norad s-series bomb shelter brochure s-series bomb shelter brochure bomb shelter - blast shelter -...
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NORAD S-SERIES BOMB SHELTER BROCHURE
BOMB SHELTER - BLAST SHELTER - FALLOUT SHELTER - EMERGENCY BUNKER: THE S-SERIES MILITARY BOMB SHELTER IS NOW AVAILABLE TO CIVILIANS. PROTECTION FROM FULL-SCALE PROTRACTED NUCLEAR WAR; NUCLEAR-BIOLOGICAL-CHEMICAL-EMP WAR AND TERRORISM; INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS; FIRE, FLOOD,
EARTHQUAKE, HURRICANE, TORNADO AND TSUNAMI
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S-SERIES MILITARY BLAST SHELTER MODEL PERFORMANCE DATA SUMMARY
S-Series Bomb Shelter Performance Data
Feature Specification Standard/ Optional
Air blower volume 12-VDC
40 to 100 cfm @ 1 in S.P. Std. Air Filtration
Air filter 40 to 1000 cfm, 99.99% @ 0.3u NBC Package
Air filter -- carbon-activated lbs./100 cfm
15-40 NBC Package
Air filter -- carbon-activated residence time
0.25 sec NBC Package
Air filter -- carbon-TEDA lbs./100 cfm
15-40 NBC Package
Air filter -- carbon-TEDA residence time
0.25 sec NBC Package
Air filtration system BIBO long term ASHRAE, MIL 282, MIL 32101, NBC, HEPA
NBC Package
Air manifold 40 psi, 5 psi negative Std. Air Filtration
Corrosion protection Cathodic Sacrificial Anodes 30 Year Std., 40 and 50 Year Optional
Counter hydrostatic S.F.
1.2 Std. Structure
Distance from ground zero
0.9 miles 100 KT SB NBC Package
Emergency door opening
30 in. dia. mechanical jack system 16,000 lb. Std. Eway/ Walk-In Eway
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Performance Data
EMP Shielding Internal Diesel Generator
MIL-188-125 Compliant
Inverter /Charger Housing
MIL-188-125 Compliant
Solar Charge Controller
MIL-188-125 Compliant
Solar Panel Vault
MIL-188-125 Compliant
Misc. Vault MIL-188-125 Compliant
Radios MIL-188-125 Compliant
EMP Shielding
Engineering Standards
ABYC, ANSI, API, ASHRAE, ASME, ASTM, MIL, NACE, NEC, NSF, POP, STI, UL
Std. Structure/ Applicable Package
Failure mode non-catastrophic Std. Structure
Fire resistance hatch ASTM E-119 1 hr @ 1700 F. mechanical Std. Structure
Fire resistance interior
Flame spread 25, ASTM E84 Std. Structure
Hatch pressure resistance
40 psi positive, 5 psi negative Std. Structure
Maximum wind with flying debris
350 MPH Std. Structure
Overpressure rating 10 psi with no earth-arching effect Std. Structure
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Performance Data
Radiation design dose (The radiation dose for which the shelter protection is designed. This is the radiation dose an unprotected person would receive.)
500 KT AB 100 KT SB
Eway and Air Ducts
Overhead
Radiation Design Dose
Rems Rems
Gamma initial
3,250 1,200
Gamma 12,000 9,554
Neutron 9,000 4,000
Total 24,250 14,754
Std. Structure
Radiation Protection Factor (PF) @ 72 in. earth**
Rems
Gamma 8,192 (outside gamma dose / 8,192)
Neutron 32,768 (outside neutron dose / 32,768)
**Protection factors are for overhead radiation only and do not account for radiation entering the shelter through the entranceway and air ducts. The radiation from overhead, air ducts and entranceway is accounted for only in the Total Rems in Shelter or TRS.
Std. Structure
*Total Rems in Shelter (TRS)
Std. Eway
Walk-In Eway
Rems Rems
Radiation dose air ducts (4) @ 10 psi 500 KT AB
0.24 0.24
Radiation dose overhead @
1.00 1.00
Std. Structure
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Performance Data 10 psi 100 KT SB
Eway @ 10 psi 500 KT AB
2.70 3.70
Total Rems in Shelter (TRS)
4.00 5.00
Sealed shelter atmosphere
See graph for specific shelter Std. Air Filtration
Re-deployable Yes Std. Structure
Warranty 30 year structural Std. Structure
Water filtration 3-stage, 0.5 micron, 99.999% UV Generator Package/Solar Package, and Plumbing Package
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Common Specifications
Feature Specification Std./Optional
Air blower type
Reverse curve centrifugal Std. Air Filtration
Air blower volume 12-VDC
40 to 100 cfm @ 1 in S.P. Std. Air Filtration
Air filter dust 99% @ 40u Std. Air Filtration
Air filter HEPA NBC
HEPA, Activated carbon, TEDA 40 to 1000 cfm, 99.99% @ 0.3u
NBC Pkg.
Air manifolds Dome with multiple baffles & screens Std. Air Filtration
Antenna fittings
Threaded port in Eway Communications Pkg.
Backfill material required
Spoil or crushed stone Installation Pkg.
Batteries 8 (eight) 140 amp hour 12-VDC AGM Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg.
Circuit breaker panels
AC and DC Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg.
Corrosion protection system
Cathodic -- Epoxy/Anodes GCP or ICCP Std. Structure
Floor material Steel, tile over Std. Structure
Hull classification
CL Std. Structure
Hatch cover 30 in. dia. clear opening spring loaded, or 30x60 in. clear opening spring loaded
Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
Hatch cover angle of incidence
10 degrees earth berm Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
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Hatch cover material
Steel Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
Hatch exterior lock
Removable Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
Hatch interior latch
Mechanical latch -- quick acting Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
Hatch system Steel-spring loaded Std. 68 Deg. Eway/Optional 45 Deg. Eway
Head room 8 to 10 ft. Std. Structure
Hull material High strength epoxy coated structural steel Std. Structure
Lighting White LED Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg.
Oven Microwave Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg. and Cooking Pkg.
Septic tank 1000 gallon chamber leaching system Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg., and Plumbing Pkg.
Sewage lift station
1/2 HP Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg., and Plumbing Pkg.
Shape Hex ceiling Std. Structure
Toilet Gravity flush to lift station Generator Pkg./Solar Pkg., and Plumbing Pkg.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Performance Data on Optional Items
Air Filtration System BIBO (Bag-in/Bag-out) long term ASHRAE, MIL 282, MIL 32101, NBC, HEPA
Air Test Port Internal SEAM (Severe Environment Air Module) Unit
Electrical and Plumbing Conventional and Conventional Pressurized
Off-Grid Duration One year diesel generator at 4 hours/day
EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) Shielding
MIL-STD-188-125
Power Internal diesel generator NBC air filter
Septic System Conventional
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Model-Specific Specifications
Feature S16x16-CIV S16x24-MIL S16x40-MIL S16x80-MIL Standard/Optional
Air blower volume 120-VAC
N/A 400 to 1000 cfm @ 6 in. S.P.
