peculiarities of translation of russian depravityinto...

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European Journal of Research [email protected]¹ 3/2019

Generalization of Scientific ResultsVienna, Austria

PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION OF RUSSIANDEPRAVITYINTO GEORGIAN

(Based on a story by I.A.Bunin "Natalie")

Seda Asaturova,Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences,

Associated Professor, Telavi State University, GeorgiaManana Gambashidze, Doctor of Philology,

Assistant-Professor, Telavi State University, Georgia

Abstract: The paper deals with the problems of translation from Russian language intoanother system language, namely, translation problem of gerund into Georgian languagethat does not have the abovementioned category. Peculiarities of translating Russian gerundinto Georgian one is discussed according to the comparison of I. Bunin's story ("Nathalie")and its Georgian translation.

Key words: translation, translator, gerund, analysis, comparison, Russian language,Georgian language.

SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES

http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2521-3253-2019-3-13

Manuscript info:Received February 14, 2018., Accepted February 18, 2018., Published March 26, 2019.

Recommended citation: Seda Asaturova. PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION OFRUSSIAN DEPRAVITYINTO GEORGIAN (BASED ON A STORY BY I.A.BUNIN"NATALIE"). 3 European Journal of Research P. 106-112 (2019).

Introduction. A characteristic feature of modern linguistics is theincreased interest in translation problems. P. Kaye called the twentiethcentury the century of translation.

According to S.B. Veledinskaya, "translation is a special kind of spiritualactivity of a person aimed at language mediation, i.e. overcoming barriersin human communication related to language diversity. Going back toancient times, translation has always played a significant role in the historyof development of world culture as a whole, as well as in the history ofdevelopment of individual nations. [Veledinskaya S.B., 8]. Approximatelysince the middle of the twentieth century, thanks to the sharply increasedintensity of international contacts, translation activity in all its varietieshas taken on an unprecedented scale. Veledinskaya S.B. states that today welive in the epoch of translation. There are many definitions of translation,but no matter which one we take, we will always find that "it incorporatesboth the concept of process or activity and the concept of the result ofthis activity" [Veledinskaya S.B.:8]. Let's take for example the definitiongiven by R.K. Minyar-Beloruchev: "Translation is a process that takes place

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in the form of a mental act and consists in the fact that a speech work (textor an oral statement), which has arisen in one - the initial - language(IL), is recreated in another - the translating - language (PJ). Translationis the result of this process, i.e. a new speech work (text or oral statement)in the language of translation" [Minyar-Belorochev R.K.:5]. In her studies,L.A.Chernyakhovskaya defines translation as "a transformation of thestructure of a speech work, as a result of which, while keeping the contentplan unchanged, the plan of expression changes, one language is replacedby another" [Chernyakhovskaya L.A.:3].

Translation is one of the components of the cultural dialogue betweenpeople. An artistic translation is known to be a type of literary creationin which a work that exists in one language is recreated in another.According to T.B. Gurtueva, "the demand for the best representativesof Russian culture in the field of literature and art is an absolute evidenceof the need for dialogue in the spiritual sphere. And in this process, notleast the translator plays a role, who helps to build a bridge between twoforeign-language poetic cultures. Russian language and culture in themirror of translation. Materials of the international scientific-practicalconference,:139]. However, the translator is not always able to overcomethe difficulties associated with the fact that "the original and translationlanguages belong to different cultures". Despite the fact that today thereare a huge number of computer translators, such translation can neverreplace a live translator, without whom there can be no creativity. Howcan such a complex problem be solved? This is the purpose of ourresearch.

Materials and methods. We chose a short story "Natalie" by the famousRussian writer I.A.Bunin and his Georgian translation as the researchmaterial. In this paper we used methods of contrast analysis, quantificationand qualification methods, and singled out universals.

Discussion. The subject of our discussion is the peculiarities of translationof Russian deieprint into Georgian language. We were interested in howand in what ways Russian deieprints are transmitted into the Georgianlanguage, so we did not touch upon other moments of transmission ofthe Russian text, although many of them deserve attention.

"The Russian partici ple denotes an action relative in time ofimplementation to the action of the verb-temporal. It combines the propertiesof the verb and adverbs. The actions expressed by the participle and theverb refer to the same subject [Shanskiy N.M.:222].

