penicillinase resistant penicillins ( prp ) -1940, 90% s. aureus strains were sensitive to pen g...

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Penicillinase Resistant Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins ( PRP ) Penicillins ( PRP ) - - 1940 1940 , , 90% 90% S. aureus S. aureus strains were strains were sensitive to pen G sensitive to pen G - - 1960 1960 , , 50% 50% S. aureus S. aureus were seusitive to pen G were seusitive to pen G - - - Beecham : synthesized thousands of Beecham : synthesized thousands of semisynthetic Penicillins , Screened semisynthetic Penicillins , Screened against P.P. against P.P. S. aureus S. aureus - - Due to the bulky side chain in Due to the bulky side chain in methicillin, it will not fit into the methicillin, it will not fit into the tube “acive site tube “acive site - - Methicillin is mainly excreted renally, Methicillin is mainly excreted renally, Interstitial nephritis Interstitial nephritis

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  • Slide 1
  • Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins ( PRP ) -1940, 90% S. aureus strains were sensitive to pen G -1960, 50% S. aureus were seusitive to pen G - -Beecham : synthesized thousands of semisynthetic Penicillins, Screened against P.P. S. aureus - Due to the bulky side chain in methicillin, it will not fit into the tube acive site -Methicillin is mainly excreted renally, Interstitial nephritis
  • Slide 2
  • Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins ( PRP ) Isoxazole PRP Oxacillin:- -Relatively orally active -Excreted both renally and hepatically -Oral absorption is incomplete due to high polarity - Cloxacillin is more lipophilic than oxacillin and has a better oral absorption - Dicloxacillin is the best in case of oral absorption - Dicloxacillin and flucloxacillin are used for mixed Staph & Strept infections
  • Slide 3
  • Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins ( PRP ) a- Tonsilitis, Dicloxacillin and better yet augmentin b- Impetigo Skin disease Dicloxacillin and better yet oral cefuroxime axetil and topical mupirocin Bactroban -The advantage of nafcillin is that it is excreted hepatically and is good candidate in case of renal insufficiency