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Performance Analysis (PA) and Performance Development Programme

(PDP): Football

AS and A Level Physical Education

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Physical Education (9PE0)

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced Subsidiary GCE in Physical Education (9PE0)

1 © Pearson Education Ltd 2016

AS and A Level Physical Education 2016

Performance Analysis – Football

Physiological component

Introduction

I am a midfield player – like all footballers a wide range of components of fitness

are required for top performance.

Muscular endurance: the ability of a muscle to resist fatigue while exerting a

force, performing repeated muscular action over an extended period – necessary in

football because you must be able to perform to the best of your ability for the full

90 minutes and in some cases 120 minutes.

Cardiovascular endurance: the ability of the heart, blood and blood vessels to

work collectively to perform their function of fulfilling the needs of the cells in the

body, by delivering oxygen and removing waste – necessary in football because

you must be able to perform for the full 90 minutes and in some cases 120 minutes

without the build-up of lactic acid.

Aerobic endurance: the ability of the aerobic energy pathway to meet the

demands of an activity – necessary in football because you must be able to perform

to the best of your ability for the full 90 minutes.

Dynamic strength: the ability to exert significant muscular force repeatedly. This

is used when taking multiple goal kicks as a goalkeeper or when making several

long passes as a centre midfielder.

Static strength: the ability to exert a sustained force without significant

movement – needed when shielding the ball from opposition when in midfield.

Co-ordination: the ability to link movements together, either with other

movements or in relation to an external object such as a football – important as

you need to make good contact when kicking the ball, especially when shooting.

Balance: a measure of the ability to control the position of the body – important as

you need balance to control yourself when shooting.

Agility: the ability to change position quickly whilst maintaining your centre of

balance – important for football players as they need to be able to dribble past

multiple defenders in order to create a goal.

Power: the ability to exert a force quickly, calculated as strength multiplied by

speed – important as it is required when jumping up to head the ball. The more

power you have, the higher you can jump and the more effective you will be at

winning headers.


Speed: how fast you can cover a certain distance – important as speed will help

you to get to a loose ball first or help you to accelerate away from a defender in

order to create a chance to score.

For my position I think the most important components are: speed, aerobic

endurance and power.

Speed

Type of test My score Normative data

comparison

30 metre sprint 4.71 seconds POOR: > 4.6 seconds [Source: Topend Sports]

According to the normative data comparison my result was ‘poor’ meaning this is

something I need to work on, especially in pre-season training. I sometimes play

wide, so speed to get past defenders in a 1 v 1 situation can be important.

Reliability

I think the test was reliable because I tried to make sure things were done

properly. I warmed up, and took the test on a flat, dry surface outside when it was

not windy. The time keepers knew what they were doing to give me an accurate

time.

Validity

Accelerating from a stationary position is linked to football as I might be defending

one moment and then trying to support my team in a counter attack.

Aerobic endurance


comparison

Yo Yo Intermittent

Recovery Test

1300 metres AVERAGE: 1000–1520

metres [Source: Topend Sports]

The data suggests an ‘above average’ outcome meaning that improvements are still

needed in order that I cover more ground over 90 minutes but perhaps not so

much improvement is required as for my speed.

Reliability

I undertook the test on an easily measurable space (grids) and told the time keeper

what to do to keep the time properly. It was not windy and I warmed up before

running.


Validity

In my position you have to do a lot of running to link defence and attack. Like other

players, those playing in midfield do a variety of running at different speeds and

distances with opportunities to recover at dead ball situations or when the ball goes

out of play. This test seeks to replicate aspects of this.

Power


comparison

Standing broad jump 2.03 metres BELOW AVERAGE:

2:15–1.98 metres [Source: Topend Sports]

Comparing my result with normative data indicates my score as ‘below average’

meaning that improvements are needed in order to enable me to be more

successful in contact situations, such as competing for a header or in a tackle.

Reliability

I undertook the test indoors on a non-slippery surface. People measuring knew

what they were doing and I took the test three times to record the best score.

Regular testing would enable my technique to improve, which might not be linked

just to power.

Validity

In my position there are times when power is important; this test gives an

indication of power and is a recognised test used by many people, including

professional clubs.

Future priorities

I will need to add speed and power training so that I can compete at a higher

standard. I will design an effective training programme that I can use to develop

and increase performance levels in a safe and efficient way.

Speed training will include acceleration sprints, interval training and resistance

training in the gym.

Improving power (speed x strength) will be achieved by including resistance

training and plyometrics.

