propeller powered car v3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or"...

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© 2011 Watsonville Environmental Science Workshop. All Rights Reserved worldwide. When linking to or using WESW content, images, or videos, credit MUST be included. PropellerPowered Car Category: Physics: Electricity & Magnetism; Force & Motion Type: Make & Take Rough Parts List: How To: Drill 4 holes into the craft stick. Loop a paperclip around 1 of the brass tacks. 1 Craft Stick 4 Car wheels 2 Straws 2 Skewer sticks 1 Motor 1 Card stock or playing card for propeller 1 Piece of hot glue stick, ¼” long 1 Material for propeller platform 1 Electrical wire 2 Brass tacks 1 Paper clip 1 9V battery 1 9V battery snaps 1 Plastic bottle, optional 1 Bamboo skewer, optional 1 Small piece of paper, optional Scissors Rubber bands Hot glue gun

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Page 1: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

Propeller-­‐Powered  Car  

Category:    Physics:  Electricity  &  Magnetism;                                                                                                          Force  &  Motion  

Type:  Make  &  Take    Rough  Parts  List:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How  To:  

 

 

   

Drill  4  holes  into  the  craft  stick.    

  Loop  a  paperclip  around    1  of  the  brass  tacks.  

 

1   Craft  Stick  4   Car  wheels  2   Straws  2   Skewer  sticks  1   Motor  1   Card  stock  or  playing  card  for  

propeller  1   Piece  of  hot  glue  stick,  ¼”  long  1   Material  for  propeller  platform  1   Electrical  wire  2   Brass  tacks  1     Paper  clip  1   9V  battery  1   9V  battery  snaps  1   Plastic  bottle,  optional  1   Bamboo  skewer,  optional  1   Small  piece  of  paper,  optional     Scissors               Rubber  bands     Hot  glue  gun  

Page 2: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

 

 

 Insert  brass  tacks  into  the  2  center  holes  in  the  craft  stick.    This  is  called  the  “stitch”.  

 

  Use  a  rubber  band  to  attach    a  9V  batter  snap  to  the  craft  stick.  

 

 

 

           Connect  1  battery  wire  to  a  brass  tack.     Cut  a  propeller.    

 

 

   

Make  a  propeller  from  a  piece  of  plastic  or  cardstock  glued  to  a  piece  of  hot  glue.  

  Attached  the  electrical  wires  to  the  motor.      Solder  is  shown  here,  but  you  can  

 just  twist  them  on  too.    

Page 3: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

 

 

 

Build  a  platform  and  put  the  propeller  on  it.     Connect  one  electrical  wire  from    the  motor  to  the  bottom  of  the  brass    

tack  that  is  not  connected  to  the  battery.    Connect  the  loose  battery  wire  to  

 the  loose  electrical  wire  on  the  motor.          

 

 

 Insert  a  skewer  into  each  straw.     Attach  wheels  onto    

the  ends  of  each  skewer.    

Page 4: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

 

 

 Glue  the  straws  onto  the  bottom  of  the  car.     Swing  the  paperclip  around    

to  connect  the  2  brass  tacks    and  send  electricity  to  the  motor.  

 

 

 To  decorate  your  car,  cut  the    center  ring  of  a  plastic  bottle  

 and  wrap  it  around  the  propeller.      

  Cut  the  paper  into  the  shape  of  a  flag    and  attach  it  onto  the  bamboo  skewer    

to  make  a  flag.  

               

Fine  Points:  → The  materials  used  to  build  this  car  should  be  very  lightweight.  → The  2  center  holes  in  the  craft  stick  should  be  drilled  about  a  paperclip’s  distance  apart  so  that  the  

paperclip  can  close  the  circuit  for  battery  power.  → The  key  to  making  the  car  move  is  to  have  as  little  friction  as  possible.  The  vehicle  should  be  

designed  to  minimize  friction  between  the  car,  its  wheels,  and  the  ground.  → This  car  will  move  much  easier  on  a  smooth  surface.    

