PEGASE’S meeting, DTU Lingby 24-26 March 2003PEGASE’S meeting, DTU Lingby 24-26 March 2003

PEGASE – Pesticides in European Groundwaters : PEGASE – Pesticides in European Groundwaters : detailled study of representative Aquifers and detailled study of representative Aquifers and Simulations of possible Evolution scenarios Simulations of possible Evolution scenarios

(European project 2000-2003)(European project 2000-2003)

Martigny Site (Switzerland)Martigny Site (Switzerland) : : Hydrogeological ContributionHydrogeological Contribution

Mahmoud Bouzelboudjen, Eric Di GioiaMahmoud Bouzelboudjen, Eric Di Gioia

University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland

In collaboration with Kirsten Meiwirth & Marc SoutterIn collaboration with Kirsten Meiwirth & Marc Soutter Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

and Pascal Ornstein & Jean-Daniel Rouillerand Pascal Ornstein & Jean-Daniel RouillerCentre de Recherche Alpin, Sion, Switzerland Centre de Recherche Alpin, Sion, Switzerland

Prof. André Mermoud, PEGASE Swiss Team Leader, Prof. André Mermoud, PEGASE Swiss Team Leader, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, LausanneSwiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne

CONTENTSCONTENTS

• Situation and data

• Water table behavior

• 3D Groundwater modelling with Marthe

• Dataset provided

PEGASE Project (Martigny, Switzerland)

Scale 1: 25'000

0 500 1000 1500 2000 Meters

#

#

# #

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

##

#

##

##

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

# #

#

#

#

#

#

#

##

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

%

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

z

z

z

z

zz

zz

zz

z

z

Ì

z

z

z

z

z

Ì

z

z

wz

wzz

z

w

Ì&\&\

x{

#Y

&\x{x{&\%[%[

x{ #Y

&\&\

&\ #Yx{

#Y

#Y

#Y#Y

#Y%[%[&\#Y

$Z

$Z$Z

$Z

$Z

$Z

$Z

$Z

$Z

$Z

&\

&\

%[

&\

%[

%[

%[

%[

%[

%[

#Y#Y#Y

x{x{#Y

#Y

&\#Y

#Y#Y

x{

#Y

&\

x{%[

&\

%[

&\

&\

%[

%[

%[

#Y

#Y#Y

&\

#Y

#Y#Y

%[

%[

x{

#Y#Y

x{

%[&\&\%[%[&\&\&\&\&\

#0

#0

#0

#0

#0

#0

#0

#³#/

#/

#/#/#/

#/

113'000 113'000

106'000106'000

57

3'0

00

58

0'0

00

58

0'0

00

57

3'0

00

#³

#/

#0

Ì%#

zw

Boreholes depth (m)

Rhône

Wells

Piezometer

Canal

Flood amortization basin

Hydrology network

Rhône river

Syndicat and Saillon-Fullycanals

Hydrogeological model areaModel 03 extended

Domestic

Industry

Agriculture

Wells for water supply

$Z < 5

5 - 10

10 - 15

15 - 20

> 20

%[&\x{#Y

N

Topography at 1: 10'000 scale (Valais canton)

GIS and spatial database forgroundwater modelling

Pegase's hydrogeological spatial databasecreated with the help of P. Ornstein (CREALP, Sion)

Perugia (Italy) meeting, 31 May 2001Hydrogeological Center contribution

PEGASE Swiss team leaderSwiss Federal Institute of technology

Institute of Soil and Water ManagementProf. A. Mermoud

PEGASE Swiss subcontractorUniversity of Neuchâtel - Institut of Geology

Hydrogeological Center of NeuchâtelDr M. Bouzelboudjen

PEGASE - Pesticides in European Groundwaters:detailed study of representative Aquifers andSimulations of possible Evolution scenarios

(European project 2000-2003)

3D Groundwater Model :

Thickness [m]Permeability 10-4[m/s]

Upper Silt Upper Silt (86 boreholes)(86 boreholes) 3.50.5

Upper Gravel Upper Gravel (35 boreholes)(35 boreholes) 8.56.5

Middle Silt Middle Silt (24 boreholes)(24 boreholes) 6.00.6

Lower Gravel Lower Gravel (24 boreholes)(24 boreholes) 8.0 (cst)7.0

Thickness (M) of Upper Silt (Layer 1) and Upper gravel (Layer 2)

An evaluation of the amount of water, resulting from precipitation, on the study area surface gives for the period 1978-1998 as average value:

10.2 °C for temperature 570 mm/year for precipitation, 430 mm/year for evapotranspiration (Turk's formula) and, 140 mm/year for the potential effective precipitation

4.1 Aquifer system structure

Globally, the alluvial aquifer in the Martigny area can be compared to a highly continuous heterogeneous single layer (thick of15-20 m) with a permeability varying between 10-2 and 10-3 m/s. The aquifer is surmounted by a thin layer (1-3m) with a permeability varying between 10-4 and 10-6 m/s. Locally the aquifer contains intercalations of low permeability material (10-6 m/s).

