Penanganan Bahan PadatTeknik Kimia FT UNS

Sperisa distantinaPendahuluan (lanjutan): beberapaproses dengan penanganan bahan

padat

Cyanide extraction for Gold• PROCESS: Preparation

– ground into fine powder –– mixed in solution of NaCN (sodium cyanide) & water – referred as SLURRY

• PROCESS: extraction– Zinc powder is added to this gold-cyanide solution – which precipitates out the gold -– The mixture then goes thru a filter where the precipitate sticks to a heavy canvas filter

which is later cleaned to remove the gold.– Extreme heat is applied which burns off the Zn

• ENVIRONMENT: – Gold mines make sure that cyanide doesn't escape, by using containment systems and

recycling the water.– Entire operation must be kept on the alkaline side – HCN is volatile and poisonous

• ALTERNATIVE PROCESSES– Gold extraction by Mercury. Elemental Hg forms an amalgam with many metals, such

silver and gold. – Mercury boiled off, precious metals remain. – Practised in Central America 1570-1900, and in Brazil until now.

Gold mining

BlastingUnderground Mining

Ore and Waste Haulage

Heap leachingMilling

Oxidization

Leaching Stripping Electro-winning

Indicative Plant Layout

Cyanide extraction for Gold

Bitumen Extraction

Shovel/Truck Feeder/Crusher

Slurry Preparation

Feed SurgeHydrotransportto Extraction

BitumenFroth

Low Energy Extraction

ThickenerThickenedFine Tailings

Sand Tailings

Warm WaterReturn

Solvent

ParaffinicFroth

Treatment

SolventRecovery

Gold leaching processes from PCBs (printed circuit board)

Integrated Waste Plant

Boyle, Renewable Energy, Oxford University Press (2004)

Biomass Direct Combustion

Boyle, Renewable Energy, Oxford University Press (2004)

Managing Solid Wastes

Centralized Recycling Flowsheet

Industri tepung ketela pohon

Coffee processing