people who inject drugs
DESCRIPTION
CONTENT Data availability and population size estimates HIV prevalence and epidemiology Risk behaviors Vulnerability and HIV knowledge National responseTRANSCRIPT
www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDSData Hub for Asia-PacificReview in slides
People who inject drugsLast updated: November 2015
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
2
Data availability and population size estimates
HIV prevalence and epidemiology
Risk behaviors
Vulnerability and HIV knowledge
National response
CONTENT
www.aidsdatahub.org
Data availability and population size estimates
People who inject drugs population size estimates, countries where data is available
Estimated PWID (a) Year of estimate Year of reporting HIV prevalence (b)
1 Afghanistan 36,000 2015 2015 Male - 4.4 (2012)
2 Australia 215,000 2005 2015 Total- 2.1 (2013)
3 Bangladesh 23,800 2009 2015 Total- 1.1 (2011)
4 Brunei 3,000 – 4,000 2004 Not available
5 Cambodia 1,300 2012 2015 Total- 24.8 (2012)
6 China 2,170,000 2011 2014 Total- 6 (2014)
7 India 177,000 2012 2014 Total- 7.2 (2010-11)
8 Indonesia 74,326 2012 2014 Total- 36.4 (2011)
9 Lao PDR 1,709 2014 2015 Not available
10 Malaysia 170,000 2014 2015 Male- 16.6 (2014)
11 Maldives 400 … 2010 0 (2008)
12 Myanmar 83,000 2014 2015 Total- 23.1 (2014)
13 Nepal 52,174 2012 2014 Male- 6.3 (2011)
14 Pakistan 104,848 2011 2015 Total- 27.2 (2011)
15 Philippines 14,400 (12,304-16,607) 2011 2011* Total- 44.9 (2013)
16 Papua New Guinea 5,000 – 10,000 2004* Not available
17 Singapore 10,000 – 20,000 2004* Total-1.5 (2014)
18 Sri Lanka 423 2013 2015 Total – 0 (2014)
19 Thailand 40,300 2010 2015 Total- 19 (2014)
20 Timor Leste 53 2014 2015 Not available
21 Viet Nam 271,506 2013 2014 Male- 10.5 (2014)
Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org ; Note: a) Please see next slide for references; b) National HIV Sentinel Surveillance surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioral surveys reported in GARPR 2013 to 2015
* Year of source reference
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
References: People who inject drugs population size estimates
5
1. Afghanistan Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 20152. Australia Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 20153. Bangladesh Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015 based on Population Size Estimates for Most at Risk Populations for HIV in Bangladesh 2009.4. Aceijas, C., Stimson, G. V., Hickman, M., et al. (2004). Global Overview of Injecting Drug Use and HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users. AIDS, 18(17), 2295-
23035. Cambodia Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015 based on NACD,NCHADS, and KHANA. (2014). National Population Size Estimation, HIV Related Risk
Behaviours and HIV Prevalence among People Who Use Drugs in Cambodia in 2012.6. Ministry of Health China, WHO, and UNAIDS. (2011). 2011 Estimates for the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in China (Unpublished).7. National AIDS Control Organisation India, Department of AIDS Control, & Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. (2011). Annual Report 2010-11.8. Indonesia Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015 based on Ministry of Health.(2013). Estimasi Populasi Rawan Tertular HIV di Indonesia Tahun 2012
(In Indonesian Language) 9. Lao PDR Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201510. Malaysia Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201511. Sharma, M., Oppenheimer, E., Saidel, T., et al. (2009). A Situation Update on HIV Epidemics among People Who Inject Drugs and National Responses in South-East
Asia Region. AIDS, 23, 1405–1413.12. Myanmar Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201513. Nepal Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2014 based on Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Home Affairs. (2013). Survery Report on Current Hard
Drug Users in Nepal -206914. Pakistan Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201515. Philippine National AIDS Council. (2011). Estimates of the Most At-Risk Population and People Living with HIV16. Aceijas, C., Stimson, G. V., Hickman, M., et al. (2004). Global Overview of Injecting Drug Use and HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users. AIDS, 18(17), 2295-
230317. Ibid.18. Sri Lanka Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015 based on National STD/AIDS Control Programme and the Family Planning Association of Sri Lanka.
