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STUDENT'S NAME

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BOOK 1WORKING IN A LABORATORYWORKING IN A LABORATORY

Produced byHelen O'Reilly and Jackie Pierce

Aug.2008©

WORKING IN A LABORATORY

PURPOSE: TO DEVELOP THE STUDENTS PRACTICAL SKILLS FOR ALL THE SCIENCE MODULES

AIMS: TO ENABLE STUDENTS TO DEVELOP BASIC PRACTICAL SKILLS AND SAFE WORKING PRACTICES IN THE LABORATORY

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SCIENCE

KEY ASSIGNMENTS Introduction to science . . .

Safety in the lab worksheet □ □

Lab equipment . . . Name and function □ Using the electronic balance. Recording results □ Parts of the microscope,

Its use with slides – drawings □ □©

Acids and Bases, pH using universal indicator paper-write up □

□

Using a pH meter to find pH – write up □ Use of the Bunsen Burner/Hot plate – write up □ Lab thermometer -

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To measure the temperature of water as it cools - Write up □

□

Hazard symbols – their use □ Transferring liquids safely – write up □ Location of the following safety equipment

Fire extinguisher, Fire blanket, First Aid kit, Eye wash bottle □

First Aid Lessons – written report □

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WORKING IN A LABORATORY

1 Introduction to science . . . Safety in the lab worksheet

Laboratory Safety Rules Do not enter the lab if your teacher is not

there Listen and follow your teacher’s

instructions Always wear safety glasses for

experiments

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Wear rubber gloves when using chemicals Long hair must be tied back Make sure you understand how to do your

experiment If you are not sure ask your teacher Do not eat/drink in the lab Do not put any chemicals in your mouth Report any accidents to your teacher Remain seated at your bench unless

working in groups School bags, coats and scarves must be placed

on the side benches Learn the Hazard symbols

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Hazard symbols

flammable radioactive

corrosive oxidising

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harmful explosive

toxic

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The picture shows an unsafe lab. Match each danger with its letter from the diagram to get some good advice about safety1 Missing fire

extinguisher8 Broken glass

2 Food in lab 9 Thermometer near edge of bench

3 Poison press unlocked 10 Stool in the way4 Bottle of acid too high 11 Bunsen tube attached5 Fire exit blocked 12 Beaker at edge of tripod6 Spilt liquid 13 Drawer open7 Bunsen burner near

curtains14 Books on stool

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14B Y

2 Lab equipment . . . Name and function

1 NAME 2 NAME

USE USE

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3 NAME 4 NAME

USE USE

5 NAME 6 NAMEUSE USE

7 NAME 8 NAME

USE USE

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9 NAME 10 NAMEUSE USE

11 NAME 12 NAME

USE USE

13 NAME 14 NAME

USE USE

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15 NAME 16 NAME

USE USE

17 NAME 18 NAME

USE USE

3 Using the electronic balance. Recording results

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Parts of the balance On/off button Zero button Pan – holds the object Digital display – tells us the number of grams in the object

Experiment To use an electronic balance Switch on the balance Zero it if necessary Place the object in the centre of the pan Write down the number of grams in the object (mass) Repeat using any 8 objects in your pencil case Fill in the table below

©object Estimate/guess Mass in grams1

2

3

4

10

5

6

7

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Conclusion:

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4. Parts of the

microscope, its use with slides – drawings

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Part of the microscope What it doesEyepiece

Coarse focus knob

Fine focus knob

Light source

Stage

Objective lens

Magnification – means by how much a microscope can make things bigger. For example if the eye piece has X10 and the objective lens has X40 then the object is being made to look 400times bigger than it really is.

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Label the parts of the microscope

USING THE MICROSCOPE WITH PREPARED SLIDES

Remove the plastic cover from the microscope carefully Plug it in and switch on the socket and the microscope Click the low power objective lens (smallest one) into position Look into the eye piece and make sure you can see a light

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Place a prepared slide on the stage under the objective lens Gently turn the coarse focus knob until the stage is as high as

possible Looking through the eye piece turn the coarse focus knob until

the slide becomes visible

Use the fine focus knob to make what you can see very clear Draw what you can see in the box below

Cheek cells viewed under a microscope

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5. Acids and Bases, pH using universal indicator

All substances can be classified into acids/bases/neutral substances

An indicator is a substance that tells us if a substance is acid/base/neutral by changing colour

pH scale is a scale of numbers 0-14 and it is used to tell us how strong an acid /base is.

