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P.D.A. College of Engineering, Gulbarga B.E VII BRANCH: Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Code No

Course Hours/Week Maximum Marks Lecture Tutorial Practical Cred its CIE* SEE* Total

SEMESTER VII

THEORY

11EE71 High Voltage Engineering 4 --- --- 4 50 50 100

11EE72 Electrical Machine Design 3 2 --- 4 50 50 100

11EE73 Computer Applications to Power System

3 2 --- 4 50 50 100

11EE74x Elective-I (Group D) 3 --- --- 3 50 50 100

11EE75x Elective- II (Group E) 3 --- --- 3 50 50 100

11EE76x Elective -III (Group F) 3 --- --- 3 50 50 100

PRACTICAL

11EE77 Relay & High voltage Engineering Lab

--- --- 2 1 50 50 100

11EE78 Power System Simulation

Lab

--- --- 2 1 50 50 100

11EE79 Project Phase – I --- --- 2 2 50 50 100

Total 19 4 6 25 450 450 900

*CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation. * SEE – Semester End Examination

* Phase-I – Topic Selection, Literature Survey, Problem formulation & Seminar

ELECTIVES GROUP D ELECTIVES GROUP E

11EE741 HVDC 11EE751 Reactive Power Management

11EE742 Energy Auditing 11EE752 Programmable Logical Controller (PLC)

11EE743 Discrete Time Control System 11EE753 Electrical Drives &Applications

11EE744 Power System Dynamics & Stability

11EE754 Power System Planning

ELECTIVES GROUP F

11EE761 Advanced Insulation Engg

11EE762 Introduction to Restructured

Power System

11EE763 MEMS

11EE764 Energy Management and Conservation

P.D.A. College of Engineering, Gulbarga B.E VIII BRANCH: Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Code No

Course Hours/Week Maximum Marks Lecture Tutorial Practical Cred its CIE* SEE* Total

SEMESTER VIII

THEORY

11HU81 Entrepreneurship &

Managerial Accountings

3 --- --- 3 50 50 100

11EE82x Elective-I (Group G) 3 --- --- 3 50 50 100

PRACTICAL

11EE83 Seminar/ Industrial visit --- --- --- 01 50 --- 50

11EE84 Project Phase – II --- --- 3 18 50 50 100

Total 06 2 3 25 200 150 350

*CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation.

* SEE– Semester End Examination

ELECTIVES GROUP G

11EE821 Robotics

11EE822 Electrical Power Quality

11EE823 FACTS

11EE824 Power System Operation &

Control

* Project fabrication / Software development work Phase – II

High Voltage Engineering

Subject Code:11EE71 Credits:4

CIE:50 SEE:50 Marks SEE: 03Hrs,

Hours/Week:4hrs.(Theory) TotalHours:42

PART-A

1. Breakdown phenomena: Gaseous dielectrics:

Ionization, primary and secondary ionization process, criterion for gaseous insulation breakdown based on Townsend’s theory, limitations of Townsend’s

theory, steamer theory, breakdown in non-uniform fields, corona Discharges, breakdown in electro negative gases, Paschen’s law and its significance. Time lags in breakdown.

Solid Dielectrics: Intrinsic breakdown, Avalanche breakdown, thermal

breakdown and Electro mechanical breakdown.

Liquid Dielectrics : Suspended particle theory, electronic breakdown, cavitations and bubble mechanism, thermal mechanism, stressed oil volume

theory 08 hrs

2. Generation of high voltages:

HVAC: Need for cascade connection, working of transformers connected, in cascade, Principle and advantages of series resonant circuits, Tesla coil, high frequency AC

voltages.

HVDC: Rectifier Circuits, voltage doubbler circuit, Cockcroft- Walton voltage multiplier, Electrostatic generator.

IMPULSE VOLTAGE: Introduction to lightning and switching impulse voltage, concept of standard impulse generator (Marx circuit), modified Marx circuit, rating of

impulse generator, components of multistage impulse generator, triggering of impulse generator by three electrode gap arrangement, trigatron gap, generation of switching

impulse voltages, generation of impulse current. 13 hrs

PART B

3. Measurement of High Voltages:

HVDC: Series resistance micro Ammeter method, Resistance potential divider

method, generating voltmeter method.

HVAC: Series capacitance method, Electrostatic voltmeter method, peak Reading AC voltmeters, Chubb and Fortescue method.

IMPULSE VOLTAGE: Potential dividers method, Factors affecting the spark-

over voltage.

SURGE CURRENT MEASUREMENT: Klydonograph, Magnetic links. 08 hrs

4. Non – Destructive Insulation Testing Techniques:

Dielectric loss and loss measurement using Schering Bridge, Transformer Ratio Arm

Bridge, need for discharge detection and PD measurement, Factors affecting discharge detection. Discharge detection methods (Straight and balance). 07 hrs

5. Over Voltage Phenomenon:

Concept of Lightning, mechanism of lightning stroke, travelling wave, behavior of rectangular travelling wave (Unit step function) at transition points, switching over

voltages 06 hrs

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. E.Kuffel and W.S.Zaengl, “High Voltage Engineering Fundamentals” ,2nd Edition, Elsevier Press-2005.

