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by: Mr. Jose Ray Redeemir M. Calanog

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Physical Fitness

a measure of thebodys ability to

function efficiently

and effectively in workand leisure activities,to be healthy, to resisthypokinetic diseases,

and to meetemergency situations.

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Health-Related Components of Fitness

Cardiovascular Endurance - the ability of the respiratory and circulatorysystems to effectively deliver oxygen to the heart and working muscles

during exercise.

Muscular Strength - the ability of your muscles to exert a maximum forceor lift a maximum weight one time.

Muscular Endurance - the ability to lift a resistance repeatedly or maintaina muscle contraction for an extended period of time.

Flexibility - the ability to move a muscle through a full range of motion atthe joint(s) its located at.

Body Composition - the relative percentage of fat in a person's body whencompared to lean muscle, bone and other body tissue.

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Skill-Related Components of Fitness

Reaction Time - the time it takes to start moving once a stimulus isgiven.

Speed - the ability to cover a short distance as quickly as possible.

Agility - the ability to change direction while moving.

Balance - the ability to maintain a body position for an extendedperiod of time.

Power - the ability to move a heavy resistance quickly.

Hand/eye or Foot/eye Coordination - the ability to combine handand eye or foot and eye movements to perform a task.

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Accuracy (Coordination)

In relationship tophysical fitness,accuracy is: The ability to hit a

target.

Ability of a performerto repeat movementssuccessfully.

The ability to performwithout making anyerrors.

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Agility

Agility is the ability tochange ones body

position.

Requires a combinationof balance, coordination,speed, reflexes, andstrength.

In sports, agility is

explained in terms of aresponse to an opponentor moving target.

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Balance Balance is the ability to

maintain a stable positionwhile stationary (staticbalance) or moving (dynamicbalance).

Balance is achieved by theaction of reflexes involving theeyes, the balance organs ofthe semi-circular ear canal,pressure receptors in the skin,and stretch receptors in the

joints and muscles.

Good balance is needed insports, especially thoserequiring sudden movementsor change of direction.

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Body Composition

Is used to determine the % offat, bone, and muscle in ourbody.

Because muscle tissue takes

up less space that fat tissue,our body composition, as wellas our weight, determines howlean we are.

Body composition can bemeasured many ways, themost common being with a setof measurement calipers todeteremine Body FatPercentage.

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Coordination

Gross MotorCoordination: Walking,running, climbing,jumping, etc

Fine Motor Coordination:Small musclemovements, like the

fingers in coordinationwith the eyes.

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Flexibility

The measurement ofachievable distancebetween the flexed

and extended positionof a particular joint ormuscle group isflexibility.

Also known as rangeof motion at a joint.

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Strength

Physical strength is theability of a person to exertforce on physical objectsusing muscles.

An individuals physical

strength is determined bytheir genetic inheritance

of muscle fibers, and theirdegree of strengthtraining they undertake.

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Power

The rate at which energyis expended or work isdone.

The amount of powergenerated by a persondepends on two factors:Speed and Strength.

Power is a keycomponent for mostathletic activities.

A powerful athlete has totransform physical energyinto force at a fast rate.

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Speed

The ability to executemovements quickly.

Speed refers to distancetraveled per unit of time (i.e.

secs).

In running and walking, speedis a product of stride rate.

Speed of movement either thetotal body or a particular bodypart is an important componentof performance related fitness.

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Stamina (Endurance)

The ability to sustaina specific activity for along period of time.

Muscular Enduranceis vital to activitiesspecific to individualmuscles (weightlifting).