(2013). National Size Estimation of Most at Risk Populations (MARPs) for HIV in Sri Lanka 19. Thailand Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201520. Timor Leste Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 201521. Viet Nam Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2014
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Size estimates of PWID as proportion of adult male population (15-49) years
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on size estimates of PWID ( please see the information provided in the previous 2 slides) and adult male population (15-49) years is based on annual population based on UN Population Division. (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision - Extended Dataset.
Sri Lan
ka
Timor L
este
CambodiaIndia
Banglad
esh
Philippines
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Thailan
d
Pakistan
Maldives
Afghanist
anChina
Myanmar
Nepal
Viet N
am
Malays
ia0
1
2
3
0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.1 0.1 0.22 0.230.4 0.45
0.6 0.60.82
1
2
% Regional median 0.2%; Range 0.01% - 2%
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Data availability of PWID in HIV sentinel surveillance surveys conducted between 2009 and 2013
7Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National HIV Sentinel Surveys; Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting; and www.aidsinfoonline.org
Conducted between 2009-2013
Survey report available
Age disaggregated data reported in global ...
Age disaggregated data available from surv...
Gender disaggregated data reported in glob...
Gender disaggregated data available from s...HIV
sen
tinel
sur
veill
ance
sur
veys
0 26
6
5
4
2
4
0
Number of countries assessed
Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar
Myanmar and Viet Nam
Bangladesh, China, India, and Viet Nam
Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam
Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Data availability of PWID in behavioral surveys conducted between 2009 and 2013
8
Conducted between 2009-2013
Survey report available
Age disaggregated data reported in glo...
Age disaggregated data available from...
Gender disaggregated data reported in...
Gender disaggregated data available f...Beh
avio
ural
sur
veys
incl
udin
g IB
BS
0 26
11
8
9
2
8
1
Number of countries assessed
Afghanistan, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam
Afghanistan, China, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam
Afghanistan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Viet Nam
Afghanistan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam
Nepal, Philippines
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys; Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting; and www.aidsinfoonline.org
Philippines
www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV prevalence and epidemiology
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs, 2010-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys; 3) www.aidsinfoonline.org
Sri Lanka (
2014)
Banglad
esh (2
011)
Afghanistan
(201
2)
China (201
4)
Nepal
(2011) *
India (201
0-11)
Viet N
am (2
014)
Malaysia
(2014)
Thailand (2
014)
Myanmar
(2014
)
Cambodia
(2012
)
Pakistan
(201
1)
Indonesia (2
011)
Philippines (
2013)
**0
10
20
30
40
50
0 1.14.4 6 6.3 7.2
10.5
16.619
23.1 24.827.2
36.4
44.9
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
* Kathmandu ** Cebu and Mandaue
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs by gender, 2010-2014
11Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys; and 3) www.aidsinfoonline.org
Bangladesh (2011)
Afghanistan (2012)
China (2014)
Nepal (2011)
India (2010-11)
Viet Nam (2
014)
Malaysia (2014)
Thailand (2
014)
Pakistan* (2011)
Philippines (2
013)0
10
20
30
40
50
1.04.4 6 6.3 7.0
10.516.6
25.2 27.3
47
1.16.2
13.0318
30.4
Men who inject drugs Female who inject drugs
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
* Sample of women who inject drugs < 50
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs by age group, 2010-2014
12Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys; 3) www.aidsinfoonline.org
Banglad
esh (2
011)
Afghanist
an (201
2)
China (201
4)
India (20
10-11
)
Viet N
am (2
014)
Nepal (2
011)
Malaysia
(201
4)
Pakistan (2
011)
Myanmar
(2014
)
Thailand (2
012)
Indonesia (2
011)
Philippines (
2013
)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.7 2.7 3.0 5.3 2.8 1.1
33.9
16.8
25.0
11.6
41.2
<25 yr
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV prevalence among PWID in geographical locations that are higher than national prevalence, 2010-2014
13Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys; 3). Li L, Assanangkornchai S, Duo L, McNeil E, Li J (2014) Risk Behaviors, Prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Population Size of Current Injection Drug Users in a China-Myanmar Border City: Results from a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey in 2012. PLoS ONE 9(9): e106899. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0106899
Herat (2
012)
Dhaka (
2011
)
Phnom Penh (2
012)
Ruili City
(201
3)
Punjab (2
010-1
1)
Delhi (2
010-1
1)
Jaka
rta (2
011)
Surabay
a (20
11)
Kelantan
(201
4)
Myitky
ina (20
14)
Yangon (2
014)
Kathman
du (201
1)
Faisala
bad (2
011)
Karach
i (201
1)
Lahore
(2011
)
Cebu (2
013)
Bangko
k (20
12)
Hanoi (2
013)
Can Tho (2
013)
HCMC (201
3)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
15.7
5.3
33.7
18.3 21.1 18.3
56.448.8
35.5 33
6.3
52.5
42.2
30.8
52.3
23.7 24 23.518
Afghanistan Bangladesh Cambodia China India IndonesiaMalaysia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines ThailandViet Nam
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV prevalence among PWID in geographical locations where rising HIV prevalence trends are observed, 2005-2013
14Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys; 3) www.aidsinfoonline.org
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
36.4
56.4
27.2
42.246.1
52.4
Indonesia JakartaPakistan KarachiPhilippines ** Cebu*
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
* male PWID
** 2013 data for Cebu and Mandaue reported as national
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
56.4
2012.5
52.4
18.54 1824
Indonesia (Jakarta) Myanmar (Lashio) Myanmar (Mandalay) Philippines (Cebu)*Thailand (Bangkok) Viet Nam (HCMC) Viet Nam (Hanoi)
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
Trends in HIV prevalence among PWID in ASEAN states/cities, where data is available, 2003-2013
15Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys
* male PWID
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Trends in HIV prevalence among PWID in SAARC states/cities, where data is available, 2002-2012
16Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys; 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
15.7
5.3
18.3
6.3
42.2
30.8
Afghanistan (Herat) Bangladesh (Dhaka) India (Delhi)Nepal (Kathmandu) Pakistan (Karachi) Pakistan (Lahore)
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Hepatitis C and syphilis prevalence among PWID, countries where data is available, 2009-2014
17Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys and 2) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys
Afghanistan (H
erat, 2
012)
Afghanistan (K
abul, 2
012)
Banglades
h (Dhak
a, 20
11)
Bangladesh (C
handpur, 201
1)
India (Mah
arashtra
, 200
9-10)
Indonesia
(Medan
, 201
1)
Indonesia
(Jaka
rta, 2
011)
Myanmar
(Yan
gon, 2014
)
Nepal (K
athman
du, 201
1)
Nepal (P
okhara,
2011
)
Philippines
(Cebu, 2
013)
*
Philippines
(Ceb
u, 201
3) **
Philippines
(Man
daue,
2013
)*
Viet N
am (Can
Tho, 200
9)
Viet N
am (Hai
Phong, 200
9)0
20
40
60
80
100
71
2840
6452
88
56
3 6 4 6 8 6 4 110 0 6 13
2 2 2
Hepatitis CSyphilis
Prev
alen
ce (%
)
* male PWID; ** Female PWID
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of HIV transmission through injecting drug use among reported HIV cases, 2011-2015
