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Fall 2013 Semester vii

Dr lehaz kakakhelAIR UNIVERSITY

ISLAMABAD

ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ENGINEERING

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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING AND AUTOMATION

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BK. SIGUNTANG TALANG RATU SEDUDUK PUTIH

BOOM BARU

BUNGARAN SEI KEDUKAN

KERAMASAN

SEI JUARO

10 MVA70 / 12 KV

15 MVA70 / 12 KV

20 KV 12 KV

70 KV

TACSR 120 mm2 = 7,2 Km

1 x 10 MVA70 / 20 KV

20 KV12 KV

1 x 5 MVA70 / 12 KV

2 x 5 MVA70 / 12 KV

TACSR 120 mm2 = 4,7 Km

PLTG2 x 14,5 MW1 X 21,5 MW

PLTU2 x 12,5 MW

10 MVA70 / 12 KV

15 MVA70 / 12 KV

2 x 100 MVA150 / 12 KV

70 KV

150 KV

70 KV

70 KV

1 x 15 MVA70 / 12 KV

1 x 15 MVA70 / 12 KV

TACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 7,2 km ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 4,2 Km

70 KV 70 KV 70 KV 70 KV

5 MVA70 / 12 KV

12 KV12 KV 12 KV

5 MVA70 / 12 KV

10 MVA70 / 12 KV

10 MVA70 / 12 KV

15 MVA70 / 20 KV

30 MVA70 / 20 KV

ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 10,1 Km ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 10,8 Km

70 KV

1 x 20 MVA70 / 12 KV

12 KV 20 KV

1 x 10 MVA70 / 20 KV

1 x 16 MVA12 / 6,3 KV

PLTG 1 x 14 MW

1 x 100 MVA150 / 70 KV

IBT

IBT

70 KV

150 KV

BORANG

NGR 133

PLTD2 x 12,5 MW

20 KV 20 KV

15 MVA70 / 20 KV

15 MVA70 / 20 KV

20 KV20 KV

ACSR

2 X

120

mm

2 =

3,5

Km ACSR 120 m

m2 = 12,168 Km

(Kabel Air = 1,832 Km)

NGR

PT PLN (PERSERO)UPT

SUMBAGSEL

AktivitasDigambarDiperiksaDisetujuiUkuran

Nama Tanggal Paraf

UPT PALEMBANGLokasi

Ir.Zainal Abidin

SINGLE LINE SISTEM 70 kVPALEMBANG

UPT PALEMBANG

Engineering

Yayang, Aht

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GARDU INDUK SEDUDUK PUTIH

PT PLN (PERSERO)UPT

PALEMBANG

AktivitasDigambarDiperiksaDisetujuiUkuran

A4

Nama Tanggal Paraf

Lokasi : TRAGI BOOM BARU

800 A 800 A 800 A 800 A

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

10 KA 82 KV

TRAFO 15 MVAFUJI ELECTRIC69/11,5 KVImp. Voltage : 7,49 %Vector Group :YNd 5

69/20TRAFO 30 MVAUNINDO- 70/20 KVImp. Voltage : 11,42 %Vector Group : YNYn0/yNd5

150 / 5 A

10 KA 82 KV

1.000 / 5 A

200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA

PIPIT KUTILANG KASUARI MERAK PERKUTUT

REL I ( CUBICLE 12 kV FUJI / BREAKER FUJI )

REL 20 KV

100 / 5 A

100 KVA12 / 0,4 KV

REL I 70 KV

REL II 70 KV

BMBRU II BMBRU IBORANG II BORANG I

PS.GI

800 A 800 A

SF. 61250 A25 kA

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

10 KA

0,113

113

0,113

0,113

693

0,113

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

Line TrapPhase : S

TRATU I

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

OCB800 A12,5 kA

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

TRATU II

0,113

693

0,113

VCB1250 A25 kA

1.200 / 5 A

LA 10 kA

10 KA

10 KA

CENDRAWASIH MURAY MERPATI WALET

0,113

693

0,113

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

0,113

693

0,113

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

OCB800 A

12,5 kA

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

Line TrapPhase : S

0,113

693

0,113

OCB800 A

12,5 kA

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

0,113

693

0,113

150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A

800 A

OCB800 A

12,5 kA

800 A

PMS Tanah

10 KA82 KV

800 A

Line TrapPhase : S

0,113

693

0,113

OCB800 A

12,5 kA

200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A

0,113

693

0,113

OCB1200 A36,1 kA

OCB1200 A36,1 kA

1000/5 A

200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

OCB600 A36,1 kA

300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A

PARKIT BEO

0,113

113

0,113

REL II ( CUBICLE 12 kV FUJI / BREAKER FUJI )