400 to 1000 cfm @ 6 in. S.P.
400 to 1000 cfm @ 6 in. S.P.
Generator Pkg.
Assembly time -- days, approximately
2-3 3-4 days 5 days 5 days Installation Pkg.
Capacity -- adults
8-10 8-10 12-15 24-30 Std. Structure
Connector port to other shelters
stubout stubout stubout stubout Connector Pkg.
Diesel tank N/A 800 gallon aluminum
800 gallon aluminum
800 gallon aluminum
Generator Pkg.
Duration with 6.5 KW diesel generator
N/A 1 year @ S.L. 1 year @ S.L. 1 year @ S.L. Generator Pkg.
Floor space -- net
235 ft.2 363 ft.2 619 ft.2 1,259 2 Std. Structure
Hydrostatic pressure -- lbs.
177,216 265,824 443,040 265,824 Std. Structure
Hydrostatic pressure -- counter, lbs. @70 lbs. 1.22 S.F.
177,216 324,305 540,509 1,081,018 Std. Structure
Solar 2 KW Theoretically unlimited
Theoretically unlimited
Theoretically unlimited
Theoretically unlimited
Solar Pkg.
Stove methanol electric electric electric Solar Pkg./Generator Pkg. and Cooking Pkg.
Volume -- wall storage shelving
256 ft.3 384 ft.3 640 ft.3 1,280 ft.3 Std. Structure
Volume -- total 2,840 ft.3 4,260 ft.3 7,100 ft.3 14,200 ft.3 Std. Structure
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Model-Specific Specifications
Water heater methanol electric electric electric Solar Pkg./Generator Pkg. and Plumbing Pkg.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO
SHELTERIST
HEPA DUST SEAM AIR FILTRATION
For use in tornado and hurricane protection shelters, the SEAM (Severe Environment Air Module) uses a dust air filtration filter. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Storm shelter air is filtered from normal surface contaminants making it clean and healthy to breathe.
NBC SEAM AIR FILTRATION SYSTEM
The NBC (Nuclear Biological Chemical) SEAM (Severe Environment Air Module) Air Filtration System removes radiation, chemical and biological threats from the shelter breathing and generator air supplies. NBC protection and generator power are standard in Military and optional in Civilian bomb shelters. Shelter occupants change the contaminated trays using the Bag In-Bag-Out (BIBO) filter change system. The BIBO system encapsulates the spent filter trays when they are being removed. The one-chamber SEAM cleans breathing air. The three-chamber SEAM cleans generator air. NBC air filtration systems come with spare filters. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: INCLUDED
NBC Air Filtration and the BIBO air filter try changing system prevents shelter occupants from breathing and touching nuclear, biological chemical contaminants The spare filters extend the shelter duration.
AIR MANIFOLDS, PATENT PENDING
NORAD underground shelter air manifolds at ground level are made of heavy steel and aerodynamically designed to resist 350 mph winds with flying debris. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Even a truck running over the air manifold, or 350 mph debris hitting it, will not stop the manifold from supplying the shelter with fresh air ready to be filtered.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
BLAST VALVES PRESSURE PROTECTION Stainless steel blast valves protect shelterists from over pressure and under pressure using redundant choking mechanisms. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: INCLUDED
All bomb blasts drastically change the air pressure around the area. NORAD shelters can be equipped with blast valves protecting occupants' lungs and ears from damage. The pressure protection system adjusts itself to protect occupants from overpressure and underpressure.
EMERGENCY DISASTER MANAGEMENT RADIO PACKAGE Emergency communications equipment includes a police scanner and HAM radio in an EMP-shielded enclosure. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Listen to AM, FM, Police, Highway Patrol, government agencies etc. HAM radio allows two way communications with anyone operating on HAM radio frequencies like first responders.
CATHODIC CORROSION PROTECTION High dielectric epoxy coatings and anodes provide 30 to 50 year corrosion-protection with constant pressure rating on shelter hull. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
The anodes connected to the shelter corrode instead of the shelter. This allows the steel shelter to be warrantied from corrosion for 30 to 50 years, depending on the cathodic protection package purchased.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
SHELTER CONNECTOR TUNNELS Connector Tunnels join the fallout shelter to existing buildings, other shelters or to other structures. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: OPTIONAL
Connector Tunnels join underground shelters to homes, office buildings, hospitals and other emergency shelters. Connectors allow communities to shelter together while maintaining separate living spaces. Emergency Operations Center and Business Continuity Centers depend on Connector Tunnels to join different groups in the organization. Businesses use multi-shelter installations for business continuity operations. Hospitals use connectors to join the main buildings to underground emergency operations centers.
EMP SHIELDING TO MIL-STD-188-125 and EMP VAULT All Military Shelters are EMP shielded to MIL-STD-188-125 so the Mission Critical Equipment (MEE) is protected from Electromagnetic Pulse. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: INCLUDED
The shelter will have dependable generator power and stored battery power after an EMP attack. Occupants can continue to use plumbing. Electronics stored in the vault such as a TV, radios and DVD player will work after EMP attack.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO
SHELTERIST
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
All shelter models are designed and manufactured to meet P.O.P. US Handbook Shelter Standards 2013 by Walton McCarthy, and many military standards. NORAD underground shelters are designed by the same man who wrote the industry bible on underground protection. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
The S-Series Bomb Shelter meets the highest possible standards in protection from all earth surface threats including terrorism, fire, flood, EMP attack, nuclear, biological and chemical attack and accidents.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO
SHELTERIST
2ND HATCH: 45 DEG. WALK IN ENTRANCEWAY
The Walk In Entranceway has a 45 degree angle stairwell with a 36 •x72• wide hatch. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: OPTIONAL
It is easy to walk in and out of the entranceway, and items occupants are carrying will easily fit through the opening and stairwell. Customers concerned about intruders should have both a 45 deg. and a 68 deg. entranceway. See 2nd HATCH: 68 DEG. WALK IN ENTRANCEWAY for more information.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
2ND HATCH: 68 DEG. WALK IN ENTRANCEWAY AND EMERGENCY ESCAPE
The Walk In Entranceway has a 68 degree angle stairwell with a 30• diameter hatch. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Customers concerned about intruders should have a 45 deg. entranceway for supplies and a 68 deg. entranceway as a secret escape exit. The standard 30• diameter hatch should be well camouflaged. In the event someone attempts to enter the main hatch, occupants can exit the camouflaged hatch undetected. Occupants then have the option to disable the intruder. Even very large people can quickly and easily slip through the emergency escape hatch to exit the shelter. In addition to giving occupants a fast shelter escape path, the emergency escape feature gives occupants an advantage against intruders attempting to open the main hatch.
PERFORMANCE DATA-FEA TESTING
All shelters have been modeled with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under many load conditions. No rotationally molded tanks of any kind are used. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED MILITARY: INCLUDED
NORAD shelters, entranceways, and septic tanks were designed for very heavy overhead earth, overpressure and extreme ground shock. NORAD shelters are tested and proven to be structurally extremely strong and sound even under such heavy loads
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
FOUNDATION
There is no concrete in any of the shelters. The foundation is made of steel. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
The shelter can be re-deployed to another location. A building permit is usually not required. occupants do not need 24-hour-a-day concrete de-humidifiers.