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1. Country Global AIDS Response Progress Reports 2015; 2. Directorate General of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Ministry of Health, Indonesia (Feb 2014). Situation Progress Report of HIV and AIDS in Indonesia in 2013 (Laporan Situasi Perkembangan HIV & AIDS di Indonesia tahun 2013, Kementerian Kesehatan RI 2013) ; 3. National Epidemiology Center Philippines. (2015). Philippines HIV/AIDS Registry: July 2015; 4. National AIDS Control Organisation India, Department of AIDS Control, & Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. (2012). Annual Report 2011-12.; 5. Ministry of Health Malaysia (2014). HIV and AIDS Reporting (1986-2013); 6. Ministry of Health, Singapore (2015). Update on the HIV/AIDS Situation in Singapore 2014.; 7. National AIDS Control Programme Sri Lanka. (2013). Retrieved 10 October 2014, from http://www.aidscontrol.gov.lk/web/index.php/en/statistics/hiv ; and 8. National Centre for AIDS and STD Control, Teku, Kathmandu (2014). Factsheet 2: Reported HIV Cases, as of Asar 2071 (15 July 2014). ; 9. Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health Hong Kong. (2014). Hong Kong STD/AIDS Update, Vol. 19, No.1, Quarter 1 2013
Singapore* (2014)
Sri Lanka** (
2013)
India* (2011-12)
Philippines**(J
uly 2015)
Hong Kong (March 2013)
China* (2014)
Indonesia* (2013)
Nepal ** (July 2014)
Malaysia*(2013)
Vietnam*(2011)0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Others
Injecting drug use
* New HIV cases
** Cumulative HIV cases
www.aidsdatahub.org
Risk behaviours
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Average number of injections among people who inject drugs, 2006-2013
20
Pakistan (Larkana, 2011)
Pakistan (Faisalabad, 2011)
Philippines (2
013)*
Bangladesh (Dhaka, 2006-07)
Malaysia (2012)
Bangladesh (Rajshahi, 2
006-07)
Indonesia (Jakarta
, 2011)
Indonesia (Medan, 2011)
Nepal (Kathmandu, 2011)
Nepal (Pokhara, 2011)
02468
10
3 3 3 2 2 2
7 7
3.9 3.6
average injections per day (or) in the last dayaverage injections per week (or) in the last week
Num
ber o
f inj
ectio
ns
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys;
* Cebu and Mandaue
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Average duration of injecting drugs among PWID, 2006-2012
21Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys
0
2
4
6
8
10 98 7
7 6 65 5
43 3 2
Dur
atio
n of
inje
ctin
g dr
ugs
(yea
r)
* weighted years
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of safe injection practices among PWID (regional median trend*)
22Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
2010 2012 2013 2014 20150
20
40
60
80
10084 82 80 79 78
%
* latest available data from UNGASS/ Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (GARPR) 2010 to 2015
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of PWID who reported safe injection practice at last injection, 2006-2014
23Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Nepal (2
011)
Viet N
am (2014
)
Malays
ia (20
14)
India (20
09) *
Indonesia
(2011
)
Myanmar (2
014)
Thailand (2
014)
Afghanist
an (201
2)
China (201
4)
Maldives
(200
8)
Pakistan (2
011)
Sri Lan
ka (20
14)
Banglad
esh (2
006-07
)
Philippines (
2013
)
Cambodia (2
012)
Regional
median
0
20
40
60
80
10095 95 93
87 87 86 8578 78
7266
4636 33 29
78
Safe
inje
ctio
n (%
)
*Manipur
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
24
Proportion of PWID who reported safe injection practice at last injection by gender, 2006-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Bangladesh (2006-07)
Philippines (2
013)
Pakistan (2011)
China (2014)
Afghanistan (2012)
India (2009)*
Thailand (2
014)
Malaysia (2014)
Viet Nam (2
014)
Nepal (2011)
0
20
40
60
80
100
74
27
85 7990
Men who inject drugs
Safe
inje
ctio
n (%
)
*Manipur
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
25
Proportion of PWID who reported safe injection practice at last injection by age group, 2006-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Philippines (
2013
)
Banglades
h (2006
-07)
Pakistan (2
011)
China (201
4)
Afghanist
an (201
2)
Myanmar (2
014)
India (200
9)*
Indonesia (2
011)
Thailand (2
014)
Malays
ia (20
14)
Nepal (2
011)
Viet N
am (2
014)
0
20
40
60
80
100
36 41
63 65 64
87 85 8296 97 94
< 25 yr 25 + yr
Safe
inje
ctio