2. M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering 4th Edition, TMH,2008.

3. C.L.Wadhwa, “High Voltage Engineering”, New Age International private

Ltd.1995.

4. Rakosh Das Begadmudre, “ Extra High Voltage AC transmission Engineering”, Wiley Eastern limited, 1987.

5. MazonAbdul- Salam, Hussein Anis, Ahbasd EI-Morshedy, Roshdy Radwan,

“High voltage Engg. Theory & Practice”, 2nd Edition Special Indian Edition by BSP books Pvt.Ltd.

ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN



Hours/Week:3hrs.(Theory) Total Hours:42

PART-A

1. Principles of Electrical Machine Design:

Introduction, considerations for the design of electrical machines, limitations. 01 hrs

2. Design of DC Machines:

Output equation, choice of specific loadings and choice of number of poles, design of Main dimensions of the DC machines, design of armature slot dimensions, commutator

and brushes, magnetic circuit –estimation of ampere turns, design of yoke and poles: main and inter poles, field windings: shunt, series and inter poles.

10 hrs

3. Design of Transformers (Single phase and three phase)

Output equation for single phase and three phase transformer, choice of specific loadings, expression for volts/ turn, determination of main dimensions of the core, types of windings and estimation of number of turns and conductor cross sectional area of primary

and secondary windings, design of tank and cooling tubes (round and rectangular). 10 hrs

PART-B

4. Design of Induction Motors:

Output equation, choice of specific loadings, main dimensions of three phase induction motor, stator winding design, choice of length of the air gap, estimation of number of

slots for the squirrel cage rotor, design of rotor bars and endrings, design of slipring induction motor. 11 hrs

5. Design of Synchronous Machines:

Output equation, choice of specific loadings, short circuit ratio, design of main

dimensions, armature slots and windings, slot details for the stator of salient and non salient pole synchronous machines, magnetic circuit, dimension of the pole body, design

of the field winding, and design of rotor of non salient pole machine. 10 hrs

Reference Books:

1. A.K.Sawhney, Dhanpat RAi & Sons, “A course in Electrical Machine Design”.

Edition 1998

2. V.N.Mittle, “Design of Electrical Machine”. 4th edition.

3. M.G. Say, “Performance And Design of AC machines”, CBS publishers and distributors Pvt. Ltd. Edition 1983.

4. A.Shanmugsundarm, G.Gangadharan, R.Palani, “Design Data Hand book”, Wiley

Eastern Ltd.

5. H.M.Rai (Dhanpat Rai) “Principles of Electrical Machines Design”, Satyaprakasham, 1992.

COMPUTER APPLICTION TO POWER SYSTEM




PART-A

1. Formation of Y-bus of a power system network by direct inspection method

Incidence Matrices :

Element node incidence matrix. Bus incidence matrix. Primitive network in impedance & admittance form, primitive [y] matrix. Formation of Y-bus by singular transformation

method. Algorithm for formation of bus impedance matrix [Z] on single phase basis. 10 hrs

2. Load Flow Studies:

Types of buses, operating constraints. Classification of system variables load flow

equations, solution of load flow equations by Gauss – seidel method, and Newton Raphson method. Acceleration of convergence LF solution by Fas t –decoupled method.

Comparison of LF methods, Representation of tap changing & phase shifting transformers. 11hrs

PART-B

3. Transient Stability Study:

Swing equation representation of synchronous machine for transient stability studies,

load representation network performance equation, solution techniques with flow charts. Transient stability solution by numerical solution of differential equations, modified

Euler’s method, Runge-kutta 4th order method. 8 hrs

4. Economic Operation of Power Systems:

Performance curves, Load sharing between the units within plants, Load sharing between plants including transmission losses. Penalty factor, Derivation of transmission loss

formula and loss coefficient. 06 hrs

5. Automatic generation & Voltage control:

Automatic load frequency control (ALFC) and Automatic voltage regulator (AVR), loop

diagrams Automatic load frequency control –fly ball governing system Generator model. Load model, turbine model. governor model Complete ALFC Block diagrams steady state and dynamic response of ALFC loops single area and two area block diagram

representation. 07 hrs

Reference Books:

1. Stag and EI-Abiad, “ Computer Methods in Power System Analysis”, McGraw

Hill International Edition 1968.

2. M.A. Pai “Computer Techniques in Power System”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition 2006.

3. Nagrath & Kothari, “Modem Power System Analysis”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd

Edition 2003.

4. Uma Rao, “Computer Techniques”, Tata McGraw Hill.

5. L.P. Singh, “Advanced Power System and ‘Dynamics”, New Age International Pvt.Ltd New Delhi 2001.

6. R.N. Dhar, “Computer Aided Power System Operations & Analysis”, TMH 1984.

7. Hadi Sadat, “Power System Analysis”, TMH, 2nd Edition, 12th Reprint 2007.

8. Elgerd, “Electric Energy Systems Theory”, TMH, 1983.

RELAY AND HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING LAB



Hours/Week:2hrs.( Practical)

1. Operating characteristics and calculation of error in operating time for over- current relay (Solid state or electromechanical type).

2. Operating characteristics of over –voltage or under-voltage relay (Solid state or

electromechanical type).

3. Operation of negative sequence relay.

4. Bias characteristics of differential relay.

5. Current-time characteristics of fuse.

6. Generator protection –Merz-price protection scheme.

7. Motor protection- Simulation studies.

8. Measurement of HVAC and HVDC using standard spheres.

9. Breakdown strength of transformer oil using oil- testing unit.

10. Field mapping using electrolytic tank for any one model-Cable/Capacitor

/Transmission line/Sphere gap models.

POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB



Hours/Week:2hrs.( Practical)

MATLAB

1. MATLAB fundamentals, matrices, Vectors, matrix & array operations. 03 hrs

2. Using built in functions, saving & loading data, scipt

files. 03hrs

3. Function files, language specific features much as loops, branches and control flow.

03hrs

Power system simulation using MATLAB, Software packages and C++

1. I) Y bus formation for systems with & without mutual coupling, by singular transformation & inspection method

ii) Determination of Bus currents, bus power & line flows for a specified system voltage

(bus) profile.

2. ABCD parameters:

i)Formation for symmetric π/T configuration

ii) Verification of AD-BC=1

iii) Determination of efficiency & regulation

3. Determination of power angle diagrams for salient and non-salient pole synchronous machines, reluctance power, excitation emf & regulation.

4. To determine fault currents & voltages in a single transmission line system with

star-delta transformers, at a specified location for SLGF, DLGF, LLF.

5. To determine fault curve i) swing curve ii) critical clearing time for a single

machine connected to infinite Bus through a pair of identical transmission lines, for a 3-phase fault on one of the lines for variation of inertia constant/line parameters/ fault location/clearing time/ prefault electrical output.

6. Load flow analysis for a 3 Bus system using Gauss Seidal method for at least 3

iterations (Ybus to be given as data)

7. Formation of jacobian for a system not exceeding 4 buses* (no PV buses) in polar co-ordinates

8. For a given power system, computation of Jacobian to conduct load flow

analysis using Newton Raphson method (no PV Buses)

9. Optimal generator scheduling for thermal power plants.

Reference Books:

1. Rudrapratap, “MATLAB getting started with MATLAB”, Oxford University press.

HVDC POWER TRANSMISSION


CIE:50 SEE:50 Marks SEE: 03Hrs


PART-A

1. HVDC Systems:

Introduction, Comparison of AC and DC systems, Existence of HVDC systems in India and abroad, Applications of DC transmission, Types of DC links, Components of

converter station, Choice of voltage level, Modern trends in DC transmission. 07 hrs

2. Analysis of HVDC Converters:

Simplified analysis of Graetz circuit without overlap and with overlap. 06 hrs

3. Control Strategies:

Basic means of control, limitations of manual control, constant voltage verses constant current control, desired features of control, Actual Control Characteristics firing angle

control, and MTDC systems. 08 hrs

PART-B

4. Harmonics and Filter circuits:

Characteristics and uncharacteristic harmonics, troubles caused by harmonics Design of AC and DC filters, Means of reducing harmonics, Telephone interference. 08 hrs

5. Protection:

DC breakers, DC reactors, Surge arresters, over voltage protection, HVDC cables. 07 hrs

6. Simulation of HVDC systems:

Philosophy and Tools, HVDC Simulator (Physical Model), parity Simulator, Digital dynamic simulation, Modeling of HVDC systems for digital dynamic simulation 06 hrs

Reference Books:

1. K.R. Padiyar, “HVDC power Transmission Systems-Technology and System

Interaction”, New Age International (P) Limited publishers,1992. 2. E.W. Kimbark, “Direct Current Transmission”, Volume 1,Wiley Future Science,

1971.

3. Arrilga, “ High Voltage Direct Current Transmission”, Peter Peregrines Limited 1983.

4. Uhlmann, “Power Transmisson by Direct Current”, Springrer Verlag, 1975 5. Kamakshaiah.

ENERGY AUDITING




PART-A

1. Introduction:

Definition types of energy audit; government policy on energy conservation.