GEOMETRY EFFICIENCY
All S-Series Fallout Shelters are designed to make 100% of the interior space usable while old culvert designs offer only about 60% useful space. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
NORAD S-Series Shelters are designed to make 100% of the interior space usable. Whereas cylindrical shelters lose much space to the curved walls, the S-Series design creates a spacious, open feeling even for claustrophobics. The ceilings are eight to 10 feet tall. Furniture can be placed against walls.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
HULL
The hexoid structural steel hull is designed in 8 ft. sections. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
The S-Series Hull is designed to protect people from scores of man-made and natural disasters up to and including nuclear weapon blasts.
CONVENTIONAL PLUMBING SYSTEM
Shelter models with this option will have conventional plumbing including a sub-micron water filter, a stainless steel utility sink, a fiberglass shower, a conventional flush toilet, a sewage lift to the high pressure septic system and toilet room venting. CIVILIAN: OPTIONAL, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Without the plumbing package the occupants rely on bottled water for drinking and washing. Waste will go to a “portable potty” which occupants will have to service. With the plumbing package occupants will have clean filtered drinking water for the kitchen faucet and shower. The sewage will automatically be pumped to an external buried septic system.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO
SHELTERIST
DIESEL AND/OR SOLAR ELECTRICAL POWER
Generator electricity comes standard with Military Shelters. The optional Solar Power package can be added to a Military Shelter but cannot replace the generator power system. Either a generator or solar can power a Civilian Shelter. Unless the shelter is to be used as an empty storage shell, it must have a power source to run the air filtration system. Solar and generator power packages include circuit breaker panels for 120 VAC and 12 VDC power for TV, DVD player, microwave and customer electric devices such as food preparation equipment. CIVILIAN: SOLAR AND EMP-SHIELDED GENERATOR; MILITARY: EMP-SHIELDED GENERATOR
Watch TV and a DVD player. Cook food in a microwave. The plumbing system for water supply and waste removal will work with this electrical system.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO
SHELTERIST
STORAGE
100% interior usable space, and internal wall storage. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
There is enough room to store more than one year of food, toilet paper and other critical supplies.
MULTI-ROOM SHELTER
All models have separate room areas. The bathroom is inside wall partitions and has a locking door. Sound-attenuating foam suppressed generator (standard Military and optional Civilian) noise inside a pressurized separate room. The living area and power generation areas are separated. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Generator noise does not interfere with daily living, allowing occupants to stay inside the shelter for up to a year off grid.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Features and Benefits NORAD SHELTER FEATURE BENEFIT TO SHELTERIST
OVERHEAD and ENTRANCEWAY RADIATION PERFORMANCE DATA All shelters have radiation doses listed from overhead and entranceways based on actual nuclear weapons tests. NORAD shelters have a total Rems in Shelter (TRS) of 3 rems from all sources at the shelter design pressure. CIVILIAN: INCLUDED, MILITARY: INCLUDED
Owners know the maximum dose of radiation that will enter the shelter from overhead, the entranceway, and air ducts. The protection is a function of the shielding material over the shelter, and the geometry of the entranceway and air ducts. We provide owners with gamma exposure calculations based on the bomb size, the distance from Ground Zero, and a constant 15 MPH wind. Use our Entranceway Radiation Calculator to determine the radiation exposure of any shelter under consideration..
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BOMB SHELTERS: SELF-CONTAINED, OFF-GRID, UNDERGROUND
• Breathing Air NBC (Nuclear Biological Chemical) Filtration System
• Generator NBC Air Filtration Cooling
• Emergency Communications Radios
• Steel Sections Assembled on Site
• Internal EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) Shielded Diesel Generator
• Flush Toilet, Conventional Septic System
• Shower, Sinks, Pressurized Hot and Cold Running Water
• Beds, Mattresses
• Decontamination
• Lighting
• Claustrophobic-Friendly Spacious 10-ft. Ceilings
• Extremely Strong Steel Construction
• Emergency Escape Hatch
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PROTECTION FROM WEAPONS AND NATURALS DISASTERS
• EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) and HEMP (High-Altitude Electromagnetic
Pulse) Weapons
• Nuclear Weapons
• Full-Scale Protracted Nuclear War
• Biological/Bioterrorism Weapons
• Chemical Weapons
• Nearby Terrorism and Criminal Activity
• Nuclear Power Plant Accidents
• Chemical Industry Accidents
• Biological Facility and Research Accidents
• Power Plant Failures
• Water Supply Contamination
• Severe Pollution
• Forest Fires
• Famines
• Earthquakes
• Tornadoes, Typhoons, Monsoons, Cyclones and Hurricanes
• Man-Made and Natural Disasters
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TO PROTECT PEOPLE DURING AND AFTER DISASTERS
The NORAD S-Series shelters were specifically designed and developed
to protect people during and after disasters such as:
• full-scale protracted nuclear, chemical and biological war
• nuclear war blasts, nuclear war fallout, biological weapons, chemical
weapons, conventional war, terrorism, dirty bombs
• EMP and HEMP attack, power grid failure, violence, rioting, social
collapse, financial collapse, societal breakdown, resource shortages
• tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, storms, forest fires, cyclones,
tsunamis, monsoons
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Spacious and Strong The NORAD S-Series shelters are totally self-contained structural
steel underground disaster shelters rated at 10 PSI overpressure. The
S12, S16, S24 and S30 are each composed of 8 foot sections. Section
widths are 12 ft. (S12), 16 ft. (S16), 24 ft. (S24) and 30 ft. (S30). Each 8 ft.
section includes the hexoid arch (ceiling), shelving, and steel foundation.
All hull material is structural steel that is epoxy coated inside and outside.
The steel foundation forms the floor and a gravity flange for high water
tables. The foundation acts as a barrier preventing radon and methane
gas from entering the shelter. No concrete is used so it is not considered
a permanent structure. This usually means that a building permit is not
required. The hexoid ceiling is extremely strong and provides
a spacious feeling especially for claustrophobic people.
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These NBC EMP Nuclear War Blast Shelters are Also
Panic Rooms and Storm Shelters
All NORAD S-Series bomb shelters protect occupants from a 100
kiloton surface burst nuclear bomb blast 0.9 miles away. Military
shelters and upgraded Civilian shelters also protect shelterists
from nuclear fallout, biological and chemical agents, ground fires and
floods. Long term off-grid capacity allows shelter owners to protect
themselves from the effects of power-grid loss due to EMP
attack or financial and social meltdown. The S-Series underground
shelters are panic rooms allowing owners to buy valuable time when
faced with imminent violence. All NORAD S-Series underground bomb
shelters are also storm shelters. The least-equipped Civilian shelter to
the most-equipped Military shelter protect occupants from storms, floods,
monsoons, tornadoes, cyclones, hurricanes and dust
storms including 350 MPH winds and 1700 deg. F. ground fires.