n (%
)
*Manipur
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Pakistan (Lahore, 2011)
Indonesia (2011) Bangladesh (Dhaka, 2011)**
India (Maharastra, 2009-10)
Myanmar (Yangon, 2013)***
Nepal (Kathmandu,
2011)
0
40
80
28 38 45 47 58
9731 36
5 14 16 6
Consistent use of sterile injecting equipment * HIV prevalence%
2005 2006-07
2008 2009 2010 20110
20406080
100
010203040
45 4327.53.8
30.8
Pakistan, Lahore (2005-2011)
Safe
inje
ctio
n in
the
past
mon
th(%
)
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
020406080
100
020406080
54.178.3 88.1 93.1 97.468
6.3
Nepal, Kathmandu (2002-2011)
Safe
inje
ctio
n in
the
past
wee
k(%
)
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(%)
Correlation between safe injection practice and HIV prevalence among PWID
* Duration of consistent use of sterile injecting equipment varies from last week to last 6 months;** Behavioral data for 2006-07, Never used used-needles and syringes; *** Behavioral data for 2008
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National HIV Sentinel Surveillance Reports; Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Reports
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of PWID engaged in commercial sex in the past 12 months, 2006-2013
27Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys
Afghanistan* (H
erat, 2
012)
Bangladesh
(Dhaka
, 2006-
07)
Pakista
n** (Turbat,
2011)
Bangladesh
(Rajs
hahi, 2006
-07)
Viet Nam
(Da N
ang, 2009)
Afghanistan* (M
azar-i-
Sharif, 2
012)
Viet Nam
(Hanoi, 2
009)
Nepal (Pokhara
, 2011)
India (Mahara
shtra, 20
09-10)
Pakista
n** (Kara
chi, 2011
)
Nepal (Kath
mandu, 2011)
Malaysi
a (201
2)
Pakista
n** (201
1)
Philippines
(Cebu, 2013)
Philippines
(Mandaue, 2
013)
0
20
40
60
80
100
7366
5547 45 45
38 38 34 30 2720
14 10 121 2
15 10 7
Had sex with female sex workers
Sold sex
%
* ever had sex with FSW **had sex with FSW in the past 6 months
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Proportion of PWID who reported condom use at last sex, 2006-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Cambodia(20
12)
India (20
13)
Viet N
am(20
14)
Bhutan(2008
)
Indonesia(
2011)
Thailand(20
14)
Nepal(201
1)
Banglad
esh(200
6-07)
China(2014
)
Sri Lan
ka (20
14)
Afghanist
an(2012
)
Myanmar(2
014)
Pakistan(20
11)
Malays
ia(201
4)
Philippines(2
013)
Regional
median0
20
40
60
80
100
65 63 59 54 52 47 47 45 45
26 23 23 23 2113
45
%
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of PWID reported condom use at last sex by gender, 2006-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org and India UNGASS Country Progress Report 2010
Philippines (2
013)
India * (2009)
Malaysia (2014)
Pakistan (2011)
Sri Lanka (2
014)
China (2014)
Bangladesh (2006-07)
Thailand (2
014)
Nepal (2011)
Viet Nam (2
014)
Myanmar (2008)
0
20
40
60
80
100
11
45 4655
Men who inject drugs Women who inject drugs
Con
dom
use
at l
ast s
ex (%
)
* Manipur
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of PWID reported condom use at last sex by age group, 2006-2014
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org and India UNGASS Country Progress Report 2010
India* (2009)
Philippines (2013)
Pakistan (2011)
Myanmar (2014)
Malaysia (2014)
Nepal (2011)
Bangladesh (2006-07)
China (2014)
Thailand (2014)
Indonesia (2011)
Viet Nam (2014)
0
20
40
60
80
100
13 1522 22
3040 43
53 5666
< 25 yr
25 + yr
Con
dom
use
at l
ast s
ex (%
)
* Manipur
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of PWID reported consistent condom use, 2006-2011
31
0
20
40
60
80
100in the past 12 months in the past 6 months in the past month
Con
sist
ent c
ondo
m u
se (%
)
* PWID in community
**PWID in rehabilitation centres
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys
www.aidsdatahub.org
Vulnerability and HIV knowledge
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Proportion of PWID with comprehensive HIV knowledge, 2006-2012
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveys; 2) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys; 3) UNAIDS. (2010). Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.