Acids have pH of between 0-6 Bases have a pH of between 8-14 Neutral substances have a pH of 7

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Experiment: To find the pH of everyday substances

List of equipment and Materials I will need 7 test tubes everyday chemicals universal indicator paper spatula test tube rack

Method / how I carried out the experiment 1) Put 7 test tubes in the rack 2) Label the test tubes 1-73) Add 2cm3 of each chemical to the test tubes4) Add a piece of indicator paper to each test tube5) Note the colour change and record the exact pH6) Fill in the table below7) Complete write-up

©Results of the experimentsubstance Colour of paper pH

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LEAVING CERTIFICATE APPLIED SCIENCEMODULE: SCIENCE & HEALTH

Student’s name ___________________ Date______

Laboratory Experiment __________________________________________________________________________________

Why I am doing this experiment __________________________________________________________________________________

List of equipment and materials I will need_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How I carried out the experiment in point form_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Results of the experimentsubstance Colour of paper pH

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ConclusionWhat I have learnt from this experiment______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Draw:

______________________________________________________________

What I would change if I were doing this experiment again____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ReflectionWhat I enjoyed about the experiment____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What I disliked about the experiment____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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6 Using a pH meter to find pH – write up

Parts of the pH meter on/off switch display pH input electrode

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distilled water container

Method/Steps for using the pH meter1. Attach the electrode to the pH input2. Switch on the meter3. Remove electrode from distilled water4. Gently place the electrode in the sample

of tap water to be tested5. Record the pH from the display6. Rinse the electrode in distilled water 7. Return the electrode to the distilled water

container8. Switch off the meter and disconnect the

electrode9. Return the meter and electrode to their

containers 10. Complete write up

©LEAVING CERTIFICATE APPLIED SCIENCEMODULE: SCIENCE & HEALTH




List of equipment and materials I will need_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Results of my experiment______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ConclusionWhat I have learnt from this experiment______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Draw:

______________________________________________________________




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7 Use of the Bunsen Burner/Hot plate – write up

Parts of the Bunsen Burner

Flame Chimney Collar Base Rubber tubing Air hole

Experiment : To use a Bunsen burner carefullyMethod

1. Make sure the rubber tubing is attached to the gas tap

2. Check that the air hole is half open3. Light the match4. Press down on the gas tap and turn on5. Place the lighted match over the chimney

and light6. If the flame does not light, turn off the gas

tap and start again.7. Complete write up

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ConclusionWhat I have learnt from this experiment____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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Draw:



©8 Lab thermometer -

To measure the temperature of water as it cools -write up

Parts of the thermometer Stem Scale Line of dyed alcohol Bulb

Remember It will break easily Never put in your mouth

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Hold the bulb in your hand – this is the temperature of your hand

Each space is a degree Celsius When you leave the thermometer on the desk this is

room temperature

Experiment: To measure the temperature of hot water as it cools over 8 minutes

Method1. Fill a beaker half full with water

from the hot tap2. Measure the temperature with

the thermometer3. Record your result4. Wait for 2 minutes and measure

the temperature again5. Record your result6. Record temperature readings for

8 minutes altogether7. Fill in the table below and

complete write up8. Draw a graph of temperature against time on the

squared paper

Time( minutes) Temperature(degrees Celsius)

0

2

4

6

8

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Results of my experiment:

Time( minutes) Temperature(degrees Celsius)

0

2

4

6

8

Graph results:

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Draw:

©ConclusionWhat I have learnt from this experiment____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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©9.Hazard symbols – their use – POSTER

Are international symbols Warn us of the dangers of certain

materials Are understood by people who cannot

read

Hazard symbols

flammable radioactive

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corrosive

oxidising

harmful

explosive toxic

corrosive – can burn /irritate skinharmful – can damage your healthtoxic – poisonous if breathed in/swallowedflammable – can catch fire easilyexplosive – can explodeoxidising – releases oxygen and will burn easilyradioactive – gives off radiation

Match the symbol with its correct meaningsymbol meaningFlammable PoisonousHarmful Releases a lot of heatCorrosive Causes a rash/sicknessToxic May explode

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Explosive Catches fire easilyOxidising Burns skin

Prepare a poster to show any 3 of the hazard symbols and their meaning

©10 Transferring liquids safely – write up

Method1. Collect a beaker of coloured liquid

Carefully pour it into a measuring cylinder and record how many mls of liquid you have.

mls of liquid =

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2. Place the filter funnel in the conical flask

3. pour the liquid in

4. Repeat this procedure without spilling.5. Complete write up

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ConclusionWhat I have learnt from this experiment____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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Draw:



©11. Location of the following safety equipment:-

Fire extinguisher, Fire blanket, First Aid kit, Eye wash bottle

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©12.First Aid Lessons – written report

Assessment and accident scene management Making an accident report Contents of first aid kit Treatment of minor burns Treatment of chemicals in the eye – eye wash

bottle Treatment of minor cuts The control of bleeding The recovery position The management of obstructed airways

What did I learn?

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