Paweł Pietrasieński, PhDKatarzyna Bitka, MA

Research question and methodology

Bridge Organizations – definition and typology

Implication of leading internationalizationtheories on functioning of BO

The 4C model

Application of the „4Cs” to the Bridge Organizations

Findings and conclusions

Research and interviews – July/August 2014

March 2015 – report for the Ministry of Economy

What are the determinants for mode of functioning of Bridge Organizations in SiliconValley, defined via the 4C model -Collaboration, Co-production, Coopetition, Coordination?

Application

of the 4C

model

Desk

research

Interviews

Literature

review

Governmental or quasi-governmental organizations supporting the development of innovative firms (from Europe) in Silicon Valley

+R&D cooperation

+Promotion of the country

Uppsala model Network theory Born global

Implications for BO activity:◦ Uppsala model Incremental growth of BO’s

resources and presence in Silicon Valley

◦ Network theory Firms’ can benefit from access to foreign network of the BO

◦ Born global Firms can jumpstart their global presence via cooperation with the BO

Col

labor

atio

n as t

he jo

int a

ctiv

ities

of “br

idge

org

aniz

atio

ns”

and

high

er edu

catio

n in

stitu

tions

Coopetition betw

een companies through

participation in the Cham

bers of Com

merce

support programs in Silicon V

alley

Co-production as the cooperation

of “bridge organizations” and

local business support institutions

on offering “soft-landing” services

and acceleration programs

Coo

rdin

atio

n of „

brid

ge o

rgan

izat

ions

”

activ

ities

by

gove

rnm

enta

l ins

titut

ions

/age

ncie

s

in th

eir r

espe

ctiv

e co

untri

es

4 “Cs” governance

model for

„bridge organizations”

in San Francisco

Bay Area

„Joint activities of BO and higher educationinstitutions”

BOs working with academic institutions and RPOs, at home and in Silicon Valley

„Cooperation of BOs and local business support institutions on offering „soft landing” services and acceleration programs”

BOs working with local contractors to offerservices to entrepreneurs

„Coopetition between companies throughparticipation in acceleration programs offeredby other national or regional agents”

BOs bringing together the firms to cooperateand compete

„Coordination of BO’s activities by governmental institutions/agencies in theirrespective countries”

BO is tightly connected to the homeinstitution

Bridge

Organization

Coordination Authority Legal form 4C model

categorization

Ministry/Agency

of Economy

Ministry/Agency of

Science/Innovation

MFA/joint

venture

Annex of the

Consulate/part of

the Embassy

Company Private Public

Partnership/Misc.

Foreign Gov.

Office - MFGO

Collaboration

vs. co-production

Coopetition

vs. coordination

German

Accelerator

Collaboration

Coopetition

Czech

Accelerator

Co-production

Coopetition

Spain Tech

Center

Co-production

Coopetition

Holland in the

Valley

Collaboration

Coordination

Innovation

Norway

Collaboration

Coordination

Swissnex Collaboration

Coordination

Finpro Coopetition

Tekes Collaboration

Coordination

Denmark

Innovation

Center (ICDK)

Collaboration

Coordination

POLSKA

SVAC

Co-production

Coordination

French Tech Hub Co-production

Coopetition

Mode of functioning defined primarily by:◦ the amount of resources involved by the

government

◦ the mission of the organization

◦ the stage within the longer-term development

Coproduction – a characteristic of young BOs

Collaboration and Coordination – often linkedto the origin of the BO as a diplomatic post

Coordination applies also on the regionalstage (Nordic and V4 cooperation) and isbecoming a trend

katarzyna.bitka@coleurope.eu