Pectoral and Pelvic Girdle and Limbs

Pectoral Girdle• Includes 2 clavicles & 2

scapula• Forms incomplete ring• Provides attachment for

muscles that move arms Clavicles - 2 rodlike bones b/t sternum & scapula

• Scapula – 2 broad, triangular-shaped bones; has 2 projections:

• coracoid process

• acromion process

Bones of the Upper Limb

• humerus – upper arm

• radius – forearm; thumb side

• ulna – longer than radius; has olecranon process – elbow

Bones of the Wrist & Hand

• Carpals – bones of the wrist (8)

• Metacarpals – bones of the hand (5)

• Phalanges – digits (14/hand)

Carpals – 8 bones

• 2 rows of 4 bones:A - scaphoidB - lunateC - triquetrumD - pisiformE - trapeziumF - trapezoidG - capitateH - hamate

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Pelvic Girdle

• Includes 2 coxal bones (hipbones), sacrum & coccyx (forms posterior wall)

• Supports trunk • Provides attachment

for lower limbs• Protects int. organs

Pelvic Girdle - continued

• Coxal bones consist of3 fused bones:illium, ischium & pubis

• Sacroiliac joint – junctionof ilium & sacrum

• Sacral promontory –slight projection of 1st sacralvertebrae

• Pubic arch – angle of pubic bones• Symphysis pubis – junction of 2 pubic bones

Pelvic Girdle - continued

• Acetabulum – depression for femur

• Ischial spines – projection onposterior surface of ischium

• Iliac crest – flared portion of ilium

Male vs. Female PelvisFemale Structure (All related to female pelvis functioning as a birth canal):• Iliac bones more flared• Angle of pubic arch greater• > distance b/t ischial

spines• Sacral curvature shorter

& wider• Bones lighter

Bones of the Lower Limbs

• Femur – thigh bone w/trochanter

• Tibia – shin bone; medial side & larger;has medial malleolus

• Fibula – smaller & non-wt. bearing; has lateral malleolus

Tarsals & Metatarsals • Tarsals – ankle bones (7)• Metatarsals (5)

• Phalanges (14) Tarsals – 7 bones:

calcaneoustalusnavicularcuboidmedial cuneiformintermediate cuneiformlateral cuneiform

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Tarsals & Metatarsals – Lateral view

THE END!!!!

CONGRATULATIONS!!!!!

YOU HAVE JUST LEARNED 206 BONES OF THE HUMAN SKELETON!!!