V.V. Vinogradov noted that "the history of deities, methods of theirformation and syntactic use ... we do not know at all" [Vinogradov V.V.:171].Despite the fact that a lot of time has passed since then, the problem hasnot lost its relevance.

Ä. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky refers to the time of separation of the deities

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from the participles of the XII and XIII centuries, as in the monumentsof the XII and XIII centuries there is often a fall of the participles from theparadigm of non-members of the active participles [Ovsyaniko-KulikovskyD.N.:68]. "On the question of the time of the occurrence of the depropriationof the participle, researchers do not differ: all recognize the fact that thelong and complex process of the formation of depropriation is completedby the end of the XVII - beginning of the XVIII centuries" [Hemmat-zadeSh.:830-833].

In the 18th century, the deieprints were one of the most activegrammatical categories used in works of different genres and gavethe narrative liveliness and dynamism, avoiding the repeated use ofthe same personal forms of the verb. It is known that in oral speech(which can easily be done without deprivation) and in Russian folktales can not be found because fairy tales have their roots in ancienttimes.

There is no participation in the Georgian language. Based on this,translators resort to different ways of transmitting Russian deities intoGeorgian language. Some methods of such transmission are presented inthe book of Georgian scientist G.G.Goletiani "Comparative Grammarof Russian and Georgian Languages. Part One. Morphology". G. Goletianiadheres to the classification proposed by the Georgian Rusist D. S.Chanturishvili. It should be noted that not all methods of transmittingthe Russian deieprint into the Georgian language (suggested byChanturishvili and Goletiani) are used in the process of translating thestory of I.A.Bunin "Natalie". Besides, the textbook of G. Goletiani doesnot take into account the type of the translated departicles. We havefollowed the transmission of the NIS and NIS participations to theGeorgian language. The departicipation, adjoining the verb that indicatesthe main action in the sentence, expresses a secondary (concomitant)action. This is why the translator most often refers to the personal formof the verb during the translation process. The author of the translationuses the following Georgian categories instead of the Russianparticipations:

1.Personal forms of the verb, more often in the form of past tense, withor without connective union. The personal form of the verb conveys thedeities of both the NSV and the deities of the SP.

(For the sake of clarity, in literal translation, we preserve the order ofwords in the sentence, which is characteristic of the Georgian language.Although, the literal translation completely distorts the text of the original.It should also be noted that the Georgian language does not have a touchy-feeling suffix, such as a candle. Also, due to the lack of capital letters in theGeorgian language, their own names in literal translation are writtenwith a small letter):

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References

1. Abdulkhakova L.R. (2006). To the Problem of Origin of De-Participation in the RussianLanguage.// Scientists' Notes of Kazan University. Vol. 148, book 2. Humanities. - - Ñ.23 -31.

2. Asaturova S.A.(2014). Translations of N.V.Gogol's works into Georgian language.// Literatureand culture of Polesie.Abstract of scientific works.Issue 77. Nizhyn.

3. Bunin I.A. (1982) Stories and stories. Moscow: "Truth".4. Veledinskaya S.B. (2010) General Translation Theory Course: Textbook.-Tomsk: Tomsk

Polytechnic University Press.5. Vinogradov V.V. (1978). About the problems of the Russian literary language history //

Vinogradov, V.V. History of the Russian literary language. Izbr. tr. - M.: Nauka.- S. 152-177.6. Goletiani G.G. (1970) Comparative grammar of Russian and Georgian languages. Part one.

Morphology.Tbilisi: Izd-Vo Tbilisi University.7. Minyar-Belorochev R.K. (1996) Theory and methods of translation. Moscow.Russian language and culture in the mirror of translation. Materials of the international scientific-

practical conference. - Moscow, 2008.8. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovskiy D.N. (1912).Syntax of the Russian language. St. Petersburg.9. Hemmat-zade Sh. (2014). On the chronology of departicles in Russian // Young scientist,

¹18. Ñ. 830-833. URL https://moluch.ru/archive/77/13360/10. Shanskiy N.M.(1981) Modern Russian language. Part Two. Word formation. Morphology.

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