150 / 5 A

VCB630 A25 kA

150 / 5 A

VCB630 A25 kA

150 / 5 A

VCB630 A25 kA

150 / 5 A

VCB630 A25 kA

0,113

203

0,113

OCB800 A12,5 kA

OCB800 A12,5 kA

10 KA 82 KV

NGR 40 300 A

300 / 5 A

OCB800 A12,5 kA

150 / 5 A

KUTILANG

150 / 5 A

PARKIT

SIMENS SIMENSVCB

800 A25 kA

VCB800 A25 kA

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FACTORS CONSIDERED FOR BEST PLANNING A SYSTEM

1.What is the maximum capacity?

2. How do we determine this capacity?

3. What are the operating limits that must be satisfied?

4. What can be done to operate the distribution system within theoperating limits?

5. What can be done to make the distribution system operate moreefficiently?

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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING System planning is essential to assure that the growing demand for electricity can be satisfied by distribution system additions which are both technically adequate and reasonably economical. In the future, more than in the past, electric utilities will need a fast and economical planning tool to evaluate the consequences of different proposed alternatives and their impact on the rest of the system to provide the necessary economical, reliable, and safe electric energy to consumers.

The objective of distribution system planning is to assure that the growing demand for electricity, in terms of increasing growth rates and high load densities

FACTORS AFFECTING SYSTEM PLANNING

Load Forecasting

Substation Expansion

Substation Site Selection

primary voltage selection

number of feeders

conductor size selection

total cost

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LOAD FORECASTING

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SUBSTATION EXPANSION

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SUBSTATION SITE SELECTION

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Substation site selection procedure

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Other FactorsOnce the load assignments to the substations are determined, then the remaining factors affecting primary voltage selection, feeder route selection, number of feeders, conductor size selection, and total cost

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A system performance analysis is done to determine whether the present system is capable of handling the new load increase with respect to the company’s criteria.

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

This analysis, constituting the second stage of the process, requires the use of tools such as a distribution load flow program, a voltage profile, and a regulation program. The acceptability criteria, representing the company’s policies, obligations to the consumers, and additional constraints can include:

1---Service continuity

3--The maximum allowable peak-load voltage drop to the most remote customer on the secondary

2---The maximum allowable voltage dip occasioned by the starting of a motor of specified starting current characteristics at the most remote point on the secondary

4--The maximum allowable peak load

5--Service reliability

Power losses

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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING IN THE FUTURE

FUTURE NATURE OF DISTRIBUTION PLANNING

Impacts of Load Management The requirements of a successful load management program are specified by Delgado [19] as follows: 1. It must be able to reduce demand during critical system load

periods2. It must result in a reduction in new generation requirements,

purchased power, and/or fuel costs.3. It must have an acceptable cost/benefit ratio.4. Its operation must be compatible with system design and

operation.5. It must operate at an acceptable reliability level.6. It must have an acceptable level of customer convenience.7. It must provide a benefit to the customer in the form of reduced

rates or other incentives. Cost/Benefit Ratio for Innovation

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THE CENTRAL ROLE OF THE COMPUTER IN DISTRIBUTION PLANNING

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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS future distribution systems will be more complex than those of today, which means that the distribution system planner’s task will be more complex. If the systems being planned are to be optimal with respect to construction cost, capitalization, performance reliability, and operating efficiency, better planning and operation tools are required. While it is impossible to foresee all the effects that technology will have on the way in which distribution planning and engineering will be done, it is possible to identify the major forces which are beginning to institute a change in the methodology and extrapolate

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REFERENCES

Westinghouse Electric Corporation: Electric Utility Engineering Reference Book—Distribution Systems, vol. 3, East Pittsburgh, Pa, 1965

Energy Information Administration: Energy Data Reports—Statistics of Privately-Owned Electric Utilities in the United States, U.S. Department of Energy, 1975—1978.

The National Electric R’liability Study: Technical Study Reports, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EP-0005, Office of Emergency Operations, April 1981.

The National Power Grid Study, vol. 2, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ERA-0056-2, Economic Regulatory Administration, Office of Utility Systems, September 1979.

Gönen, T., et al.: “Toward Automated Distribution Systems Planning,” Proceedings of the IEEE Control of Power Systems Conference, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex., Mar. 19—21, 1979, pp.23—30.

Munasinghe, M.: The Economics of Power System Reliability and Planning, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, 1979.