Hydraulic Potential (m), High Water, July 1999

Hydraulic Potential (m), Low Water, Mach 1999

FullyD

FullyG

MAR

Rhône river and aquifer relations : examples

10/11/00

10/12/00

10/13/00

10/14/00

10/15/00

10/16/00

10/17/00

10/18/00

10/19/00

10/20/00

10/21/00

10/22/00

459

460

461

462

463

464

465

Po

ten

tiel h

ydra

uliq

ue

(m

)

10/11/00

10/12/00

10/13/00

10/14/00

10/15/00

10/16/00

10/17/00

10/18/00

10/19/00

10/20/00

10/21/00

10/22/00

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

Pré

cip

itatio

n (

mm

/jou

r)(S

tatio

n d

e M

art

ign

y)

Legende :

Fu llyD | R hone Fu llyD S6L | 2m Fu llyD S8L | 27m Fu llyD S10L | 37m

10/11/00

10/12/00

10/13/00

10/14/00

10/15/00

10/16/00

10/17/00

10/18/00

10/19/00

10/20/00

10/21/00

10/22/00

459

460

461

462

463

464

465

Po

ten

tiel h

ydra

uliq

ue

(m

)

10/11/00

10/12/00

10/13/00

10/14/00

10/15/00

10/16/00

10/17/00

10/18/00

10/19/00

10/20/00

10/21/00

10/22/00

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

Pré

cip

itatio

n (

mm

/jou

r)(S

tatio

n d

e M

art

ign

y)

Legende :

Fu llyG | R hone Fu llyG S5L | 3 m Fu llyG S4L | 28 m Fu llyG S1L | 45 m

S10L

S8L

S6L Rhône

S5L

S4L

S1L

Rhône

Fully D

Fully G

Legend :

Precipitations (in black)

Rhône river (in blue)

Piezometers (in red)

Rhône river and aquifer relations

456

457

458

459

460

461

462

463P

ote

ntie

l hyd

rau

liqu

e (

m)

210

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

Pré

cip

itatio

n (

mm

/jou

r)(S

tatio

n d

e M

art

ign

y)

Legende :

S H G N 2024 | R hone M AR 4 | 280m M AR 2 | 1800m M AR 1 | 2400m

SHGN

2024

MAR4

MAR2

MAR1

Legend :

Precipitations

(in black)

Rhône river

(in blue)

Piezometers

(in red)

Rhône river and aquifer relations

Results of piezometric campaigns 1994 -2001 Results of piezometric campaigns 1994 -2001

Piezometric measurements were taken twice every year, in July (high water) and in February (low water). The interpretation of piezometric maps shows mainly that:

the aquifer general flow is parallel to the axis of the Rhône valley

in the Martigny area the Rhône infiltrates into the alluvial aquifer,

locally the main canals have a draining effect but recharge to the aquifer from canals can occur at specific

points at low water. The influence of valleysides is reduced.

Boundary conditions for 3D groundwater modelling (explanations in) :http://www.brgm.fr/pegase/compte%20rendus/martigny.ppt et ftp://sitelftp.unine.ch/Bouzelboudjen/Pegase_EU_Project_2002/

Martigny 3D Model (with Marthe Code) : Hydraulic Conductivity for upper gravel formation and for Rhône riverCell Size 50mx50m

Bleu : Rhône et

Canal du syndicat

Rouge : zone d ’étude de l ’infiltration des pesticides

Coupe N - SCoupe W - E

Martigny groundwater 3D Model (with Marthe code) : Simulated versus observed hydraulic potential - steady state, july 1999)

Martigny groundwater 3D Model (with Marthe code) : Simulated versus observed hydraulic potential – transient state, 1994-2001)

Martigny groundwater 3D Model (with Marthe code) : Simulated versus observed hydraulic potential – transient state, feb. 2001)

Martigny groundwater 3D Model (with Marthe code) : Particle tracking calculated from hydrodynamic model results (transient state, jul. 2001)

Pegase area (4 km2) : Piezometry and electric conductivity (May and July 2001), source : K. Meiwirth

Pegase area (4 km2) : Electric Conductivity observed (May and July 2001), source : K. Meiwirth