0
20
40
60
80
100
20 23 27 2944 45 49 49 54 57
6476
Com
preh
ensi
ve H
IV K
now
ledg
e (%
)
*Kathmandu
www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV expenditure
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
HIV prevention spending in Asia and the Pacific – low on HIV prevention among people who inject drugs, latest available year reported by countries, 2009-2013
Note: China and India did not report prevention spending breakdown
Total prevention spending
Prevention spending on key populations
Prevention spending on PWID
-
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
197,599,340
64,274,57027,893,182
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Trends in spending on PWID harm reduction programmes out of total prevention spending, countries where HIV prevalence among PWID is more than 10%, 2006-2013
36Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130%
50%
100%
5%
0.45
22%
0.52
10%3%
25%
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Pakistan
Philippines
Thailand
Viet Nam
Spen
ding
on
PWID
out
of t
otal
pr
even
tion
spen
ding
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Regionally, less than one-fifth of PWID prevention spending comes from domestic public sources
37Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Afghanist
an (2
013)
Bangladesh (2
013)
Cambodia (20
12)
Indonesia
(2012
)
Lao PDR (2
011)
Malays
ia (201
3)
Myanmar
(2011)
Nepal
(2009)
Pakist
an (2
013)
Philippines
(201
3)
Sri Lan
ka (2
010)
Thailand (2
013)
Viet N
am (2
012)
Regional0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
100 100 99
7
100
23
100 10072
9570
9481
19
Percent distribution of prevention spending on PWID by financing source, 2009-2013
InternationalDomestic
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Proportion of AIDS spending by major spending category, Asia and the Pacific, 2009-2013
38Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
AIDS spending breakdown is not available for China and India
Pala
u (2
013)
Tong
a (2
009)
DPR
Kore
a (2
011)
Papu
a Ne
w G
uine
a (2
012)
Mal
aysi
a (2
013)
Thai
land
(201
3)
Tim
or-L
este
(200
9)
Kirib
ati (
2012
)
Cam
bodi
a (2
012)
Indo
nesi
a (2
012)
Viet
Nam
(201
2)
Tuva
lu (2
013)
Naur
u (2
009)
Mon
golia
(201
1)
Phili
ppin
es (2
013)
Mya
nmar
(201
1)
Bang
lade
sh (2
013)
Mic
rone
sia
(201
3)
Lao
PDR
(201
1)
Nepa
l (20
09)
Solo
mon
Isla
nds
(201
1)
Mar
shal
l Isl
ands
(201
2)
Paki
stan
(201
3)
Sam
oa (2
013)
Vanu
atu
(201
3)
Afgh
anis
tan
(201
3)
Sri L
anka
(201
0)
Regi
onal
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
26
45
17
12
Prevention Care and treatment Programme management Others
Perc
ent S
pend
ing
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Proportion of prevention spending by category, 2009-2013
Note: Data from latest available year. China and India did not report prevention spending breakdown.
