pearl gemology & buying guide - a preview
TRANSCRIPT
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 114
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 983151 K983150983151983159 A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 214
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 314
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
By
Milad Darejeh
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 414
Notion Press
5 Muthu Kalathy Street TriplicaneChennai - 600 005
First Published by Notion Press 2013
Copyrightcopy Milad Darejeh 2013
All Right Reserved
ISBN 978-93-83185-83-2
This book has been published in good faith that the work of
the author is original All efforts have been taken to make the
material error-free However the author and the publisher
disclaim the responsibility
No part of this book may be used reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission from the author exceptin the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and
reviews
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 514
Contents
I SAE OF AR IN PEARL GEMOLOGY 1
11 General Introduction 1
12 Te History of Pearls 3
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls 3
122 Pearls in Roman History 4
123 Pearls in Greek History 5
124 Pearl History of Egypt 5
125 Pearl History of China 5
126 Pearl History of India 7
127 Pearl History of Persia 8
II FUNDAMENAL amp PRINCIPLES 11
21 Natural Pearls 11
211 Discovery of Natural Pearls is Rare 12
22 Cultured Pearls 13
221 Cultured Pearl Formation 13
222 Natural Pearls vs Cultured Pearls 14
223 Cultured Pearls History amp Industry 15
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 214
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 314
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
By
Milad Darejeh
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 414
Notion Press
5 Muthu Kalathy Street TriplicaneChennai - 600 005
First Published by Notion Press 2013
Copyrightcopy Milad Darejeh 2013
All Right Reserved
ISBN 978-93-83185-83-2
This book has been published in good faith that the work of
the author is original All efforts have been taken to make the
material error-free However the author and the publisher
disclaim the responsibility
No part of this book may be used reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission from the author exceptin the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and
reviews
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 514
Contents
I SAE OF AR IN PEARL GEMOLOGY 1
11 General Introduction 1
12 Te History of Pearls 3
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls 3
122 Pearls in Roman History 4
123 Pearls in Greek History 5
124 Pearl History of Egypt 5
125 Pearl History of China 5
126 Pearl History of India 7
127 Pearl History of Persia 8
II FUNDAMENAL amp PRINCIPLES 11
21 Natural Pearls 11
211 Discovery of Natural Pearls is Rare 12
22 Cultured Pearls 13
221 Cultured Pearl Formation 13
222 Natural Pearls vs Cultured Pearls 14
223 Cultured Pearls History amp Industry 15
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 314
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
By
Milad Darejeh
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 414
Notion Press
5 Muthu Kalathy Street TriplicaneChennai - 600 005
First Published by Notion Press 2013
Copyrightcopy Milad Darejeh 2013
All Right Reserved
ISBN 978-93-83185-83-2
This book has been published in good faith that the work of
the author is original All efforts have been taken to make the
material error-free However the author and the publisher
disclaim the responsibility
No part of this book may be used reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission from the author exceptin the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and
reviews
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 514
Contents
I SAE OF AR IN PEARL GEMOLOGY 1
11 General Introduction 1
12 Te History of Pearls 3
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls 3
122 Pearls in Roman History 4
123 Pearls in Greek History 5
124 Pearl History of Egypt 5
125 Pearl History of China 5
126 Pearl History of India 7
127 Pearl History of Persia 8
II FUNDAMENAL amp PRINCIPLES 11
21 Natural Pearls 11
211 Discovery of Natural Pearls is Rare 12
22 Cultured Pearls 13
221 Cultured Pearl Formation 13
222 Natural Pearls vs Cultured Pearls 14
223 Cultured Pearls History amp Industry 15
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 414
Notion Press
5 Muthu Kalathy Street TriplicaneChennai - 600 005
First Published by Notion Press 2013
Copyrightcopy Milad Darejeh 2013
All Right Reserved
ISBN 978-93-83185-83-2
This book has been published in good faith that the work of
the author is original All efforts have been taken to make the
material error-free However the author and the publisher
disclaim the responsibility
No part of this book may be used reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission from the author exceptin the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and
reviews
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 514
Contents
I SAE OF AR IN PEARL GEMOLOGY 1
11 General Introduction 1
12 Te History of Pearls 3
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls 3
122 Pearls in Roman History 4
123 Pearls in Greek History 5
124 Pearl History of Egypt 5
125 Pearl History of China 5
126 Pearl History of India 7
127 Pearl History of Persia 8
II FUNDAMENAL amp PRINCIPLES 11