Concepts  Involved:    • Forces  • Friction  • Newton’s  Laws  of  Motion:  

−  An  object  at  rest  will  remain  at  rest  unless  acted  on  by  an  unbalanced  force.                                                                        An  object  in  motion  continues  in  motion  with  the  same  speed  and  in  the                                                                                                same  direction  unless  acted  upon  by  an  unbalanced  force.  

Page 5: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

−  Acceleration  is  produced  when  a  force  acts  on  a  mass.  The  greater  the  mass                                                                                  of  the  object  being  accelerated  the  greater  the  amount  of  force  needed  to                                                                        accelerate  the  object.  

− For  every  action,  there  is  an  equal  and  opposite  reaction.  

Elaboration:  Without  an  engine,  this  car  relies  entirely  upon  a  propeller  to  move  it  around.    Newton’s  Laws  of  Motion  help  us  to  understand  how  propeller-­‐based  cars  move.  Newton’s  1st  Law  says  that  an  object  at  rest  will  remain  at  rest  unless  acted  on  by  an  unbalanced  force.  When  sitting  on  flat  ground,  the  propeller-­‐based  car  needs  the  force  from  a  propeller  to  move  it  around.    After  the  propeller  has  been  turned  on  and  the  car  has  started  moving,  it  will  keep  moving  until  it  hits  a  wall  or  hits  some  high  higher  friction.        The  car’s  speed  is  influenced  by  the  amount  of  friction  created  between  its  wheels  and  the  ground.    If  the  car  is  moving  on  a  rough,  bumpy  surface  or  if  its  wheels  are  uneven,  friction  will  slow  down  the  car.    If  the  car  is  moving  on  a  smooth  surface  and  its  wheels  are  even  and  smooth,  the  car  will  move  faster.    This  propeller-­‐based  car  moves  quickly  because  it  is  made  of  lightweight  material.    If  it  were  made  of  heavier  wood  or  metal,  a  more  power  would  be  needed  to  accelerate  the  car  at  the  same  rate  as  the  lightweight  model.  Newton’s  2nd  law  explains  that  the  greater  the  mass  of  the  object  being  accelerated,  the  greater  the  amount  of  force  needed  to  accelerate  the  object.    Newton’s  3rd  Law  tells  us  that  for  every  action,  there  is  an  equal  and  opposite  reaction.  The  propeller  of  the  car  has  been  set  up  so  that  when  it  moves,  it  throws  air  behind  the  car.  The  action  of  the  propeller  creates  an  equal  and  opposite  reaction  pushing  the  car  forward.      

Links  to  k-­‐8  California  State  Standards:  Grades  k-­‐8  Standard  Set  Investigation  and  Experimentation  Scientific  progress  is  made  by  asking  meaningful  questions  and  conducting  careful  investigations.    As  a  basis  for  understanding  this  concept  and  addressing  the  content  in  the  other  strands,  students  should  develop  their  own  questions  and  perform  investigations.      Grades  k-­‐12  Mathematical  Reasoning:  1.0  Students  make  decisions  about  how  to  approach  problems:  1.1  Analyze  problems  by  identifying  relationships,  distinguishing  relevant  from  irrelevant  information,    

sequencing  and  prioritizing  information,  and  observing  patterns.  1.2  Determine  when  and  how  to  break  a  problem  into  simpler  parts.      2.0  Students  use  strategies,  skills,  and  concepts  in  finding  solutions:  2.1  Use  estimation  to  verify  the  reasonableness  of  calculated  results.  2.2  Apply  strategies  and  results  from  simpler  problems  to  more  complex  problems.  2.3  Use  a  variety  of  methods,  such  as  words,  numbers,  symbols,  charts,  graphs,  tables,  diagrams,  and    

models,  to  explain  mathematical  reasoning.  2.5  Indicate  the  relative  advantages  of  exact  and  approximate  solutions  to  problems  and  give  answers  to    

a  specified  degree  of  accuracy.    3.0  Students  move  beyond  a  particular  problem  by  generalizing  to  other  situations:    3.1  Evaluate  the  reasonableness  of  the  solution  in  the  context  of  the  original  situation.  3.2  Note  the  method  of  deriving  the  solution  and  demonstrate  a  conceptual  understanding  of  the    