Myanmar (2011)Afghanistan (2013)Bangladesh (2013)
Pakistan (2013)Malaysia (2013)
Cambodia (2012)Palau (2013)Nepal (2009)
Lao PDR (2011)Viet Nam (2012)Sri Lanka (2010)Thailand (2013)
Marshall Islands (2012)Philippines (2013)
Indonesia (2012)Solomon Islands (2011)
Samoa (2013)Timor-Leste (2009)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Youth
Prevention mother-to-child
General prevention and others
Sex workers and their clients
People who inject drugs
Men who have sex with men
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Spending on HIV prevention programmes focused on PWID, 2009-2013
40Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on www.aidsinfoonline.org
Note: Data from latest available year. China and India do not report prevention spending breakdown.
Sri Lan
ka (20
10)
Indonesia (2
012)
Thailand (2
013)
Cambodia (2
012)
Lao PDR (2
011)
Philippines (
2013
)
Nepal (2
009)
Banglad
esh (2
013)
Myanmar (2
011)
Viet N
am (2012
)
Malays
ia (20
13)
Pakistan (2
013)
Afghanist
an (201
3)0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
31,948361,8361,250,551
626,957508,952445,5741,660,9382,199,191
4,404,891
6,752,371
4,381,9983,084,691
2,183,284
Share of harm reduction spending for PWID in total prevention spending (%)
PWID harm reduction spending (US $)
Am
ount
Spe
ndin
g (in
thou
sand
s)
Perc
ent s
pend
ing
(%)
www.aidsdatahub.org
National response
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Number of syringes distributed per PWID per year by Needle and Syringe Programmes (NSP), 2014
Medium coverage: >100–<200
syringes per PWID per year
Low coverage: <100 syringes
per PWID per year
High coverage: >200 syringes
per PWID per year
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) www.aidsinfoonline.org; and 2) Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
Cambodia
India
Banglad
eshChina
Pakistan
Myanmar
Afghanist
an
Viet N
am
Indonesia
Nepal
Malaysia
Thailand
Regional
median
0
100
200
300
124
Num
ber s
yrin
ges
dist
ribut
ed p
er
PWID
per
yea
r
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Medium coverage: >100–<200
syringes per PWID per year
Low coverage: <100 syringes
per PWID per year
High coverage: >200 syringes
per PWID per year
Afghanist
an
Banglad
esh
Cambodia
ChinaIndia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malays
ia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Thailand
Viet N
am
Regional med
ian0
100
200
300
400
124
2012 2013 2014
Num
ber o
f syr
inge
s di
strib
uted
pe
r PW
ID p
er y
ear
Number of syringes distributed per PWID per year, 2012-2014
43Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) www.aidsinfoonline.org; and 2) Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Number of needle and syringe programme (NSP) sites, 2011-2014
44Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
Afghanist
an
Banglad
esh
CambodiaChina
India
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malays
ia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Thailand
Viet N
am*
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
27 88 5
814401 232
692
51 60 14 425 1
37552011 2012 2013 2014
Num
ber o
f NSP
site
s
* reported 230 districts have NSP sites in 2014 but data not available for the number of NSP sites
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Reported number of people who use drugs received opioid substitution therapy, 2012-2014
45
China
Malays
ia
Viet N
am India
Myanmar
Thailan
d
Indonesia*
Nepal
Banglad
esh
Cambodia
Afghanist
an
Maldives
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
184,199
74,816
25,223 18,000 7,872 3,646 2,529 640 487 130 71 26
2012
2013
2014
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
on O
ST
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
* only number people on methadone is reported in 2014. 2012 and 2013 reported numbers includes number of people on methadone and estimate people on buprenorphine.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Number of opioid substitution therapy (OST) sites, 2011-2014
46
Afghanist
an
Banglades
h
CambodiaChina
India
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malays
ia
Maldives
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Thailand
Viet N
am0
200