2. Energy accounting and analysis:

Energy use profiles, energy users, energy accounting, variance analysis, acco unting input, accounting output analysis. 04hrs

3. Survey instrumentation :

Measuring building losses, measuring electrical system performance, temperature measurements, measuring combustion system, measuring HVAC system

performance. 05 hrs

4. Energy utilization measure justification:

Time value of money concept, pay back analysis, (SPP,IRR ALC etc) 05hrs

5. HVAC audit: (Brief treatment)

Vantilation audit, temperature audit, humidity audit, energy recovery system, economizer cycle, test and balance condensations. 05 hrs

PART-B

6. Building system energy audit

Building dynamics, building characteristics and construction- infiltration, heat flow due to conduction, radiation, energy audit of roofs, glass audit, passive solar building design. 06 hrs

7. Electric system audit, utility and process system audit (Brief treatment )

Electric rate tariff, lighting system audit, electric system distribution audit, Combustion

audit water treatment audit, compressed air audit, economic analysis. 10 hrs

8. Maintenance and energy audit: (Brief treatment )

Preventive maintenance procedures, equipment maintenance.

02hrs

9. Case studies : Energy audit of government buildings, dall mill and

colleges. 05 hrs

Reference Books:

1. Albert Thumann, Hand book of Energy Audits, Second Edition, The Fairmount

Press, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia.

2. Pradeepkumar, Amitkumar Tyagi (Editors) Managing energy efficiency in hotels and buildings, TERI, New Delhi.

3. Albert Thumann, Fundamentals of energy engineering, The Fairmount Press, Atlanta, Georgia.

DISCRETE TIME CONTROL SYSTEM (DTCS)




PART-A

Chapter-1

1. Introduction:

Basic Blocks diagram, Need of Z-transform. Z-transform of standard signals, properties (only statements), inverse Z-transform-methods-partial fraction & long division, solution

of difference equation using Z-transform approach. 05 hrs

2. Z-plane Analysis of DTCS:

Impulse sampling & data hold, sampling theorem, Reconstruction of original signals from sampled signal, pulse transfer function. 06 hrs

3. Analysis & Design of DTCS:

Mapping of S-plane into Z-plane, stability analysis –Jury’s approach bilinear

transformation approach steady state Analysis & transient state analysis based on root locus method. 10 hrs

4. State space Analysis of DTCS:

Review of state space of continuous time systems. (Only mention of methods) state space

models of DTCS. 07 hrs

5. Solution of DTCS:

Pulse transfer function matrix, discritziation of continuous time state space equation &, Liapunov stability analysis.

6. Design of controllers:

Need of compensators, controllability, observability, Design of controllers through state feedback, conventional & Ackerman’ s approaches, Design of Full order observer.

07 hrs

Reference Books:

1. K. Ogata. “Discrete-time control systems” 3rd edition 2008

2. M. Gopal. “ Digital control & state variable methods” TMI publication.

3. B.KUO. “Digital control system” 2nd edition, Sinders HBJ publication-International

POWER SYSTEM DYANAMICS AND STABILITY




PART-A

1. System modeling and dynamics of synchronous generator:

Basic concepts, Review of classical methods. Modeling of synchronous machine, Swing equation, Park’s transformation – Park’s voltage equation, Park’s mechanical

equation (torque). Applications – (a) voltage build up in synchronous machine, and (b) Symmetrical short circuit of generator. Solution for transient analysis, Operational impedance, Relationship between T`

do and T``do, Algebraic constraints. 12 hrs

2. EXCITATION AND PRIME MOVER CONTROLLERS:

Introduction, Types of excitation, AVR with and without ESS, TGR, Amplifier , PSS, Static exciters. 08 hrs

PART-B

3.MODELING OF PRIME MOVERS:

Introduction, Three major components, Block diagram, Hydraulic turbine, Steam

turbine 06 hrs

4. LOAD MODELING:

Introduction, Two approaches-polynomial model and Exponential model. Small Signal Stability, Angle stability with SMIB system, detailed model of SMIB.

08 hrs

5. TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS:

Simulation for Transient stability Evaluation, Transient stab ility controllers. 08 hrs

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. “Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control”-Padiyar K.R, Interline

Publications. 2. “Power System STABILITY And Control”- Prabha Kundur Mcgraw-Hill

Publishing Company, NY.

3. “Dynamics and control of Large Electric power Systems”-Marija Ilic; john Zaborszky, IEE press and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

4. “Power System Control and Stability” –Paul M.Anderson and A.A.Fouad, IEEE press and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

5. Selected topics from IEEE Transaction and Conference Proceedings.

6. Sauer and Pai, “Power System Dynamics and Stability”.

REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT




PART-A

1. Introduction: Importance of reactive power control in Electrical Power System. 06 hrs

2. Load Compensation: Objectives, practical considerations, transmission line

compensation: types. Passive/active, Fixed/regulated series/shunt compensations, compensation by sectionalizing. 08 hrs

3. Static Compensator (Specific methods) and synchronous condensers (STATCOM).

06 hrs

PART-B

4. Harmonics: Effects of resonance. Shunt capacitors and filters. 08 hrs

5. Telephone interference. 06 hrs

6.Reactive Power Coordination: Reactive power management, transmission benefits, reactive power dispatch & equipment impact. 08 hrs

Reference Books:

1. T.J.E Miller, “Reactive power control in electric power systems”, John Wiley &

SONS N.Y -2009. 2. AJ Wood & BF Woolenberg, “Power Generation, Operating & Control”., John

Wiley & Sons. 1984. 3. JEEE Guide on ‘Harmonic Control & reactive compensation of power

converters’, IEEE standard 519-1981.