21 Natural Pearls 11
211 Discovery of Natural Pearls is Rare 12
22 Cultured Pearls 13
221 Cultured Pearl Formation 13
222 Natural Pearls vs Cultured Pearls 14
223 Cultured Pearls History amp Industry 15
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 514
Contents
I SAE OF AR IN PEARL GEMOLOGY 1
11 General Introduction 1
12 Te History of Pearls 3
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls 3
122 Pearls in Roman History 4
123 Pearls in Greek History 5
124 Pearl History of Egypt 5
125 Pearl History of China 5
126 Pearl History of India 7
127 Pearl History of Persia 8
II FUNDAMENAL amp PRINCIPLES 11
21 Natural Pearls 11
211 Discovery of Natural Pearls is Rare 12
22 Cultured Pearls 13
221 Cultured Pearl Formation 13
222 Natural Pearls vs Cultured Pearls 14
223 Cultured Pearls History amp Industry 15
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 614
vi Contents
23 Pearl Farming ampCultivation 16
231 Pearl Quality 18
232 Pearl Nucleation 19
233 Te Pearl Rafts 20
234 Te Birth of a Pearl 21
III NAURAL PEARLS 23
31 Melo Melo Pearls 23
32 Abalone Pearls 24
33 Conch Pearls 28
34 Pearisan Gulf Pearls 30
IV CULURED PEARLS 33
41 Famous Cultured Pearls 33
42 Te 6 Cultured Pearl Quality Factors 35
421 Nacre 36
422 Luster (Shine) 36
423 Surface 37
424 Shape 38
425 Color 38
426 Size 39
43 Cultured Pearl Nacre 39
431 Nacre Quality Classifications 39
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 714
Contents vii
432 Nacre Value 40
44 Cultured Pearl Luster 40
45 Cultured Pearl Surface Quality 41
451 ypes of Surface Quality classification 42
46 Cultured Pearl Shapes 42
47 Pearl Color Basics 44
48 Cultured Pearl Size Basics 47
481 Te Importance of Size 47
V AKOYA PEARLS EVALUAION 49
51 Akoya Pearl Basics 49
52 Characteristic of the Akoya Pearl 49
53 Akoya Pearl Overtones 51
54 Akoya Pearl Grading System 52
55 Akoya Pearl Size Guideline 55
56 Japanese Akoya Pearls vs Chinese Akoya Pearls 56
VI FRESHWAER PEARL EVALUAION 59
61 Freshwater Pearl Basics 59
62 Freshwater Pearl Culturing 59
64 Freshwater Pearl Colors 62
65 Freshwater Pearl Grading 63
66 Freshwater Pearl Sizes 64
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 814
viii Contents
VII AHIIAN PEARL EVALUAION 67
71 Black ahitian Pearl Basics 67
72 ahitian Pearl Grading 68
721 ahitian Pearl Value Factors 69
73 Size and Shape 69
74 Color and Luster 70
75 Surface Quality 71
VIII SOUH SEA PEARL EVALUAION 73
81 South Sea Pearl Basics 73
82 South Sea Pearl Colors 74
83 South Sea Pearl Grading 74
84 South Sea Pearl Sizes 74
IX SAL WAER PEARLS 79
91 Saltwater Pearls 79
92 Shape of Saltwater Cultured Pearls 81
93 Saltwater Pearl culture 81
X PEARL INDUSRIES 83
101 Te legendary Kokichi Mikimoto 83
102 Pearl Farming 84
103 Te Pearl Nucleus 87
104 Pearl Harvest 88
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 914
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1014
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1114
1State of Art in Pearl Gemology
11 GENERAL INRODUCION
A Pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue
(specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk usually a
conch Just like the shell of a mollusk a pearl is made up of
calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form which has been
deposited in concentric layers Te ideal pearl is perfectly roundand smooth but many other shapes of pearls (eg baroque
pearls) occur Te finest quality natural pearls have been highly
valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries
and because of this the word pearl has become a metaphor for
something very rare fine admirable and valuable
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1214
2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
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P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
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2 Pearl Gemology amp Buying Guide
Te most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild
but they are extremely rare Tese wild pearls are referred toas natural pearls Cultured or farmed pearls from pearl oysters
and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those that
are currently sold Imitation or fake pearls are also widely sold
in inexpensive jewelry but the quality of their iridescence is
usually very poor and generally speaking artificial pearls are
easily distinguished from genuine pearls Pearls have been
harvested and cultivated primarily for use in jewelry but in the past they were also stitched onto lavish clothing Pearls have
also been crushed and used in cosmetics medicines and in
paint formulations (Shells of Pearls)
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State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1314
State of Art in Pearl Gemology 3
12 HE HISORY OF PEARLS
121 Te 4000 Year History of Pearls
Pearls have been prized and collected for more than 4000 years
giving them the title of the worldrsquos oldest gem
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155
8132019 Pearl Gemology ampamp Buying Guide - A Preview
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullpearl-gemology-amp-buying-guide-a-preview 1414
P983141983137983154983148 G983141983149983151983148983151983143983161
983078
B983157983161983145983150983143 G983157983145983140983141
E983158983141983154983161983156983144983145983150983143 Y983151983157 N983141983141983140 T983151 K983150983151983159
A983138983151983157983156 P983141983137983154983148983155