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Corrosion Protection System The NORAD S SERIES SHELTER hull exterior and interior are painted prior to
shipping. The inside epoxy white coating has excellent flame and smoke properties. The
exterior epoxy coating has strong dielectric properties and excellent cathodic
bonding and abrasion resistance properties. Underground corrosion is an electrical
process and the shelter hull and foundation corrosion is virtually stopped by
the Cathodic Protection System. Unlike an underground galvanized tank or culvert
where the shelter itself erodes over time requiring the shelter hull pressure rating to be
de-rated 2-5% each year, the corrosion protection system forces the underground
anodes connected to the shelter to erode instead of the shelter hull. The corrosion
protection system is monitored by a meter mounted on the shelter wall indicating that
the corrosion protection system is operating and when the anodes needs to be
replaced. The corrosion protection system allows support of a 30-50 year structural
warranty.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Design Patent Pending The NORAD S-Series Blast Shelter is a very efficient shape. People operating in the
shelter have full use of the area. The living area is 100% useful. The walls are vertical.
The ceiling is hexoid starting at 8 ft. and rising to 10 ft. A 6 ft. tall person inside has a
minimum of 8 ft. of space overhead. This model is a fifth generation disaster shelter
manufactured to PRINCIPLES of PROTECTION, U.S. Handbook of NBC Weapon
Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Standards, Sixth Edition, 2013, Brown Books,
which is the United State’s bible on shelter engineering standards. It is known in the
industry as P.O.P.
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Bomb Shelter Facilities The NORAD S SERIES SHELTER provides headroom from 8 ft. to 10 ft. This allows
relatively normal living and a very spacious feeling. There is ample light for reading
anywhere in the shelter supplied by LED white lights. Fresh filtered air is brought into
the shelter by a 12-volt air blower designed to operate 24 hours per day and
supplies many times the breathing volume of air required by adults. This system
has the advantage of maintaining constant shelter temperature, constant shelter
oxygen levels, constant shelter carbon dioxide levels, and constant shelter mois-
ture levels, plus it prevents overheating which is common with manual air blowers in
warm climates. In addition, this electric blower air supply system works with all
people including young children, people who are sick, people who are injured, people
who are handicapped, and people who are elderly who may not be able to operate a
manual blower system during a disaster. Exhausting of hot, moist, spent air is
facilitated through the air ceiling exhaust to the air manifold at ground level. This is an
efficient method of exhausting spent air, especially when resisting intruder assaults is a
critical part of the shelter design. The NORAD S-Series shelters can be “Fit Out” inside
with conventional walls and doors.
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Bomb Shelter Protection from EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) Event or Attack
The NORAD S Series was designed to meet MIL-STD-188-125: “High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Protection for Ground-Based C4I Facilities Performing
Critical, Time-Urgent Missions Part 1: Fixed Facilities” 17 July 1998. All mission
essential equipment (MEE) vulnerable to EMP is mounted in a tested aluminum EMP
shielded enclosure. The NORAD S Series is self-contained and not connected to the
electrical grid. The only MEE equipment in the shelter that are vulnerable to EMP are
the inverter/charger, generators, and generator/battery bank controls, which are all
mounted in an aluminum EMP shielded enclosure. The EMP shielded enclosures meet
QQ-A-200/8, MIL-C-7438, MIL-T-10727, and shielding minimums of MIL-188-125. The
shelter system also includes a 2 ft3 EMP vault to store other electronic components in
such as laptops, radios, TV’s, CD player etc.
ILITARY STANDARD EMP PROTECTION OF MILITARY ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT (MEE)
The NORAD S-Series EMP Protection system meets MIL-STD-188-125. It protects the
diesel generator and generator control*, inverter/battery charger*, generator battery
bank controls*, and radios. The Military Model with a diesel generator and
inverter/battery charger are protected by EMP Shielded Enclosures and designed to
protect 4-100 troops for one year off-grid. The military version is also available to
citizens. * MEE or Military Essential Equipment The NORAD approach to making an
underground shelter EMP shielded, and a well accepted military practice, is to assume
the shelter hull is EMP transparent and shield each individual unit vulnerable to EMP.
The POEs in a shielded enclosure for a few cables are small and can be easily
shielded. Also, unlike unprotected underground shelters, EMP shielded enclosures can
be tested individually. Underground shelters with EMP shielded enclosures for MEE
(Minimum Essential Equipment) meet the MIL-188-125 Standard. The NORAD S-
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SERIES Shelter has been reviewed for an EMP Protection Analysis by a Certified
Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineer and a Certified Electrostatic Discharge Control
Engineer and found to comply with MIL-STD-188-125 with a shielded enclosure for
MEE.
EMP PROTECTION “GOLDEN RULE”
The golden rule for EMP
protection in underground shelters
is, “DO NOT USE THE SHELTER
HULL AS AN EMP SHIELD AND
DO NOT USE THE EMP SHIELD
AS A SHELTER.”
The major problem in making underground shelters EMP safe is dealing with all the POEs
or “points of entry’ in underground shelter hulls that allow EMP to enter the shelter.
Anything penetrating the hull such as entranceways, emergency escape tunnels, air inlet
hoses, air outlet hoses, water hoses, electrical lines, and radio cables, etc., all need EMP
shielded gaskets and/or EMP shielded air vents. Steel cannot be used as a Faraday Cage
because it is not conductive enough. Electrical conductivity is measured in Siemens/meter
(õ S/m). The minimum conductivity for a Faraday Cage to completely shield an EMP is
15,000,000 Siemens per meter. Steel has a conductivity of only 7,000,000 S/m so it is not
conductive enough to effectively attenuate all EMP frequencies. Aluminum has a
conductivity of 35,000,000 S/m and copper 60,000,000 S/m so both materials are very well
suited for a Faraday Cage to effectively shield EMP.
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S-SERIES BOMB SHELTER Floor Space, Volume, Buoyancy and Counter Buoyancy
NORAD SHELTER SIZE
FLOOR SPACE FT2
VOLUME FT3 BUOYANCY LBS
COUNTER BUOYANCY 70 LBS/FT3 EARTH
S12 WALL 96 1,128 70,387 89,040 S16 WALL 128 1,424 88.858 126.560 S24 WALL 192 2,084 130,042 165,760 S30 WALL 240 2,555 159,432 228,480
The NORAD S-Series Shelters were designed using CAD (computer aided drafting),
CAE (Computer Aided Engineering), and FEAM (3-Dimensional Finite Element analysis
and Modeling). The structural shape of the NORAD S-Series Shelter allows it to be a
true pressure vessel for resistance to high external pressure.
Bomb Shelter Foundation The NORAD S-Series shelters use a steel foundation. This is a faster to install and a
more structurally stable design that is more resilient and can take greater ground shock
than reinforced concrete foundations. Steel is also a barrier for Radon and Methane gas
usually found in soils. The floor of the shelter is steel, not concrete, which eliminates the
need for a dehumidifier working 24 hours per day to keep the shelter dry. The steel
foundation has a gravity ledge to use submerged soil on top of the gravity ledge to resist
hydrostatic pressure in locations where the water table reaches the surface.
