perfect

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V. Passerat The perfect tense The perfect tense (Le Pass (Le Pass é Composé) é Composé) 1- Use and formation 1- Use and formation 2- Perfect with Avoir 2- Perfect with Avoir 3- Perfect with Etre 3- Perfect with Etre 4-Time expressions 4-Time expressions

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V. Passerat

The perfect tenseThe perfect tense(Le Pass(Le Passé Composé) é Composé)

1- Use and formation1- Use and formation2- Perfect with Avoir2- Perfect with Avoir3- Perfect with Etre3- Perfect with Etre4-Time expressions4-Time expressions

V. Passerat

1-Use and formation • This tense is used to describe a

single completed action in the past.

• It needs 2 parts: the auxiliary verb (avoir or être in the present) and the past participle.

V. Passerat

Regular past participles• The past participle of a verb is the form

that generally corresponds to the –ed ending in English (played, changed, finished…)

• -ER verbs end in –é (manger mangé)• -RE verbs end in –u (vendre vendu)• -IR verbs end in –i (finir fini)

V. Passerat

2-Avoir verbs • Most verbs use the auxiliary avoir . • The endings always stay the same.

-ER -RE -IRREGARDER VENDRE FINIR

J’ai regardé vendu finiTu as regardé vendu finiIl, Elle, On a regardé vendu finiNous avons regardé vendu finiVous avez regardé vendu finiIls, Elles ont regardé vendu fini

V. Passerat

Irregular past participles

Avoir (j’ai eu/I had), être (j’ai été/I was), faire (j’ai fait/I did), peindre (j’ai peint/I painted).Ending in “it”: Ending in “ert”:dire (j’ai dit/I said) offrir (j’ai offert/I offered) écrire (j’ai écrit/I wrote) ouvrir (j’ai ouvert/I opened) Ending in “is”:mettre (j’ai mis/I put)prendre (j’ai pris/I took)promettre (j’ai promis/I promised)remettre (j’ai remis/I put back),

V. Passerat

Ending in “u”: boire (j’ai bu/I drank), connaître (j’ai connu/Iknew), courir (j’ai couru/I ran), devoir (j’ai dû/I had to), disparaître (j’ai disparu/I disappeared), lire (j’ai lu/read), pleuvoir (il a plu/It rained), pouvoir (j’ai pu/I could), recevoir (j’ai reçu/I received), savoir (j’ai su/I knew), tenir (j’ai tenu/I held), vivre (j’ai vécu/I lived), voir (j’ai vu/I saw), vouloir (j’ai voulu/I wanted).

V. Passerat

3- Etre verbs• There are some verbs that use the

auxiliary être.• In that case, the past participle

agrees with the subject (masculine, feminine, singular or plural endings).

V. Passerat

-ER -RE -IR ALLER DESCENDRE PARTIR

Je suis allé(e) descendu(e) parti(e)Tu es allé(e) descendu(e) parti(e)Il,Elle, On est allé(e) descendu(e) parti(e)Nous sommes allé(e)s descendu(e)s parti(e)sVous êtes allé(e)(s) descendu(e)(s) parti(e)(s)Ils, Elles sont allé(e)s descendu(e)s parti(e)s

V. Passerat

List of Etre verbs• Monter (to go up) monté(e)(s)• Rester (to stay) resté(e)(s)• Venir (to come) venu(e)(s)• Arriver (to arrive) arrivé(e)(s)• Naître (to be born) né(e)(s)• Sortir (to go out) sorti(e)(s)• Tomber(to fall) tombé(e)(s)• Rester (to stay) resté(e)(s)• Aller (to go) allé(e)(s)• Mourir (to die) mort(e)(s)• Partir (to leave) parti(e)(s)• Entrer (to enter) entré(e)(s)• Descendre (to get off/go down) descendu(e)(s)

V. Passerat

Reflexive verbs• All reflexive verbs use the auxiliary être in the

perfect tense.Se lever (to get up)

Je me suis levé(e)Tu t’es levé(e)Il,Elle,On s’est levé(e)Nous nous sommes levé(e)sVous vous êtes levé(e)(s)Ils,Elles se sont levé(e)s

V. Passerat

4- Time expressions• L’année dernière (last year)• Avant-hier (the day before yesterday)• Hier (yesterday)• Hier matin/soir (yesterday morning/evening)• Pendant les dernières vacances (during the

last holidays)• La semaine dernière (last week)• Le week-end dernier (last week-end)