4. Mathur and R.K.Varma. “SVC”

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS




PART-A

1. Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) Basics:

Definition and History, advantages and disadvantages, Types of PLC systems – CPU’s and programmer/ Monitors, PLC input and output models, printing PLC Information,

programming procedures, programming Formats, proper construction of PLC Diagrams, Devices to which PLC input ant output modules are connected, input on/ off devices and

output analog devices. 07 hrs

2. Basic PLC Programming and Basic PLC Functions:

Programming on/ off input to produce on / off out puts , PLC input instructions, outputs operational procedures , contact and coil input / Out put programming examples, Relation

to digital gate logic contact/ coil logic, PLC programming and conversion examples, creating ladder diagrams form process control descriptions, sequence listing sarge process ladder diagram constructions. 08 hrs

3. General Characteristics of Registers:

Modules addressing, holding registers, input registers, output registers, PLC timer

functions, examples of timer functions. Industrial applications, PLC counter functions. 06 hrs

PART-B

4. Intermediate functions:

PLC Arithmetic functions, PLC additions and subtractions, the PLC repetitive clock,PLC

multiplications, Division and square Root, PLC trigonometric and log functions, other PLC arithmetic Functions, PLC basic comparison functions applications, numbering

systems and number conversion functions, PLC conversion between decimal and BCD Hexadecimal numbering systems. 12 hrs

5. Data Handling Functions:

The PLC skip and master control relay functions, Jump functions, jump with non return with return, PLC data move systems, PLC functions and applications, PLC functions

working with bits, PLC digital bit functions and applications, PLC sequencer functions PLC matrix functions. 09 hrs

Reference Books :

1. John W. Weff. Ronald A Rise. Programmable logic controllers , prentice Hall of India private Limited, Fifth edition, 2003.

ELECTRICAL DRIVES & APPLICATIONS




PART-A

1. Introduction:

Concept, classification and advantages of electric drives, Block diagram of typical electric drives. Components of electric drive, choice of electric Drives. Comparison of dc

electric drives with ac electric drives. 05 hrs

2. Dynamics of Electric drives:

Fundamental torque equation, speed torque conventions and multiquadrant operation.

Equivalent values of drive parameters, components of torques, nature and classification of load torques, calculation of time and energy loss in transient operations, steady state

stability, load equalization 10 hrs

3. Characteristics of DC drives:

Starting, braking, transient analysis, single phase half and fully controlled rectifiers, control of separately excited dc motor. 06 hrs

4. Characteristics of AC drives:

Speed torque Characteristics, modified speed –torque Characteristics of 3-phase

Induction Motor. Types of braking, energy lost during braking and starting. Speed control of 3-phase Induction Motor : Methods, stator voltage, slip power recovery schemes & voltage/frequency control.

08 hrs

5. Selection of motor power rating:

Classes of motor duty, determination of power rating, Continuous duty, short time duty and intermittent periodic duty.

07 hrs

6. Industrial drives:

Rolling mill drives, cement mill drives, paper mill drives and textile mill drives.

06 hrs

Reference Books:

1. G.K. Dubey, “Fundamentals of Elect. Drives”, Second ed ition 2002 Narosa publishing house.

2. S.K.Pillai, “A first course and Elect. Drives”, Wiley Estern Ltd 1990.

3. N.K.Dey & P.K.Sen, “Electrical drives”, -PHI publication. New Delhi 2009.

4. R.Krishnan, “Electrical Motor drives, modeling, analysis and control”, PHI-2008.

POWER SYSTEM PLANNING




PART-A

1. Load Forecasting:

Classification and Characteristics of loads, forecasting methodology, extrapolation,

correlation, energy forecasting, peak demand forecasting, annual and monthly demand forecasts. 08 hrs

2. Generation system reliability analysis:

Probabilistic generating unit model, probabilistic load models, reliability analysis of an isolated system reliability analysis of inter connected areas. 14 hrs

PART-B

3. Transmission systems reliability analysis:

Deterministic contingency analysis, probility transmission system, reliability analysis, reliability calculations for single area, multi area reliability. 12 hrs

4. Automated transmission system expansion planning:

Planning concepts, automated network design, automated transmission planning.