Bomb Shelter Solar or Diesel Generator Power The NORAD S-Series Shelters can be supplied with a 2 KW solar system with an
AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) battery bank. During peace time, a single solar panel
can maintain the battery bank. After an EMP event, the solar panel is considered
sacrificed and 8 solar panels that have been stored in the supplied EMP shielded
enclosure can be put in place to supply power indefinitely.
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The NORAD S Series Shelter can also be supplied with an internal 6.5 KW high speed
or a 10 KW slow speed water cooled diesel generator connected to an 800 gallon
aluminum diesel tank located in a sealed and pressurized generator room. The
tank is serviced by a circulating pump, filter and fill port to accept fuel, emulsifiers, and
fungicides. The generator is housed in an aluminum/nickel EMP shielded enclosure
meeting QQ-A-200/8, MIL-C-7438, MIL-T-10727 and MIL-188-125 EMP shielding and is
an isolated enclosure. The generator enclosure is vented through the shelter ceiling.
The generator room is a separate room pressurized with NBC filtered air. Diesel is also
useful if power is needed to supply to another structure such as a house to be used
after a disaster event. Shelter durations shown below are based on 16 – 24 hours/day
operation of the TV, DVD player, computer, radios etc.
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Bomb Shelter Geometry Efficiency
The military stopped using culverts and tanks for underground bomb shelters to protect
equipment and troops in the late 50’s due to structural issues from corrosion, design
issues since culverts were never designed to be used as a closed end structure, failure
mode, and space efficiency. The round structure proved to be inefficient for troops or
people to operate in for long periods. The floor spans are narrow, and the curved walls
make partitions, cabinets, and storage space hard to utilize. Underfloor storage is hard
to access and less than 30% efficient. The conventional tank or culvert is now only used
for civilian applications where the market is price sensitive and does not require
performance data. NORAD bomb shelters have 100% efficiency for both storage and
people with absolutely no under floor storage. All food, supplies, and toilet paper for
more than one year for many troops can be stored in the wall cavities not taking up any
floor space. The products stored in the walls are easy also to access and monitor.
Performance data is published for radiation doses from overhead, radiation doses from
the entranceway, pressure ratings at safe radiation doses, shelter durations based on
off-grid available power, monitored corrosion system protection, sanitation standards,
air filtration data, etc.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter EMP-Shielded AC/DC Inverter
Inverters convert DC power of the battery bank to 120 VAC power or house current.
The inverter/charger is located inside an aluminum/nickel EMP shielded enclosure
meeting QQ-A-200/8, MIL-C-7438, MIL-T-10727 and MIL-188-125 shielding.
Bomb Shelter Duration in Days
This table shows the relationship between the shelter’s elevation above sea level and
how long the diesel generator should last. For example, if the shelter is 2000 feet above
sea level and uses a 10 KW diesel engine at .4 gallons per hour (gph) for 4 hours a day,
expect generator fuel to last 465 days.
Shelter Duration
800 gallon diesel fuel tank 6 .5 KW Internal Diesel @ 75% load .4 gph x 4 hrs/day
Or 10 KW Internal Slow Speed Diesel @ 50% load .4 gph x 4 hours/day
Altitude – Feet Above Sea Level Shelter Duration Days
500 500
1000 483
2000 465
3000 448
4000 430
5000 413
6000 395
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Bomb Shelter Septic System The NORAD S-Series Bomb Shelter is normally connected to a 1000 gallon septic tank
with a leach chamber system size based on the percolation test. The septic system has
an indefinite duration just like that of a conventional house.
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S.E.A.M NBC Air Filtration, PATENT PENDING
The NORAD S-Series bomb shelter has two modern air filtration systems called SEAM
units (Severe Environment Air Module. One SEAM) unit is dedicated to the supplying
cooling and combustion air to the generator and one SEAM unit is dedicated to the
breathing air for life support. Each SEAM unit can be supplied as a dust filter only
version or full NBC air filtration version. The Dust filter version filter removes dust
particles to keep the shelter clean. This version is normally used for the storm shelter
models. For this version, the filter elements can come into direct contact with human
skin since the only contaminant is physical dust particles. The Nuclear-Biological-
Chemical or NBC version S.E.A.M. is a “Bag-In/Bag Out” NBC air filtration system
designed for long-term operation in severe NBC environments. The NBC filter housing
is made of stainless steel. The generator SEAM supplies NBC filtered air directly to the
generator room when the generator is operating. This system allows maintenance on a
generator that is free of NBC contamination since its combustion and cooling air is NBC
filtered air which is a military requirement. In order to qualify as a long-term NBC air
filtration system for more than 30 days, the HEPA and carbon trays have to be able to
be removed and replaced. The trays are replaced using a “bag in bag out” system so
there is no human contact with the contaminated filter elements. On the front side of the
filter housing is a vacuum dial gage which indicates when the filter is operating normally
and when the filters need to be changed.
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BOMB SHELTER BREATHING AIR OUTLET
The spent breathing air containing carbon dioxide, heat, moisture, and odors exits the shelter at the ceiling of the shelter at the opposite end to the SEAM air filtration system. The air outlet manifold contains a stainless steel screen to prevent insects from entering the shelter.
BOMB SHELTER AIR MANIFOLD SYSTEMS
S-Series shelters use cathodically protected heavy steel TRUSS Mushroom® Air Manifolds covered by US Patents Pending. One set is for the breathing air and one set is for the generator cooling and combustion air. The air manifolds are very low profile, low angle of incidence, and provide little surface area for flying debris to hit and traffic can run over these air manifolds. This design meets 100+ psi overpressure and -5 psi underpressure. (see Weapon Effects for Blast wind speeds at various overpressures) The air manifolds are designed for H20 or 20,000 lb. axle load running over the air manifolds with no damage or visual deflection. The intake breathing air manifold is more than 15 feet away from the generator exhaust air manifold meeting the ASHRAE 62 requirement for indoor air quality. This type of air manifold, low profile hatch, and TRS rating allow the NORAD shelters to be classified as a “Blast Shelter“. A common brick is shown for scale in the photo.
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HOT AIR FILTER CHANGE OUT PROTECTION
In the case where the shelter is located near a nuclear air, ground, or surface burst
detonation putting fallout into the atmosphere, any HEPA filter in any air filtration
system located in the shelter will become too radioactive and dangerous to the
shelterists to keep in the filter housing even though the vacuum gage may read normal.
The level of radioactivity in the filter comes from radioactive contaminants in
the HEPA filter tray which can be measured by a radiation meter by just standing in
front of the access doors and holding the radiation meter at the center of the access
cover. When the reading is above 1 rad/hr., the HEPA filter should be changed. Almost
all of the initial fallout will have fallen in the first 24 hours so changing the HEPA filters
should automatically be implemented after this period. Specific procedures are found in
the NORAD SHELTER OPERATOR MANUAL for replacing filter elements.