400
600
800
1000
1 4 1
767
17890
838
1 35 15
140 134
2011 2012 2013 2014
Num
ber o
f OST
site
s
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Number of NSP and OST sites by country where data is available, 2014
47
Number of needles/syringes programme sites
Number of opioid substitution therapy sites
Afghanistan 27 1 Bangladesh 88 4 Cambodia 5 1 China 814 767 India 401 178 Indonesia 232 90 Lao PDR 5* 8* Malaysia 629 838 Maldives 0 1 Mongolia 1** 0 Myanmar 51 35 Nepal 60 15 Pakistan 14 1* Thailand 42 140 Viet Nam 230*** 134
*2012 data; **2013 data; ***reported number of districts that have NSP sites in 2014 but data not available for the number of NSP sites
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
HIV testing coverage among PWID, countries where data is available, 2006-2014
48Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Ministry of Health Indonesia.(2014). Recalculated HIV Testing Coverage presented at the Regional Management Meeting (RMM) 2014 using IBBS 2011 Data; Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015; and www.aidsinfoonline.org
* Programme data
Note: Data is not strictly comparable across countries since methods and sampling varied. In addition, many surveys were conducted in a few urban areas and it might not necessarily reflect prevailing conditions at the national level.
India (20
14)*
Indonesia (2
011)
Thailand (2
014)
China (201
4)
Malaysia
(201
4)
Bhutan (2
008)
Viet N
am (2
014)
Afghanist
an (201
2)
Myanmar
(2014
)
Nepal (201
1)
Maldives (
2008
)
Cambodia (2
014)*
Pakistan
(201
1)
Sri Lan
ka (20
14)
Philippines (
2013
)
Banglad
esh (2
006-07
)0
20
40
60
80
100
68 63 61
41 3828 28 23 22 21 17 15 9 8 7 5
HIV
test
ing
cove
rage
(%)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Latest!
Stalled progress in HIV testing coverage among key populations
49
2010 2012 2013 2014 20150
20
40
60
80
100
2228 28 24 22.35
HIV
test
ing
cove
rage
(%)
Note: regional median testing coverage is calculated using latest available data from UNGASS and GARPR 2010 to 2015 reporting rounds
HIV testing coverage among PWID (regional median)
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting 2015; and www.aidsinfoonline.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Punitive laws hindering the HIV response among PWID in South Asia
50
Compulsory detention centres for people who use
drugs
Death penalty for drug-related offences
Afghanistan NO NO INFO
Bangladesh NO YES
Bhutan NO NO
India NO YES
Maldives NO NO INFO
Nepal NO NO
Pakistan NO YES
Sri Lanka YES YES
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific in October 2014
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Punitive laws hindering the HIV response among PWID in South-East Asia
51
Compulsory detention centres for people who use
drugs
Death penalty for drug-related offences
Brunei YES YES Cambodia YES NO Indonesia YES YES Lao PDR YES YES Malaysia YES YES Myanmar YES YES Philippines NO NO Singapore YES YES Thailand YES YES Timor-Leste NO NO Viet Nam YES YES
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific in October 2014
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Punitive laws hindering the HIV response among PWID in East Asia
52
Compulsory detention centres for people who use
drugs
Death penalty for drug-related offences
China YES YES
Japan NO NO
Mongolia NO NO
DRP Korea NO YES
Rep of Korea NO YES
Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific in October 2014
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Punitive laws hindering the HIV response among PWID in the Pacific
53
Compulsory detention centres for people who use drugs
Death penalty for drug-related offences
Fiji NO NO INFO Kiribati NO NO Marshall Islands NO NO FSM* NO NO Nauru NO NO Palau NO NO Papua New Guinea NO NO INFO Samoa NO NO Solomon Islands NO NO Tonga NO NO Tuvalu NO NO Vanuatu NO NO
*Federated States of MicronesiaSource: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific in October 2014
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
54
THANK YOU
slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org
Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please
acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site