people facing the sun...ancestor eugenia mendez 4 land rights & recognition property of...
TRANSCRIPT
Fernandeño Tataviam Band of Mission Indians
People Facing the Sun2019
3 Colonization
Overview
2 Pre-Mission
1 P.S.A.
4 Land Rights & Recognition
1 P.S.A.
2 Pre-Mission
Kawenga
Wa´atnga
Jucjauyanga
Talepop
Topipabit
Coaynga
SanGabriel
ElEscorpionRancho El Encino
Rancho Tujunga
RanchoPatzkunga
RanchoSikwanga
Tapuu
Rancho Cahuenga
Pi´irukngaRanchoCamulos
San FernandoValleyRancho
© Territory map, courtesy of The Fernandeño Tataviam Band of Mission Indians
Each village had one lineage.
The lineage was a tribe.
Each lineage was sovereign/autonomous.
There is no “single name” to describe these lineages, because each lineage was sovereign.
Each lineage was a tribe.There is no tribe above the lineage.
Regional Groups are lineages that share a common language, but speak many dialects.
Regional Groups are like “ethnicities” today.
Regional Groups are not tribes because the lineages are the tribes.
Regional Groupsare not tribes.
Sivavitam
Simivitam
Tatáviam
Komívitam(Gabrieleno People)
Pipimaram
Amútskajam(Kitanemuk) Mohineyam
(Vanyume)
Kaivitam(Serrano)
Chumash
Akwakwajam
Atōskajam
3 COLONIZATION
The California missions began in the late 18th century as an effort to convert Native Americans to Catholicism and expand European territory. There were 21 missions in all, lasting from 1769 until about 1833.
Maintained indigenous traditions under the guise of catholic rules as an act of survival
“Missions were California’s first mass incarceration system”
The Tribe is a coalition of lineages that were enslaved at Mission San Fernando.
The coalition descends from a historic community of Fernandeño Indians
Fernandeño TataviamBand of Mission Indians
-nga: means “place/here”
-bit /vit: means “I am from/of”
-veat: means “the country of”
-am: makes the subject plural
Language Activity“I am from Tujunga” (Root Word: Tuju-)
“People of Tujunga”
Answer: Tujubit
Answer: Tujuvitam
Basic Takic Language Suffixes
Ancestor Setimo Lopez
INDIGENOUS-DERIVED PLACE NAMES
Cahuenga (Kawénga)Tujunga (Tujúnga)Tapo Canyon(Ta’apunga)Malibu (Humaliwo)Piru(Pi’iruknga)Pacoima (Pacoinga)Castaic (Castec)Topanga (Tupa’nga)
SPANISH TRANSLATIONS OF NATIVE PLACE NAMES
Calabasas (Wanganga: place of wild gourds)Spanish: Calabasas means pumpkinsEncino (Siutcanga: place of any oak)Spanish: Encino means Oak Tree
Our Homelands
Name Breakdown.
Translation: Associated with Mission
San Fernando.
Represents a coalition of lineages
that are associated with Mission San
Fernando. “Fernandeño” is not a
tribe; it is a coalition of independent
lineages.
“Fernandeño”
Language: SpanishTranslation: “People facing the
sun.”
This name was given to the
ancestors in the Santa Clarita
Valley region by their neighbors
to the North (present-day Tejon
Indian Tribe)
“Tataviam”
Language: Kitanemuk
Ancestor Eugenia Mendez
4 Land Rights & Recognition
Property of Fernandeño Tataviam Band of Mission Indians
Potential Reservation Lands
Petition for Ex-Mission San Fernando Land: 1843
Frank Lewis, 1892
Lands Grants & Dispossession
Rancho El Encino
Rancho Tujunga
Rancho Cahuenga
Rancho Sikwanga
Rancho Patzkunga
Rancho Escorpion
• Land with natural water sources became extraordinarily valuable to Anglo Settlers
• Local state courts were against our ancestors’ claims to the land
• Impossible for the San Fernando Mission Indian defendants to affirm rights to land that would have formed the foundation for a reservation.
Captain Antonio Maria Ortega and 6 Mission Indians occupied their ancestral land
Land “belonged” to Benjamin K. Porter and Charles Maclay.
On July 1, 1876, Porter and Maclay took the natives to court
On February 12, 1878, the court reaffirmed ownership to Porter and Maclay, and fined the Indians $500 plus $50 rent for every month since July 1, 1876.
Porter & Maclay vs. Pablo Cota et. al
This coalition consists of three principle lineages traditionally known as Siutcabit, Tujubit, and Kavwevit.
As the lineage members were forced to speak English in the late 19th Century, they adopted the surname of their lineage leader.
Today, these three lineages are known as the Ortega lineage (representing ancestor Maria Rita Alipas Ortega), the Garcia lineage (representing ancestor Josephine Leyvas Garcia), and the Ortiz lineage (representing ancestor Joseph Ortiz).
26 VillagesThree Families
900+ Citizens
150-Year Pursuit
Replace textThere is no tribe above the lineage.
Hakup a’ai(thank you)