The SEAM system for life support is located at the far end of the shelter and supplies
40-200 cfm of fresh NBC filtered air and operates 24 hours per day. The air filtration
system consists of three stages of air filtration. The first stage is a HEPA filter to
remove physical particles that are 0.3 microns and larger at 99.99% efficiency. The
second filter tray is activated carbon to remove radioactive iodine gas and has a
minimum residence time of .25 seconds. The third filter tray is TEDA carbon to
remove chemical warfare agents with a minimum residence time of 0.25 seconds.
Each carbon tray weighs approximately 35 lbs. and any of the trays can be changed by
one person in approximately ten minutes. For extended Sealed Shelter
Atmosphere durations, a Lithium Hydroxide carbon scrubber tray can be used. One
Lithium Hydroxide tray will remove enough carbon dioxide for ten people to stay in the
shelter for approximately 24 hours. The top of the NBC filter housing has a gas agent
test port to test for chemical agents using the supplied Chemical Agent Test Kit. A
radiation survey meter is also supplied.
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BOMB SHELTER SEALED SHELTER ATMOSPHERE
When ground fires are present around the hatch, the air blower should not be turned
on to bring in fresh air. During this time, the shelterists must breathe in a sealed
shelter atmosphere. The safe duration time is based on a 3% carbon dioxide limit.
The time it takes for the shelter atmosphere to reach this limit is a function of the
number of shelterists, degree of physical activity of the shelterists, and the volume of
the shelter above the floor. Sealed Shelter Atmosphere graphs are provided for each
specific shelter. See NORAD S Emergency Operations brochure.
Bomb Shelter Storage Space The NORAD S SERIES SHELTER walls were designed to store 5 gallon buckets in
the wall cavity. Each 8 ft. section can store 48- 5 gallon buckets plus other items such
as books or No. 10 cans so no floor space is taken up by food or toilet paper storage.
A key feature of the NORAD S SERIES SHELTER is that it has enough floor space and
efficient wall geometry to allow equipment, such as shelving and furniture, to be
placed against the wall at the edge of the floor.
Bomb Shelter Water Supply The NORAD S-Series bomb shelter is designed to accept water from dedicated water
well powered by the shelter power system, not powered on the local power grid, to
prevent water pump damage from a HEMP weapon. A backup water pump can be kept
in the shelter in the EMP vault. There are also optional 2500 gallon underground
water tanks which supplies a six month duration for 6 people. NORAD does not supply
water. We supply the plumbing that uses the water and optional the tank and pump if a
well is not available.
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Bomb Shelter Seismic Joint The connection between the entranceway and the hull is made through a double axis
seismic joint. This allows the entranceway to move independently without overstressing
the hull end wall. The entranceway can be located within the frost line, while the shelter
is well below the frost line. This creates tremendous stresses during winter months
when the entranceway is forced up 0.5 – 1.25 inches due to frozen ground. The
seismic joint removes these stresses by allowing vertical and lateral movement of the
entranceway to maintain structural integrity during rolling ground motion from severe
ground shock.
Engineering Standards and Testing NORAD S-Series bomb shelters are built to the engineering standards set forth in “The
Principles of Protection: U.S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals And Shelter
Engineering Design Standards” NORAD S-Series shelters are tested by Finite Element
Analysis or FEA. This is a scientific method of using material properties and an actual
model that is broken up into small elements. Each element is loaded under a variety of
load conditions to confirm stress and deformation. FEA is how all aircraft and spacecraft
are tested because it is so incredibly accurate. Physical testing of underground shelters
was abandoned in the late 60’s in favor of FEA analysis which proved to be much more
accurate since it can simulate numerous different soil conditions.
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The 68 Degree 36 Inch Diameter Entranceway with 30 Inch. Diameter Hatch as Bomb Shelter Emergency Escape Entranceway
The 68 degree 36 inch diameter entranceway with a 30 inch diameter clear opening is
usually used for emergency escape and is connected to the shelter though a seismic
joint. The flush spring loaded steel hatch at ground level can be easily concealed. The
opening manhole allows large people to enter the shelter quickly. The hatch cover is
spring loaded to open and requires 10 lbs. of force to pull closed. The hatch can
withstand 350 mph winds and is designed to protect the shelter from a fire reaching
1700 deg F for one hour while maintaining its structural integrity in compliance to ASTM
E119. Although the hatch is not impenetrable, it is specifically de-signed to resist seven
basic assaults from people trying to break into the shelter in compliance to P.O.P.
45 DEGREE WALK-IN ENTRANCEWAY
The main entranceway is through a 72 inch diameter tunnel at a 45 degree angle
connected to the shelter through a seismic joint. The flush steel hatch at ground level
is aerodynamically smooth with a clear opening of 30 inches x 60 inches. There is
nothing for flying debris to hit and the hatch can withstand 350 mph winds and is
designed to protect the shelter from a fire reaching 1700 deg F for one hour while
maintaining its structural integrity in compliance to ASTM E119.
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Emergency Operations Centers and Corporate Continuity NORAD supplies Emergency Operations Centers (EOC) and Corporate Continuity Facilities by connecting together two or more emergency underground shelters. Instead of a hatch and entranceway, a connected end wall has a tunnel Connector leading to a pre-existing structure or another underground emergency shelter. Both end walls can be connected to other structures. Shelters can be chained together through Connector tunnels. The end units have entranceways and hatches for entering and exiting the chained structures. First responders and hospitals use EOC’s to give emergency care when surface conditions are too dangerous. Law enforcement uses them to coordinate police response to disasters and riots. Corporations use Corporate Continuity Facilities to maintain business operations during disasters and emergencies. An Emergency Operations Center can be as small as one shelter, which would not use a Connector. All other combinations of structures use Double or Tripod Connector tunnels to join the shelters together and to hospitals or offices.
Panic Rooms Homeowners and businesses can connect their shelters to their homes and offices using Connector tunnels. The Connector Tunnel allows the shelter to be used as a Panic Room. Individuals can escape to the tunnel and into the shelter. The shelter has several intruder protection features protecting shelterists once they are locked inside.
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S-Series Bomb Shelter Intruder Defenses
The NORAD S SERIES SHELTER is not impenetrable but is difficult to break into while shelterists are inside.
Intruder Assault Hatch and Air Manifold Resistance
Intruder trying to break into hatch using sledgehammer, hatchets, and guns
The steel hatch and air manifold resists hammer and hatchet assaults
Intruder trying to clog the air intake/outlet manifold to suffocate the shelterists thus forcing them outside
Shelterists can wait in safety in the shelter for many hours in sealed shelter atmosphere while the intruder is exposed to the outside danger.
Intruder trying to suffocate shelterists by creating a fire on top of the hatch or air manifold thus forcing the shelterists outside.
The hatch and air manifold are resistant to fire up to 1700 F. and the shelterists can breathe normally inside the shelter based on sealed shelter atmosphere.
