PHYSICAL EDUCATION NOTES

1ST term

4th ESO

UNIT 1: KEY VOCABULARY TO UNDERSTAND A P.E. CLASS

HELLO BOYS AND GIRLS! HOW ARE YOU DOING? I HOPE YOU AREDOING REALLY WELL!!In this first unit we will learn key vocabulary to understand a PE class. We Will focus on four main areas: Sport facilities, Sport equipment, Sport clothesAnd vocabulary related to the warm up.

SPORT FACILITIES (instalaciones deportivas)Gimnasio: gymCampo de fútbol: football pitch (British English), soccer field(American English)Polideportivo: sports centre (British English), sports center (American English)Pista de baloncesto: basketballcourt.Pista de fútbol sala: futsalcourt. (evidentementefutsal significa fútbol-sala)Pista de tenis: tenniscourt.Pista de pádel: paddle court.Campo de hockey-hierba: hockey field.Campo o pista de hockey sobre hielo: Ice-hockey rink.Piscina: swimming pool.Patio de recreo: schoolplayground.Pista de patinaje sobre hielo: ice skating rink(podemos decir simplemente ‘ice rink’)Vestuario: Changingroom(British English),

SPORT EQUIPMENT (material deportivo)Cono: cone.Colchoneta: gymnasticmatColchoneta quitamiedos (la grande): crash mat / safety matEspalderas: wallbarsBanco sueco: swedishbench.Balón medicinal: medicine ball.Balón: ball.Balón de fútbol: football(en inglés americano se dice soccer ball)Balón de baloncesto: basketballBalón de balonmano: handballBalón de voleibol: volleyballRaqueta de tenis: tennis racket.Raqueta de pádel: paddle racket.Raqueta de bádminton: badminton racket.Volante de bádminton: shuttlecock.Pala: beach paddle (las típicas de jugar en la playa)Comba: rope.Aro: hoop.Valla: hurdle.Portería: goal.Larguero: crossbar.Palo de hockey: hockey stick.Bola de hockey-hierba: hockey ball.Disco de hockey-hielo: puck.Bate de béisbol: baseballbat.Guante de béisbol: baseballglove.Canasta: basket.

Peto:chest guardAro de la canasta: hoop.Tablero de la canasta: backboard(yes!likeblackboardbutwithoutthe ‘l’)Red de la canasta: basketball net.Portería: goal

SPORT CLOTHES (vestimenta deportiva)Chándal: tracksuit(más informal decimos trackie) British EnglishSudadera: sweatshirt.Cazadora: jacket.Camiseta: T-shirt.Zapatillas: Trainers for Runners(British English), Sneakers(American English)Calcetines: socks.Rodillera: kneepad.Gafas de sol: sunglasses.Gorra: cap or baseball cap.Guantes: gloves.Bufanda: scarf.Braga de cuello: neck gaiter.Bañador: swimsuit.Gorro de baño: swimming cap.Gafas de natación: swimming goggles.

WARM-UP Calentamiento: warm-upTrotar: to jog, to runActivación: pulse-raising exercisesEjercicios de movilidad: mobilityEstiramientos:strechesIntensificación:intensityDuración: duration/time allocationArticulación:jointHacer círculos:make circlesCorrer de lado:run sidewaysJuegos de pillar:tag gamesBalancear:to swing Saltar :to jump ,to skip,to hop.Balanceo de brazos: arm swingingsEjercicios parados en el sitio: exercises on the spot, standing on the placePiernas separadas la anchura de los hombros: stand with feet shoulder width apartHacia delante: forwardsHacia detrás: backwardsGirar rodillas en sentido de las agujas :rotate knees clockwise. Botar el balón: to bounce the ballFlexionar: to bendExtender:to strech, to extendPata coja: to hop on one legGolpear:to hit Agacharse: to squat, to bend downEquipo contrario :opposing team , opposing side. Andar de puntillas: to tiptoeAndar de talones: to walk in heels

UNIT 2: THE WARM-UP: the first thing to do everyday

What is it? Warm up is known as the sequential and progressive exercises done before

the main activity to prepare the body for the physical activity the

person is going to do. These exercises should be done before

beginning any physical activity like training, a P.E. class, a match,

etc.

Why is it so important to warm up? We warm up:

• To avoid injuries

• To prepare the body and the mind for more intense physical activity

Phases of the warm-up.

It´s commonly accepted that we can talk about two kind of warm-up:

General warm-up: in which we move the whole body no matter the main activity we are preparing for. It does not focus on a specific part of the body, but in the whole body

Specific warm-up : it focuses on the parts of the body involve in the sport or physical activity we are going to do. This warm-up includes exercises similar to the ones we need to do afterwards and it´s highly recommended to use instruments or materials involve in the sport such as balls, rackets, etc.

Effects in the body

- Activates the cardiovascular system: increases the heart rate (pulse), heartbeats are more powerful, which means that more blood is circulating and more oxygen can be taken to muscles.

- In the breathing system: it makes you breathe faster and deeper (higher breathing frequency); therefore there is more oxygen for the body.

- Activates the muscular system: raises the temperature which allows the muscle to work faster and more effectively.

- Activates the neural system: There is better coordination so it prepares the body for the specific movements and sport techniques.

- Psychologically, it helps with a better disposition, reduces anxiety and increases motivation

In our classes we usually are going to perform a general warm-up if the next activity is quiet, for instance before body expression, dance, etc. If don’t, we are doing a specific and activity related warm-up.

We are going to consider the next phases in both warms-up

Pulse raising activity : exercises to increase the heart rate and muscle temperature (jogging, walking, slow bike, skate,).

Mobility: we try to move every joint so that we can gently increase our range of motion (also known as ROM). Following an order is advised.

Stretches : these allow us to rest before the last phase and go on with the raise of ROM preparing specifically the ligaments.

Intense activity : it involves strength exercises, speed exercises and coordination exercises related to the skills we’ll need afterwards.

Methodology

-Always start with a continuous slow race, to prepare the body and increase temperature.

-It should be varied. It should involve all the main muscles, joints and a variety of movements.

-Do not get tired, don’t make too many repetitions of each movement and alternate the parts of the body you are moving.

-It should last between ten and twenty minutes.

-The rhythm should be progressive (from low to high intensity exercises)

-It should be adapted to the sport or activity that is going to follow, but also to the age and physical condition.

-After warming up try to begin with the sport practice in no more than 6-10 minutes. Avoid getting cold.

Videos relatedwithwarm-up

Simple exeercices

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AW1RNkryf1k&feature=related

Sciencesays

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeEIoGMldyc

benefits of warming up

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMReVEkdEnI