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Pediatric Dynamometer Pediatric Dynamometer ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The Children’s Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania has long been involved with the study of the correlation between obesity or bone density and youth exercise. In 2004, the Pediatric Dynamometer was born as an engineering project in the Moore School of Electrical Engineering. Current measurements of exercise are not capable of conveniently delivering the main metric by which correlation should be measured: exerted force. The Pediatric Dynamometer has been developed to provide a comfortable, durable modification to any youth’s shoes to allow for accurate measurement of force exerted by the foot over extended periods of time. The full implementation of the design consists of an inside-shoe embedded system, which receives signals provided by a Piezoelectric sensor and processes them in an on-board microcontroller. The control system contains algorithms for uploading the data into a computer for processing and storage. The sensor and inside component are installed within the shoe in an unobtrusive fashion. A prototype of the shoe which is fully functional and possibly marketable for athletic shoe applications is ready for demonstration. AUTHORS AUTHORS Armand O’Donnel Kevin Ma ADVISORS ADVISORS Jay Zemel Professor Emeritus University of Pennsylvania Group #9 Group #9 Department of Electrical Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering and Systems Engineering Top of PD Circuit Top of PD Circuit (Digital Layer) (Digital Layer) Bottom of PD Bottom of PD Circuit Circuit (Analog Layer) (Analog Layer) Circuit and battery mounted on foam Circuit and battery mounted on foam rubber. Sensors are mounted on spring rubber. Sensors are mounted on spring steel and sealed with silicone. steel and sealed with silicone. Cable connecting PD to a Cable connecting PD to a computer. USB cable contains rs- computer. USB cable contains rs- 232 converter. We added a 3.3V 232 converter. We added a 3.3V regulator to power the PD in the regulator to power the PD in the event of battery expiration. event of battery expiration. Progression of PD Circuitry over Progression of PD Circuitry over the years. the years. Sensors used: 2x polyvinylidene diflouride strips Placement Of Sensors: One under heel of foot One under ball of foot Comfort: Layers of foam rubber are inserted above and below circuit. Protection : Sensors and circuit are mounted using waterproof silicone Shoe Integration Shoe Integration Uses simple methods to communicat through a chosen COM port to retr information from the chip and iss commands Methods: Record Data – Retrieve sampled da Begin Sampling – Initialize force Clear Memory – Clear stored data Save Data – Save data recorded fr chip in a text file for easy anal excel Graphical User Interfac Graphical User Interfac Size: 1.4” W x 1.1” L x 0.3” H Power Consumption: 450 microWatts Power Source: 3.3V, 540mAh Lithium Battery Battery Size: 1” dia x 0.2” H Hardware Hardware Specifications Specifications Force: Algorithms: Digital integration: add each sample to a Accumulator value is current force Intelligent algorithm clears accumulator Peak and average force, timestamp saved t Thresholds: Algorithm uses min/max thresholds and hyst to prevent incorrect step detection, which spurious data to flash. Sampling Theory Sampling Theory PIC 16F690 PIC 16F690 M icrocontroller M icrocontroller 16Mbit 16Mbit Flash M em ory Flash M em ory Data Data Archive Archive PVDF PVDF Sensor Sensor PVDF PVDF Sensor Sensor Instrum entation Instrum entation Am plifiers Am plifiers Inside Shoe Inside Shoe 200 Sam ples 200 Sam ples Persecond Persecond 3.3V Button 3.3V Button C ell Battery C ell Battery 32.768 Khz 32.768 Khz Watch Watch Crystal Crystal Graphical Graphical U ser U ser Interface Interface Sleep M ode Sleep M ode U SB to U SB to RS RS- 232 232 C onverter C onverter Below Minimum Threshold? (2) Update: M ax Force Avg.Force Timestamp W rite to Flash M em ory Above Minimum Threshold? (1) AD C D ata From Instrum entation Am plifier,x[n] N N O O YES YES YES YES NO NO Integrate Signal y[n]= y[n-1]+ x[n] Continue Integrating Pack D ata into 10-byte Packet

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Page 1: Pediatric Dynamometer ABSTRACT The Children’s Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania has long been involved with the study of the correlation between

Pediatric DynamometerPediatric Dynamometer

ABSTRACTABSTRACTThe Children’s Hospital of the University of

Pennsylvania has long been involved with the study of the correlation between obesity or bone density and youth exercise. In 2004, the Pediatric Dynamometer was born as an engineering project in the Moore School of Electrical Engineering.

Current measurements of exercise are not capable of conveniently delivering the main metric by which correlation should be measured: exerted force. The Pediatric Dynamometer has been developed to provide a comfortable, durable modification to any youth’s shoes to allow for accurate measurement of force exerted by the foot over extended periods of time.

The full implementation of the design consists of an inside-shoe embedded system, which receives signals provided by a Piezoelectric sensor and processes them in an on-board microcontroller. The control system contains algorithms for uploading the data into a computer for processing and storage. The sensor and inside component are installed within the shoe in an unobtrusive fashion. A prototype of the shoe which is fully functional and possibly marketable for athletic shoe applications is ready for demonstration.

AUTHORSAUTHORSArmand O’Donnel

Kevin Ma

ADVISORSADVISORSJay Zemel

Professor Emeritus

University of Pennsylvania

Group #9Group #9

Department of Electrical Department of Electrical and Systems Engineeringand Systems Engineering

Top of PD CircuitTop of PD Circuit(Digital Layer)(Digital Layer)

Bottom of PD CircuitBottom of PD Circuit(Analog Layer)(Analog Layer)

Circuit and battery mounted on foam rubber. Sensors are Circuit and battery mounted on foam rubber. Sensors are mounted on spring steel and sealed with silicone.mounted on spring steel and sealed with silicone.

Cable connecting PD to a computer. USB Cable connecting PD to a computer. USB cable contains rs-232 converter. We added a cable contains rs-232 converter. We added a 3.3V regulator to power the PD in the event 3.3V regulator to power the PD in the event of battery expiration.of battery expiration.

BelowMinimum

Threshold?(2)

Update:Max ForceAvg. ForceTimestamp

Writeto FlashMemory

AboveMinimum

Threshold?(1)

ADC Data FromInstrumentationAmplifier, x[n]

NNOO

YESYES

YESYES

NONOIntegrate Signal

y[n] = y[n-1] + x[n]

ContinueIntegrating

Pack Data into 10-byte Packet

Progression of PD Circuitry over the years.Progression of PD Circuitry over the years.

Sensors used:2x polyvinylidene diflouride stripsPlacement Of Sensors:One under heel of foot One under ball of footComfort: Layers of foam rubber areinserted above and below circuit.Protection: Sensors and circuitare mounted using waterproof silicone

Shoe IntegrationShoe Integration

Uses simple methods to communicatethrough a chosen COM port to retrieveinformation from the chip and issuecommandsMethods:Record Data – Retrieve sampled dataBegin Sampling – Initialize force samplingClear Memory – Clear stored data on chipSave Data – Save data recorded from thechip in a text file for easy analysis withexcel

Graphical User InterfaceGraphical User Interface

Size: 1.4” W x 1.1” L x 0.3” H

Power Consumption: 450 microWattsPower Source:

3.3V, 540mAh Lithium BatteryBattery Size:

1” dia x 0.2” H

Hardware Hardware SpecificationsSpecifications

Force:

Algorithms: Digital integration: add each sample to accumulator Accumulator value is current force Intelligent algorithm clears accumulator if necessary Peak and average force, timestamp saved to flashThresholds:Algorithm uses min/max thresholds and hysterisis to prevent incorrect step detection, which would writespurious data to flash.

Sampling TheorySampling Theory

PIC16F690PIC16F690MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller

16Mbit16MbitFlash MemoryFlash Memory

DataDataArchiveArchive

PVDFPVDF SensorSensor

PVDFPVDF SensorSensor

InstrumentationInstrumentationAmplifiersAmplifiers

Inside ShoeInside Shoe

200 Samples200 SamplesPer secondPer second

3.3V Button3.3V ButtonCell BatteryCell Battery

32.768 Khz32.768 Khz

Watch Watch CrystalCrystal

GraphicalGraphicalUserUser

InterfaceInterface

Sleep ModeSleep Mode

USB toUSB toRS-232RS-232

ConverterConverter

PIC16F690PIC16F690MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller

16Mbit16MbitFlash MemoryFlash Memory

DataDataArchiveArchive

PVDFPVDFSensorSensor

PVDFPVDFSensorSensor

InstrumentationInstrumentationAmplifiersAmplifiers

Inside ShoeInside Shoe

200 Samples200 SamplesPer secondPer second

3.3V Button3.3V ButtonCell BatteryCell Battery

32.768 Khz32.768 Khz

Watch Watch CrystalCrystal

GraphicalGraphicalUserUser

InterfaceInterface

Sleep ModeSleep Mode

USB toUSB toRSRS--232232

ConverterConverter

PIC16F690PIC16F690MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller

16Mbit16MbitFlash MemoryFlash Memory

DataDataArchiveArchive

PVDFPVDFSensorSensor

PVDFPVDFSensorSensor

InstrumentationInstrumentationAmplifiersAmplifiers

Inside ShoeInside Shoe

200 Samples200 SamplesPer secondPer second

3.3V Button3.3V ButtonCell BatteryCell Battery

32.768 Khz32.768 Khz

Watch Watch CrystalCrystal

GraphicalGraphicalUserUser

InterfaceInterface

Sleep ModeSleep Mode

USB toUSB toRSRS--232232

ConverterConverter

BelowMinimum

Threshold?(2)

Update:Max ForceAvg. ForceTimestamp

Writeto FlashMemory

AboveMinimum

Threshold?(1)

ADC Data FromInstrumentationAmplifier, x[n]

NNOO

YESYES

YESYES

NONOIntegrate Signal

y[n] = y[n-1] + x[n]

ContinueIntegrating

Pack Data into10-byte Packet

BelowMinimum

Threshold?(2)

Update:Max ForceAvg. ForceTimestamp

Writeto FlashMemory

AboveMinimum

Threshold?(1)

ADC Data FromInstrumentationAmplifier, x[n]

NNOO

YESYES

YESYES

NONOIntegrate Signal

y[n] = y[n-1] + x[n]

ContinueIntegrating

Pack Data into10-byte Packet

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