An intruder trying to run over the shelter or hatch with an automobile or truck
A vehicle running over the hatch will not damage the hatch. If this vehicle becomes a threat. the Emergency Escape System can be used.
An intruder trying to drown shelterists by forcing water into the air inlet/out
The air inlet on the hatch are baffled to prevent this type of assault.
An intruder trying to attach rope onto the hatch or air manifolds to damage or pull it out of ground.
The hatch is a smooth design with no projections to easily attach to.
All attacks above Release of tear gas through hatch.
Details are reviewed in Owner’s Manual.
Bomb Shelter Internal Pressure Control (Blast Protection) 8 inch diameter stainless steel blast valves prevent protect occupants from over
pressure and under pressure. The valves are located inside the shelter where they can
be easily serviced. These valves are normally open, then close from blast overpressure
or negative pressure, maintaining the normal shelter atmosphere. The air inlet and
outlet openings are also sized to allow over pressure choking as a redundant system.
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Blast valves are located inside the shelter directly above the SEAM air filtration unit and
on the air outlet on the ceiling.
DIRECT EFFECTS OF OVER PRESSURE ON HUMANS NOT BEING HIT BY FLYING DEBRIS3
15-20 psi Ear drums rupture for persons 20+ years old
20-30 psi Severe lung damage
30-35 psi Eardrums rupture for persons <20 years
30-50 psi Lethal threshold
50-75 psi 50% fatalities
75-115 psi 100% fatalities
3PRINCIPLES of PROTECTION, U.S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Standards, Sixth Edition, 737 p., 243
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Bomb Shelter Plumbing System The NORAD bomb shelter plumbing package uses conventional plumbing materials
such as a flush toilet and a 1,000 gallon septic system.. The walls, doors and
siding are the same as found in a regular house. Storage is available in the kitchen and
bathroom cabinets. Instead of using a “porta potty” type toilet, the plumbing
package includes a standard conventional non-clog flush toilet. Waste is
automatically removed to the high-pressure septic system. The toilet room is kept
under negative pressure and vented so that its air is always fresh. The sewage
station can lift a 1,000 gallon septic tank 24 ft. The septic tank will be outfitted with
leach chambers based on the on-site percolation test.
Water Filter – A UV water filtration system filters at 0.5 microns with 99.999%
efficiency. Filtered water is used at the sink(s), shower, and toilet.
Stainless Steel Counter and Sink – The counter contains a large stainless steel utility
sink where dishes, clothes, and pets are washed.
Fittings – The shelter entranceway contains NPTF thru-hull couplings below ground
level, for plumbing and electrical connection to the water tank or well and bringing in
antenna lines or a phone line.
Shower – The fiberglass shower floor allows all water from the shower head to drain
into the sewage lift station. NBC decontamination is performed in this shower using the
supplied decontamination solution and spray bottle.
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Cooking – The S-Series solar shelters come with a single-burner methanol cooking
stove. The S-Series diesel-generator shelters come with an electric double burner
cooking stove. Both types of shelter come with a microwave oven.
Toilet – The toilet used is a conventional flush toilet draining into the sewage lift station
under the shower floor. The sewage is pumped up to the septic tank through an internal
and external hose.
Septic – The sink, shower, and toilet drain into a sewage lift station which transfers
sewage up to a high pressure septic system. The toilet room has a blower to keep the
toilet room in negative pressure venting all odors to the ground surface.
Bomb Shelter Emergency Communications Scanner and HAM Radio The communications center consists of a HAM radio and scanner radio mounted
inside a vented EMP aluminum shielded enclosure per MIL-STD-188-125, 25
ft. guyless antenna mast, and cables.
The Emergency Disaster Management Communications Package includes a
scanner for listening, and a HAM radio for two-way conversation. Shelterists can
manage and coordinate with personnel, troops, first responders and family. The
Communications Package includes the radios, their associated cables, antennas and
antenna mast. The package is standard in Military fallout shelters and optional in the
Civilian fallout shelters.
Many first responder agencies use HAM frequencies which makes having a HAM radio
inside the working fallout shelter likely form of outside communication.
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The HAM radio operates at 2M (meters) and 70 cm (centimeters) wavelengths. Allowed
communication on 2M and 70 cm includes FM Voice, RTTY (Radio Teletype), OSCAR
(Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio), SSB (Single Sideband) and CW
(Continuous Wave). The frequencies are used for local communication.
The underground fallout shelter HAM radio and scanner are mounted inside an EMP
vault, meeting MIL-STD-188-125. The communications systems will work after an
electromagnetic pulse, when all other forms of communication are almost definitely
down.
Bomb Shelter Radiation Shielding The protection factor (PF) of a shelter is the ratio of a radiation dose over smooth
ground which would be received by an unprotected person, compared to the dose that
would be received by a person in a sheltered location. For example, a PF of 40 means
that a person would receive 1/40th the radiation in a shelter compared to the radiation
that he would receive unprotected. A PF of 100 = 1/100th. This is the fraction of
radiation that a shelterist would receive from overhead (not accounting for radiation
entered through the entranceway). The PF alone should never be used to determine
the radiation entering a blast shelter since most of the radiation entering a shelter
comes from the entranceway.. The Half Value Layer Thickness (HVL) is the
material thickness required to reduce the radiation dose to half. Earth has an HVL of
5.5 inches and concrete has an HVL of 4.7 inches will reduce the radiation dose to
half. NORAD shelters have a gamma protection factor of 8,192 and a neutron
protection factor of 32,768.
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Nuclear Bomb Protection A shelterist in the NORAD S-Series Shelter under heavy, direct effects from two 1-MT
nuclear weapons, has at least the same probability of survival (99.7%) as a person
living and working in peacetime.
Radiation shielding from overhead in the NORAD S-Series Shelter is provided by 72
inches of earth at the crown of the shelter ceiling. With a TRS (Total Rems in Shelter at
the shelter entrance) of 3 rems at 10 psi (0.9 miles from GZ of a 100 KT weapon), the
shelterist would be safe. This 30 day dose is based on a 100 KT burst to estimate
radioactive fallout and a 500 KT air burst to estimate entranceway radiation (See
of PRINCIPLES of PROTECTION, U.S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals and
Shelter Engineering Standards, Sixth Edition, 737 pp, 2013).
Based on the worst cancer cases (leukemia) from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki victims,
a 10-rem dose may increase the cancer rates from the current rate of 352/100,000 up
to 355/100,000. It should be kept in mind that the Hiroshima victims were totally
unprepared and uneducated. They were malnourished and already suffering from many
diseases during a critical wartime period where food, medical supplies, and other
necessities were in short supply. In addition, they were not only exposed to heavy,
acute external radiation doses but also internal radiation doses from eating
contaminated food and inhaling radioactive fallout. Educated shelterists can avoid such
damaging effects and can determine the radiation levels with a simple radiation survey
meter supplied with the NORAD S SERIES SHELTER along with a chemical agent
detection kit.