08 hrs

Reference Books:

1. A.S. Pabla, “Electrical Power System Planning”, Macmillan India Ltd-1998

2. Robert L.Sullivan, “Power System Planning”,

ADVANCED INSULATION ENGINEERING




PART-A

1. Insulation system in power apparatus:

Insulation system in capacitors, bushings, transformers, modes of failure of insulation

system, Insulation in rotating machines. 10 hrs

2. Dielectric phenomena:

Dielectric phenomena in solid insulation, macroscopic approach for describing the dielectric phenomena, microscopic treatment for dielectric phenomena. 06 hrs

3. Properties of insulation materials :

Introduction to properties of solid insulating materials (Both of natural origin and

synthetic types). Properties of liquid insulating materials, review of breakdown phenomena in solid and liquid insulating media. 06 hrs

PART-B

4. Gaseous insulation:

Requirement of gaseous insulation Breakdown processes: Types of collision, elastic and inelastic collisions, collision cross section Mobility of ions, diffusion of charges, and

recombination mobility controlled and diffusion controlled breakdown . 08 hrs

5. Ageing Phenomena:

Failure of electrical insulation due to ageing, Ageing mechanisms: Thermal ageing, combined thermal and electrical ageing. 06 hrs

6. Analysis of insulation failure data:

Power law model, graphical estimation of power law constants, procedure, ageing data, plotting position and cumulative failure probability. 06 hrs

Reference Books:

1. Nasser E, “Fundamentals of gaseous ionization and plasma electronics “, John wiley interscience, New York, 1971.

2. Hann N.R. Schafer R.E. and Singaporewalla N.D, “Methods of statistical analysis and life data”, John wilsy and sons, New York, 1974.

3. Botcher C.J.F, “Theory of electric polarization”, Elsevier publication, 1952.

4. Bradwell A, “Electrical insulation”, perter pteregrinus LTD, London, 1983.

5. J.M.Meek and J.D.Craggs, “Electrical breakdown of gases”, Oxford university press, 1953.

6. E.Kufell and W.S.Zaengl, “High Voltage Engineering fundamentals.”, 2nd edition, pergamon perss, 1984.

7. M.S. Naidu and V. Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering “, 3rd edition, Tata MCGraw Hill, 1995.

8. Rajput, “Electrical Engineering Material”

INTRODUCTION TO RESTRUCTURED POWER SYSTEM




PART-A

1. The Electric Utility Industry:

Introduction, Electric utilities characterized by function. 03 hrs

2. Need for Deregulation:

Reasons for regulating electric utility industry, Summary of regulated utility structure and

functions, merits and demerits of utility regulated system: Need for regulation as perceived by business and government, Conditions and reasons to deregulation. 08 hrs

3. Overview of the deregulated electric industry:

a. Unbundling, Open access, Deregulation and Competition.

b. Four paradigms creating different amounts of competition.

c. Disaggregation of traditional utility.

d. Different perceptions and incentives under deregulation. 11 hrs

PART- B

4. Key concepts of Restructuring:

Restructuring models: Independent System Operator (ISO), power exchange. Market operation: Day and hour ahead markets, Elastic and in-elastic markets, market power,

standard costs, transmission pricing, congestion pricing. 12 hrs

5. Special features of Electricity Act 2003. 04 hrs

6. Working of restructured power systems, PJM, NORDPOOL. 04 hrs

Reference Books:

1. Lorrin philipson, H.Lee Willis: “Understanding electric utilities and

deregulation”,Marce Dekker publications, 1998.

2. Mohammad Shahidepour, Muwaffaq Alomoush: “Restructured electrical power system “, Marcel Dekker publications, 2001.

3. Nils Flatato, Gerard Doorman, O.S. Grande, Hans Randen, Ivar Wangensteen;

Experience with Nordpool Design and Implementation’ IEEE Transactions on power sustems, Vol. 18, No.2, May 2003, pp541-547.

4. Andrew L. Ott, Experience with PJM Market operation, System Design and Implementation’ IEEE Transactions on power systems, Vol. 18, No.2, May 2003,

pp528-534.

5. Sangamesh Sakri, et al, “Power sector reforms in Karnataka” IEEE power India Conference 2006, New Delhi, 10-12, April 2006, 1-6 pp.

MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS




PART-A

Overview of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems(MEMS) : MEMS as Micro sensor and Micro actuators, components of Microsystems, Evolution of Micro fabrication,

comparison of Micro-electronics and Micro system. Applications of Micro system in Health care industries, Aerospace industry, Industrial products, consumer products and

Telecommunications. 10hrs Micro fabrication for MEMS: Bulk micromachining, surface micromachining, wafer

bonding, LIGA process. 06hrs

MEMS Transducer and MEMS Actuators: Piezoelectric transducer, Electrostatic transducer, Magneto-static transducer, Electrostatic actuator, Electro thermal actuator. Micro sensing for MEMS. Piezo-resistive sensing, capacitive sensing, piezoelectric

sensing, resonant sensing and surface acoustic wave sensor. 06hrs

PART- B

MEMS Material and Fabrication Techniques: Metals, semiconductors, thin films for

MEMS and their deposition techniques. Thermal silicon oxide technique, dielectric layer, polycrystalline silicon, Metal films, Ferro electric thin films, Material for poly MEMS.

