chile, USA
PR12-11-111M. Contalbrigo et al.
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 16
Search for Exotics
Quarks Excited Flux Tube
Hybrid MesonS 0
L 0
J PC 0
J PC 1
1
J PC
1
1
, Klike
J PC 0 1 2
0 1 2
S 1
L 0
J PC 1
J PC 1
1
like ,
Exotic
Flux tube excitation (and parallel quark spins) lead to exotic JPC
16
Quantum Numbers of Hybrid Mesons
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 17
Search for Exotics in Hall B
Edinburgh U., Glasgow U., INFN (project coordination), JLab, NSU, Orsay, Saclay
E12-11-005:Meson Spectroscopy with low Q2 electron scattering in CLAS12 M. Battaglieri et al.
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 18
GlueX in Hall D: Canadian contribution
Completion of 48 Barrel Calorimeter (BCAL) • Characterization of large-array Hamamatsu SiPMs• Mini BCAL beam tests in Hall B • Cosmics with SiPMs on full-length module• Fine-grained geometry simulation of sampling fraction as look-up tables
for HDGEANT (sim & reconstruction)
Big Investment: ~ 8M$
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 19
N* Program: Russian Contribution
First extraction of transition form factors for P11(1440), D13(1520) states from the CLAS p(e,e’pp+p-) data using JLAB-Mosc. State University (JM) model.
I. G. Aznauryan et al., CLAS Collaboration,Phys. Rev. C 80, 055203 (2009). V.I.Mokeev eta al., CLAS Collaboration, arXiv:1205.3948 [nucl-ex].
p+p-p 2012
p+p-p 2010
Np2009
P11(1440)A1/2
Quark models:
I. Aznauryan LC
Relativistic covariant app. by G.Ramalho /F.Gross EBAC-DCC MB dressing
S. Capstick LC
The electrocouplings are consistent with P11(1440) structure as a combined contribution of: a) quark core as a first radial excitation of the nucleon as a 3-quark ground state, and b) meson-baryon dressing.
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 20
Armenia• More than 20 years of successfully collaboration in all three experimental Halls • Some of highlights ANSL groups’ contributions to the instrumentation are:
– Hall-A: 702 channel lead-glass calorimeter for RCS, neutron detector for GEN, pre-shower counters for HRS
– Hall-B: development of the electromagnetic calorimeters, development of experimental control systems (slow controls)
– Hall-C: lead-glass calorimeter for HMS and SOS, aerogel Cherenkov detector for HMS
Hall-B calorimeter readout system
Hall-A LG calorimeter
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 21
NN short range correlations in nuclei
K.S. Egiyan et alPRL 96, 082501 (2006)
• Two separate plateaus:1.5 < xB < 2
xB > 2.25 as predicted by models that include 2- and 3-nucleon SRC
• The per-nucleon probabilities of 3-nucleon SRC (relative to A=3) are 2.3, 3.2, and 4.6 times larger for A = 4, 12 and 56.
Cross section ratios of 4He, 12C, and 56Fe to 3He @ 1 < xB < 3
first measurement of 3-nucleon SRC probabilities in nuclei
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 22
The role of Japan in the Hypernuclear physics• Hypernuclei are bound states of nucleons with a strange baryon (L hyperon)• L-N vs N-N force will provide clues to the QCD description of the N-N interaction
• HKS spectrometer (QQD)• HES spectrometer (QQD)• Detectors and Electronics• Splitter Magnet
Total: ~ 5M$
HES HKS
SLITTER
HALL C•In a decade, a wide variety of hypernuclei, 7
ΛHe, 9ΛLi, 10
ΛBe, 12ΛBe,
16ΛN, 28
ΛAl and 52ΛV, have been
studied by the (e,e’K+) reaction.
•High energy resolution and precision measurements make these experiments unique and crucial tools for this field.
• High accuracy determination of the Λ binding energy for different hypernuclei has been achieved
•The Japanese group remain enthusiastic and are trying to develop a coherent plan to present to the PAC
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 23
Chinese Collaboration on the Solid ProjectGEM detectors• Five groups actively work on R&D,
prototyping and plan to take full responsibility for the whole package
• Already 2 (chinese) grants for R&D and prototyping
• Plan to seek major funding next year from NSFC/MOST, support from CAS
MRPC detector• Tsinghua U. • Experience from building MRPC for STAR at RHIC.
The Chinese collaboration will probably double in the next few years: 11 groups (institutions) are joining each having on average 3-5 active members
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 24
Chinese Collaboration on the Solid Project
SOLID: e3He →e+/-X
6 GeV data
• 3 approved high-impact (A rated) experiments + 1 conditionally approved (Two Chinese physicist co-spokespersons )
2 (+1) Semi-inclusive DIS: transverse spin/transverse momentum distributions1 Parity-violating DIS: low-energy test of the Standard Model
• Several theory groups active on the topics
AUT
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 25
Conclusions & Outlook
Jefferson Lab as a unique world-leading facility for nuclear physics research has attracted since the beginning an international community which has played a major role in the scientific program
The 12 GeV upgrade has reinforced the interest of the international community due to:
- New vistas in QCD- Growing program Beyond the Standard Model- Capability to be on schedule
The Countries of France, Italy, UK have being funded since several years by the European Community (EU) to develop R&D and analysis network for the physics at JLab
Patrizia Rossi Jefferson Lab User Meeting - June 4-6, 2012 26
Conclusions & OutlookThe impact of JLab science in the international panorama can be improved:
Establishing collaborations with other facilities having similar/complementary physics programPanda @ FAIR (in progress)
LNF/ INFN……..
LNF: Search for new forces mediated by vector boson A’
Organizing workshop/conferences with HEP communityTests of the standard model at Jlab complementary to the information obtained at LHC
TMD results foundamental for RICH/LHC physics Organizing Jlab Collaborations Meetings outside USANational Funding Agencies are usually invited to attendFor the last 5 years this has been done regularly by the Hall B Collaboration (every 2 years) but never by Hall A, Hall C and only once by Hall D