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GAMMA AND NEUTRON RADIATION DOSES COMBINED IN REMS INSIDE A SHELTER BASED ON EARTH COVER
100 KT SURFACE BURST Dist. GZ MSD 0.5 MI 0.6 MI 0.7 MI 0.8 MI 0.9 MI 1 MI 10 MI 25 MI 50 MI 100
MI Overpressure
psi 200 30 21 15 12 10 8 0 0 0 0
Initial Gamma rems
25,000 25,000 10,000 4,500 2,000 1,200 500 0 0 0 0
Fallout Gamma rems
9,554 9,554 9,554 9,554 9,554 9,554 9,554 5,800 3,800 375 100
Neutron rems 1,000,000 80,000 25,000 15,000 7,000 4,000 1,600 0 0 0 0
Earth-inch
5.5 517,277 57,277 22,277 14,527 9,277 7,377 5,827 2,900 1,900 188 50
11.0 258,639 28,639 11,139 7,264 4,639 3,689 2,914 1,450 950 94 25
16.5 129,319 14,319 5,569 3,632 2,319 1,844 1,457 725 475 47 13
22.0 64,660 7,160 2,785 1,816 1,160 922 728 363 238 23 6
27.5 32,330 3,580 1,392 908 580 461 364 181 119 12 3
33.0 8,353 1,165 501 337 236 199 170 91 59 6 2
38.5 4,176 583 251 169 117 100 85 45 30 3 1
44.0 2,088 291 125 84 59 50 42 23 15 1 0
49.5 1,044 145 62 42 30 25 22 11 7 1 0
55.0 522 73 31 21 14 13 11 6 4 0 0
60.5 261 37 16 11 8 6 5 3 2 0 0
66.0 69 18 7 5 3 3 2 1 1 0 0
71.5 35 6 3 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
77.0 17 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
82.5 9 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
88.0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93.5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
99.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
104.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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100 KT SURFACE BURST Dist. GZ MSD 0.5 MI 0.6 MI 0.7 MI 0.8 MI 0.9 MI 1 MI 10 MI 25 MI 50 MI 100
MI 110.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
115.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
121.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION, The US Handbook of NBC Weapons Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Design Standards, 6th edition, 2013, Walton McCarthy M.E. Brown Books.
Effects Rems
50% Lethal 200-450
radiation sickness 50-200
blood effect 25-50
safe 0-25
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Bomb Shelter Installation Rights U.S. citizens have a legal right to install a shelter. Under the second amendment of
the United States Constitution, U.S. citizens are guaranteed the right to bear arms to
provide protection in life threatening situations. Tornadoes, earthquakes, nuclear,
biological, and chemical warfare fall under this amendment as life threatening forces.
A disaster shelter falls under this classification as a defensive arm. The NORAD S
shelters are considered a temporary structure that can be unbolted and redeployed to
another location.
Bomb Shelter Warranty NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS LLC® Warranties that the structural parts of
the NORAD S-Series Bomb Shelter will not fail for 30, 40, or 50 years provided that 1)
the shelter is properly assembled and backfilled, 2) the shelter is not exposed to
excessive overpressure, 3) The structural parts of the shelter are not modified. 4) the
shelter is maintained in compliance to the NORAD S SERIES SHELTER SYSTEMS’s
Operator’s Manual 5) No structures are built over or near the shelter without a written
approval from NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS based on engineering requirements.
NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS is continuously improving its designs and therefore
reserves the right to change any specification without notice. We shall not be liable for
any indirect or consequential damages, labor, or installation costs for any claim.
GENERAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS
1. The customer signs a Sales Agreement with NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS LLC® to
manufacture and deliver the shelter system.
2. The customer hires a contractor to dig a hole according to the supplied excavation
plan. If the shelter is installed in a flood zone, the shelter should be installed by
berming so the hatch is at least one foot above the 100-year flood plain or storm
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surge. Berming can also be used if the shelter is installed in a location which has
ledge.
3. The shelter sections are shipped to the job sight. All of the NORAD S SERIES
SHELTERS are legal in width, length, and height and do not require overdimension
permits.
4. The steel sections are craned into place.
5. The shelter sections are bolted and gasketed together.
6. The entranceway and emergency escape are lifted onto the end walls and bolted
with gaskets.
7. The corrosion protection system is connected
8. The shelter is partially backfilled.
9. The external air ducts and air manifolds are installed
10. The septic system is installed.
11. The well is connected
12. The shelter final backfilled is completed.
13. The ground around the shelter is rough graded.
14. Fuel is delivered to the shelter if gen option is chosen
15. The internal walls are erected.
16. The electric and plumbing are completed.
17. NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS supervisor will run through Alpha trials with customer.
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BOMB SHELTER EMERGENCY ESCAPE
In the event that heavy debris falls on the hatch cover and the radios are not able to
bring help to clear the hatch, emergency escape procedures can be implemented. The
NORAD S-Series bomb shelter uses a manually operated mechanical jack to force the
hatch open. The 18 inch long handle will require 50 lbs. downward force to generate
16,000 pounds of uplifting force.
BOMB SHELTER HATCH EXTERIOR AND LOCK
The NORAD S-Series bomb shelter hatch opens from the outside with a special
mechanical key that cannot be made from a locksmith. When the shelter is unoccupied,
a mechanical hasp and padlock is used. When the shelter is entered, the hasp and
padlock are taken into the shelter. When inside the shelter, the hatch can be closed by
turning a dog lever and inserting a locking pin. The hatch cover is designed to resist 5
PSI negative pressure (5,000 lbs.) of uplifting force caused by the negative pressure of
a tornado or explosion and 40 PSI (20,000 lbs.) of overpressure. The average time it
takes for untrained or inexperienced people to enter the shelter is approximately 5-10
seconds per person.
Connectors Join Emergency Shelters to Homes, Office Buildings, Hospitals and Other Emergency Shelters
Emergency shelters join to other emergency shelters and to existing structures using
NORAD Connector tunnels. A connector port with a seismic joint is standard on end
walls in both Military and Civilian underground emergency shelter models. Each shelter
has two end walls. Each end wall will be configured as a closed port, a hatch and
entranceway, or as a Connector tunnel to another structure.
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Using Bomb Shelters, People Can Be Prepared for
Nuclear War "Between 2000 and 2010, presidents of the United States have signed 612 major disaster declarations for territories in the United States. This has averaged more than five major disasters each month, affecting many thousands of people who were unfamiliar with and/or unprepared for disasters." Walton McCarthy, M.E., The Principles of Protection
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NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS LLC® +1 (972) 913-6882 675 Town Square Boulevard Garland, TX 75040 Use Contact Form
LEGAL NOTICES
SYSTEMS AWARDS MANAGEMENT (SAM) NO. 080415980. US Patents Issued and Pending. NORAD Shelter Systems LLC® products are ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) Regulated as Defense Articles listed on the United States Munitions List (USML) and require export licenses from the US Department of Defense when shipped outside of the United States. COPYRIGHT © ALL RIGHTS RESERVED NORAD SHELTER SYSTEMS LLC® a Division of MSCG and THE WINEGARD GROUP. Some images depict customer-supplied and/or optional items.