Page 6: Propeller Powered Car V3a"propeller"froma"piece"of"plastic"or" cardstockgluedtoapieceofhotglue. "" Attachedtheelectricalwirestothemotor."" " ... Propeller Powered Car V3.docx

©  2011  Watsonville  Environmental  Science  Workshop.  All  Rights  Reserved  worldwide.    When  linking  to  or  using  WESW  content,  images,  or  videos,  credit  MUST  be  included.  

derivation  by  solving  similar  problems.  3.3  Develop  generalizations  of  the  results  obtained  and  apply  them  in  other  circumstances.    Grade  2  Standard  Set  1.  Physical  Sciences  The  motion  of  objects  can  be  observed  and  measured.    1.a.  Students  know  the  position  of  an  object  can  be  described  by  locating  it  in  relation  to  another  object  or  to  the  background.  1.b  Students  know  machines  and  living  things  convert  stored  energy  to  motion  and  heat.  1.c.  Students  know  the  way  to  change  how  something  is  moving  is  by  giving  it  a  push  or  pull.  The  size  of  the  change  is  related  to  the  strength,  or  the  amount  of  force,  of  the  push  or  pull.      Grade  3  Standard  Set  1:  Physical  Sciences  (Energy  and  Matter)  Energy  and  matter  have  multiple  forms  and  can  be  changed  from  one  form  to  another.  1.b  Students  know  sources  of  stored  energy  take  many  forms,  such  as  food,  fuel,  and  batteries.    1.c.  Students  know  machines  and  living  things  convert  stored  energy  to  motion  and  heat.    1.d.  Students  know  energy  can  be  carried  from  one  place  to  another  by  waves,  such  as  water  waves  and  sound  waves,  by  electric  current,  and  by  moving  objects.      Grade  4  Standard  Set  1:  Physical  Sciences  Electricity  and  magnetism  are  related  effects  that  have  many  useful  applications  in  everyday  life.    1.a.  Students  know  how  to  design  and  build  simple  series  and  parallel  circuits  by  using  components  such  as  wires,  batteries,  and  bulbs.          1.g  Students  know  electrical  energy  can  be  converted  to  heat,  light,  and  motion.      Grade  8  Physical  Standards    Standard  Set  2.  Forces:  Unbalanced  forces  cause  changes  in  velocity.      2.a.  Students  know  a  force  has  both  direction  and  magnitude.    2.c.  Students  know  when  the  forces  on  an  object  are  balanced,  the  motion  of  the  object  does  not  change.    2.d.  Students  know  how  to  identify  separately  the  two  or  more  forces  that  are  acting  on  a  single  static  object,  including  gravity,  elastic  forces  due  to  tension  or  compression  in  matter,  and  friction.  2.f.  Students  know  the  greater  the  mass  of  an  object,  the  more  force  is  needed  to  achieve  the  same  rate  of  change  in  motion.      Grade  9-­‐12  Physics  Standard  Set  1.  Motion  &  Forces  Newton’s  laws  predict  the  motion  of  most  objects.  1.d  Students  know  that  when  one  object  exerts  a  force  on  a  second  object,  the  second  object  always  exerts    

a  force  of  equal  magnitude  and  in  the  opposite  direction  (Newton’s  Third  Law)  1.f  Students  know  applying  a  force  to  an  object  perpendicular  to  the  direction  of  its  motion  causes  the      

object  to  change  direction  but  not  speed.