pengantar kimia koordinasi
DESCRIPTION
Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi. Kimia Anorganik II. d- Orbitals and Ligand Interaction (Octahedral Field). Ligands approach metal. d-orbitals pointing directly at axis are affected most by electrostatic interaction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi
Kimia Anorganik II
![Page 2: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
COMPOUNDS NOMENCLATURE[Co(NH3)3(NO2)3] Triamintrinitrokobalt (III)
[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] Diamindikloroplatina (II)
[Ni(DMG)2] Bisdimetilglioksimatonikel (II)
[Cr(NH3)6](NO3)3 Heksaminkromium (III) nitrat
[Co(NH3)5H2O]Cl3 Akuopentaminkobalt (III) klorida
[Pt(NH3)4NO2Cl](SO4)2 Tetraminkloronitroplatina (IV) sulfat
K3[Al(C2O4)3] Kalium trioksalatoaluminat (III)
NH4[Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4] Ammonium diamintetratiosianatokromat (III)
Ca2[Fe(CN)6] Kalsium heksasianoferrat (II)
![Page 23: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
d-Orbitals and Ligand Interaction(Octahedral Field)
Ligands approach metal
d-orbitals not pointing directly at axis are least affected (stabilized) by electrostatic interaction
d-orbitals pointing directly at axis are affected most by electrostatic interaction
![Page 41: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The six negative charges are equally distributedin a sphere around the metal
![Page 42: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Crystal Field Theory (CFT)
6Dq = 0.6 o 4Dq = 0.4 o
![Page 43: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
High Spin Vs. Low Spin (d1 to d10)Electron Configuration for Octahedral complexes of metal ion having d1 to d10 configuration [M(H2O)6]+n. Only the d4 through d7 cases have both high-spin and low spin configuration.
Electron configurations for octahedral complexes of metal ions having from d1 to d10 configurations. Only the d4 through d7 cases have both high-spin and low-spin configurations.
![Page 44: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
CFSE (Crystal Field Stabilization Energy)
n Konfiguration Unpair electron CFSE12345678910
t2g1 t2g2
t2g3
t2g3 eg1
t2g3 eg2
t2g4 eg2
t2g5 eg2
t2g6 eg2
t2g6 eg3
t2g6 eg4
1234543210
-4Dq-8Dq-12Dq-6Dq0Dq-4Dq + P-8Dq + 2P-12Dq + 3P-6Dq + 4P0Dq + 5P
Octahedral complexes, weak field ligand, high spin complexes
![Page 45: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Octahedral, Tetrahedral & Square Planar
CF Splitting pattern for various molecular geometry
M
dz2dx2-y2
dxzdxy dyz
M
dx2-y2 dz2
dxzdxy dyz
M
dxz
dz2
dx2-y2
dxy
dyz
OctahedralTetrahedral Square planar
Pairing energy Vs. Weak field < PeStrong field > Pe
Small High SpinMostly d8
(Majority Low spin)Strong field ligandsi.e., Pd2+, Pt2+, Ir+, Au3+
![Page 46: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Color Absorption of Co3+ Complexes
The Colors of Some Complexes of the Co3+ Ion
The complex with fluoride ion, [CoF6]3+, is high spin and has one absorption band. The other complexes are low spin and have two absorption bands. In all but one case, one of these absorptions is in the visible region of the spectrum. The wavelengths refer to the center of that absorption band.
Complex Ion Wavelength of Color of Light Color of Complex light absorbed Absorbed
[CoF6] 3+ 700 (nm) Red Green
[Co(C2O4)3] 3+ 600, 420 Yellow, violet Dark green
[Co(H2O)6] 3+ 600, 400 Yellow, violet Blue-green
[Co(NH3)6] 3+ 475, 340 Blue, violet Yellow-orange
[Co(en)3] 3+ 470, 340 Blue, ultraviolet Yellow-orange
[Co(CN)6] 3- 310 Ultraviolet Pale Yellow
![Page 47: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Colors & How We Perceive it
800
430
650 580
560
490
Artist color wheelshowing the colors whichare complementary to oneanother and the wavelengthrange of each color.
400
![Page 48: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Black & White
If a sample absorbs all wavelength of visible light, none reaches our eyes from that sample. Consequently, it appears black.
When a sample absorbs light, what we see is the sum of the remaining colors that strikes our eyes.
If the sample absorbs novisible light, it is white or colorless.
![Page 49: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Absorption and Reflection
If the sample absorbsall but orange, thesample appears orange.
Further, we also perceive orange color when visible light of all colors except blue strikes our eyes. In a complementary fashion, if the sample absorbed only orange, it would appear blue; blue and orange are said to be complementary colors.
750
430
650 580
560
490
400
![Page 50: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Light absorption Properties of Metal Complexes
Recording the absorption Spectrum
![Page 51: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Complex Influence on Color
Compounds of Transition metal complexes solution.
[Fe(H2O)6]3+
[Co(H2O)6]2+
[Ni(H2O)6]2+
[Cu(H2O)6]2+
[Zn(H2O)6]2+
800
430
650 580
560
490
400
![Page 52: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Determine the field strength by measuring absorbed energy
Absorbancy
wavelength max
chE .
Absorded energy is energy used for exitation or the electrons from t2g to tg
Spectrophotometry method
![Page 53: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
TEORI ORBITAL MOLEKUL
• Graphically these two orbitals look like this:
![Page 54: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
Constructive Overlapof two 1s orbitals
Destructive Overlap of two1s orbitals
![Page 55: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Bonding orbital Anti-bonding orbital
Lower energy Higher energyStable UnstableFavorable for electrons Unfavorable for electronsElectrons exist between nuclei Electrons exist outside
![Page 56: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
• Energetically, the molecular orbitals split.1. The 1s lies lower in energy.2. The 1s
* is higher in energy.
![Page 57: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
57
• The head-on overlap of two corresponding p atomic orbitals on different atoms, such as 2px with 2px, produces:
1. bonding orbital
2. antibonding orbital
x2p*σ
x2pσ
![Page 58: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
58
• Graphically, these orbitals look like this:
![Page 59: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
• Graphically these orbitals look like this:
![Page 60: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
1s 1s
1s
*1s
2s 2s
2s
*2s
2p 2p2px
*2px
2py 2pz
*2py
*2pz
N N
7 electrons + 7 electrons
![Page 61: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Orbital Molekul [Co(NH3)6]3+
61
![Page 62: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Orbital Molekul [CoF6]3-
62
![Page 63: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
![Page 64: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
64
![Page 65: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
65
![Page 66: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
66
![Page 67: Pengantar Kimia Koordinasi](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081417/56816076550346895dcfa028/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
67