12hrs Introduction to MEMS Switches and Micro relays: Switch parameters, Basic of

switching , Mechanical switches, Electronic switches and microwave applications. 08hrs

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1 RF MEMS – VK Varadan, A Laktakia and K J Vinoy, Wiley, 2003 Reprint

2 RF MEMS Circuit Design De Los Santos, Artech House, 2002.

3 Transaction Level Modeling with Systemc TLM Concepts and Application for Embedded Systems,

4 By Frank Ghenassia, Springer, 2005.

5 Networks on Chips: Technology and Tools, by Lica Benin and Giovanni De Micheli,

ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION




PART-A

1.Energy Management

Introduction, Scope ,Necessary Steps, General principles, Qualities and Functions of an Energy management, The Language of the Energy Management. 05 hrs

2. Energy Surveying, Energy Auditing

Introduction, Objectives of Energy Audit, Control of Energy, Uses of Energy, Energy

conservation Schemes, Energy Index, Cost Index, Pie Chart, Sankey Diagram, Load profile, Types of Energy Audit, General Energy Audit, Sankey Diagram, Energy Audit

Case Studies 08 hrs

3. Energy Conservation

Introduction, Indian Energy Conservation Act,2001(EC Act),The Electricity Act 2003.Rules for Efficient Energy ,Conservation of Energy and Materials ,Technologies for Energy Conservation, Design of EC, Energy Flow Networks, Low Grade energy

Applications, Critical Assessment of Energy , Formulation of Objectives and constraints. 08 hrs

PART-B

4. Waste Heat Recovery :

Waste Heat, Advantages of Recuperates, Air Pre-heaters and Economizers . 05 hrs

5. Methodologies for Improvement of Energy Efficiency:

Steam Generation, Distribution and Utilization: Methodology, Furnaces , Fans and Blowers, Compressors ,Pumps ,Pinch Technology –Heat Exchanger Networks (HEN)

Process Integration, Moderated Heat Exchanger Network, Energy Audits-Case Studies, Analysis and Recommendations, Fluidized Bed Combustion, Power Generation,

Environmental Effects. 08 hrs

6. Electrical Energy Management:

Introduction, Power Factor Control, Tariff ,Energy Efficient Motors, Case Study, Energy

Efficient Lighting, Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCC Analysis), Equivalent Annual Worth (EAW), Break-even Analysis. 08 hrs

Reference Books:

1. K.V. Sharna & P.Venkataseshaiah “Energy Management & consewwation I.K.

International publishing house PVt ltd 2011.

2. Energy management, audit and conservation Barun kumar De vrida Publication 2007

ROBOTICS




PART-A

1.Fundamentals of Robotics

Historical Development of Robot, Definitions of Industrial Robot, Classification, Degree

of Freedom and Degree of Motion, Manipulation of Robot Components, Joints and Symbols, Work Volume and Work Envelope, Resolution, Accuracy and Repeatability, Robot Configuration, Economic and Social Issues. 08 hrs

2. Robot Programming and Modular Components

Robot Programming Method, Advantages and Disadvantages of Robot, Requirements for

a Robot in an Industry, Specifications of Robot, Operational Capabilities Level of a Robot, Modular Robot Components, Wrist Mechanism. 06 hrs

3. Robot Sensors

Internal Sensors, External Sensors, Force Sensors, Thermocouples, Performance Characteristics of a Robot, Static Performance Characteristics, Dynamic Performance Characteristics, Standard Test Signals, Controllers, Time Response of a Second Order

System, Characteristics of a Under Damped System ,Steady State Response , Steady State Dynamic Characteristics. 07 hrs

PART-B

4. RobotActuators

Hydraulic and pneumatic Actuators, Electrical Actuators, Brushless permanent Magnet DC Motor, AC Servomotor, Stepper Motor, Micro Actuators, Micro Gripper. Micro

Motor, Drive selection. 07 hrs

5. Motion Conversion and Drives

Rotary to Rotary Motion Conversion, Harmonic Drives, Rotary to Linear Motion Conversion, Parts presentation Methods, Robot Safety. 05 hrs

6. Mathematical Modeling of a Robot

Basics of Matrix Representation, Link Equations and Relationship, Problem with DH Presentation, Differential Motion and Velocities, Calculation of the Jacobian for a Robot,

Jacobian for evolute Joint, Trajectory Control. 08 hrs

Reference Books:

1. Appu Kuttan K.K. “Robotics” I.K. International publishing teuse pvt ltd 2007. Re print 2012

2. Robotics & Industrial Automatics R.K.Rajpur, S chand & company Ltd.

3. Introduction to Robotics, Analysis, Control Applications 2nd edition, wiley India

Pvt Ltd

4. Robotics A very short-Introduction Alan Wintield, oxford university

ELECTRICAL POWER QUALITY




PART-A

1.Introduction to Electrical Power Quality :

Introduction, Power Quality Issues, Remedial measures, power quality V/S Equipment immunity, Power Quality concerns, power quality standards and power quality monitoring 05 hrs

2. Power Frequency Distribution:

Introduction, common power frequency disturbances, Sources of steady state disturbances , Disturbances recognition system, effect of steady state system disturbances on loads. Technique to reduce disturbances, Uninterruptable power supplies (UPS),

Isolation transformers, voltage regulation, Indicators of quality power in a plant.

08 hrs

3. Electrical Transients:

Introduction, Types and causes of transients over voltage mitigation techniques, Transient over voltage in communication circuits, Standards of transient over voltages, Transient

measurements, Surge generators, Surge suppressors, Interruption of fault circuits, Power factor correction using capacitors, motor start transient. 08 hrs

PART-B

4. Harmonics:

Introduction, Harmonic analysis, Effect of harmonics on power system devices, Harmonic current mitigation, Individual harmonic distortion, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), causes of voltage & current harmonics, Guide lines for harmonic voltage & current limitation.

07 hrs

5. Measuring and Solving Power Quality Problems:

Introduction, power quality measurements, types of equipment for monitoring of power quality, Analyzing power quality measurement Data, PQA features, CBEMA & ITIC

curves. 06 hrs

6.Custom power Devices:

Introduction, Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), D-Statcom, Unifed power quality conditioner (UPQC), Unifed power quality converter topology, principles and

configuration of UPS. 07 hrs

Reference Books:

1. J.D. Dixit & Amit Yadav “Electrical Power Quality” University Science Press” First edition 2010.

2. Math H J Bollen, “Understanding power Quality Problems; voltage Sags and Interruptions”, Wiley India.

3. Roger C, Dugan, et.el, “Electrical power System Quality”, 2nd Edition, TMH,

2011.

4. G T Heydt, “Electric power Quality”, Stars in Circle publications, 1991.

5. Ewald F Fuchs, et.el, “Power Quality in power System and Electrical Machines”,

Academic press, Elsevier, 2009

FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS




PART-A

1. FACTS Concepts:

Transmission interconnections power flow in an AC system, loading capability limits,

dynamic stability considerations, importance of controllable parameters, basic types of FACTS controllers, benefits from FACTS controllers. 07 hrs

2. Voltage Source converters:

Single phase, Three phase full wave bridge converters, Transformer connections for 12

pulse, 24 and 48 pulse operation. 07 hrs

3. Three level voltage source converter:

Three level voltage source converter, pulse width modulation converter, basic concept of current source Converters, comparison of current source converters with voltage source converters. 7 hrs

PART-B

4. Static Shunt Compensation:

Objectives of shunt compensation, mid point voltage regulation, voltage instability, Prevention, improvement of transient stability, power oscillation damping. 07 hrs

5. Methods of controllable VAR generation :

Variable impedance type static VAR generators, switching converter type VAR generators, hybrid VAR generators.

07 hrs

6. SVC and STATCOM :

The regulation and slope, transfer function and dynamic performance, transient stability

enhancement and power oscillation damping, operating point control and summary of compensator control. 07 hrs

Reference Books:

1. N.G.Hingorani & Laszlo. Gyugy “Understanding FACTS concepts and

Technology of flexible AC Transmission system’’, IEEE p ress Standard publishers-2001

2. K. R. Padiyar, “FACTS-Controller in power Transmission & Distribution”, New age publishers - 2007

3. S.Rao. “EHV-AC, HYDC Transmission & Distribution Engg’’, Khanna

publishers -3rd Edition 2003.

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL




PART-A

1. Power system optimization:

Optima system operation with thermal plants, incremental production costs for steam

power plants, analytical form of generating cost of thermal plants, constraints in economic operation, flow chart. Transmission loss as a function of plant generation, the B-coefficients, examples. 06 hrs

2. Unit commitment:

Statement of the problem, need and importance of Unit commitment, methods-priority list method, dynamic programming method, constraints, spinning reserve, examples. 06 hrs

3. Power system Security:

Introduction, factors affecting power system Security, power system contingency

analysis, detection of network problems, network sensitivity methods, calculation of network sensitivity factor, contingency ranking. 10 hrs

PART-B

4. Automatic Generation Control:

Automatic voltage regulator, Automatic Load Frequency Control loops of generators, performance of Voltage Regulator, ALFC of single area system,

concept control area, multi area system, POOL operation – two area system, tie-line bias control. 08 hrs

5. Control center operation of power systems:

Introduction to SCADA, control center, digital computer configuration, automatic generation control, area control error, operation without central computers, expression for tie-line flow and frequency deviation parallel operation of generators, area Lumped

dynamic model. 06 hrs

6. Control of voltage and reactive power:

Introduction, generation and absorption of reactive power, relation between voltage, power and reactive power at node, single machine infinite bus system, methods of voltage

control, sub synchronous resonance, voltage stability, voltage collapse. 06 hrs

Reference Books:

1. GL Kusic, “Computer aided power system analysis”, PHI- 2010. 2. I.J. Nagarath and D.P. Kothri, “//modern power system Anakysis”, 3 rd Edition -

2003 3. Allen. J. Wood & Woolenburg “Power Generation , Operation & control”, John

Wiley & Sons -2nd Edition -2009. 4. O.I.Elgerd, “Electrical Energy Systems Theory”, TMH-2008.

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