Bibliography

http://www.menshealth.co.uk/fitness/sports-training/train-like-a-pro-footballer-

517079

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/stndjump.htm


http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/fitness

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/30accel.htm

Edexcel AS PE textbook

Performance analysis: tactical

Overlapping run

An overlapping run occurs when a player (most frequently a defender operating in

the full back position) follows their pass and runs around the winger, to create an

extra man. The winger in possession of the ball now has two options, they can take

on their marker themselves or they can play the ball to the overlapping defender.

[Source: http://www.sportplan.net/drills/Football/sessionPlans/Introducing-the-Overlap-Overlapping-Attack-9993827.jsp]

Strengths

It is a good tactic to use to try and get around the defence and to get a cross

in.

It is a good way to get a player in behind the opposition defence.

4 can also choose

to use 5’s run as a

decoy to give him

space to cut inside

and shoot. This

option is more

likely to happen if 6

is drawn to the

runner (5) and

leaves enough

space for 4 to cut

inside and shoot.

4 can choose to pass

the ball to 5 where he

can get into a good

position to deliver a

cross and allow 5 to

have more time on the

ball to get a good

cross. This is more

likely to happen if 6 is

drawn infield to try

and stop 4 from

shooting.

5 is the right back. 4 is the right midfielder. 6 is

the defender. When 4 receives the ball, 5 runs

around the outside of him. This gives 4 an option

to play the ball to him so that he can cross it, or,

use him as a dummy and cut inside to shoot.


It is hard to mark and opposition wingers may not track the run of the full back,

meaning that you can create a 2 v 1 scenario.

Weaknesses

If you lose possession the full back is out of position.

The defender can occupy space that the winger might wish to exploit

Adapting to changing circumstances in a game

If the winger receives the ball close to the touchline, the full back can run beyond

the winger on the inside, thereby creating an underlapping situation to create the

extra player. Teams who operate with players in wide areas often encourage full

backs to underlap. In the image below the Aston Villa full back is about to underlap

the winger to receive a pass in an advanced area.

Number

of

overlaps

Number

of

overlaps

leading

to a

cross

Successful

crosses (ball

beats first

defender and

can be attacked

by attacking

player)

Unsuccessful

crosses (ball

goes out of

play, does not

beat first

defender or is

claimed by

goalkeeper)

Goals scored

from crosses

from an

overlapping

defender

Isaac

Plummer

playing for

Stonham

Aspal v

Trimley

7 5 1 4 0

Glen

Johnson

playing for

Stoke City v

Burnley

11 8 6 2 1

Full backs providing crosses

from an overlap situation.


Compared to someone like Glen Johnson and Stoke City, my team also used the

same tactic to open up defences. However, elite teams like Stoke City do this a lot

more. They have better cardiovascular endurance than players in local football and

can overlap multiple times for 90 minutes. Stoke City are also tactically better than

us and if Glen Johnson pushes forward then someone like Glen Whelan (who plays

in a defensive midfield position) will naturally slot into the right back position to

cover him.

The table above gives an indication of the potential benefits of the tactic. Elite level

full backs often provide width and crossing options. The number of runs made at

elite level and their success rate is much higher than at local level.

Fitness requirements

To be able to perform the overlap continuously for 90 minutes you have to have

really good cardiovascular endurance. Glen Johnson says ‘being fit is being able to

make a sprint back from the opposition goal-line to your position in the 85th minute

and not feel it.’ Having good cardiovascular fitness is vital for a full back as they are

required to do lots of unselfish running in order to make space for their team

mates.

Skill requirements

To be able to perform the overlap you need good levels of speed. This is important

because the modern-day game is very quick and you need the speed to get into an

overlap position before the winger is tackled. You must also have good recovery

speed as the full back will be out of position if the ball is lost. They need to be able

to catch up and stop the opposition from counter attacking. Full backs need good

co-ordination, especially foot–ball co-ordination as, when in a position to cross, you

need to strike the ball cleanly in order to deliver a good cross. Balance is also

important as this can determine the accuracy of the cross. If you are off balance,

then your body will be in the incorrect position and you will lose possession.

Bibliography

http://www.sportplan.net/drills/Football/sessionPlans/Introducing-the-Overlap-

Overlapping-Attack-9993827.jsp

http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/tactics

http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/pro-tips

http://www.talkfootball.co.uk/guides/football tactics.html


Performance Development Programme – Football

Improving power

Introduction

My performance development plan is focused on improving power, which was

identified as a weakness in my Performance Analysis. Improved power will allow me

to jump higher in aerial battles, increase my passing distance and increase my shot

power.

In addition to the outcomes of the testing, my coach (Adam Chittock, Occold FC)

also believes this aspect of my performance needs developing: ‘Although you have

stepped up well to men’s football, developing strength and power are areas for

development. By doing so you will be able to compete with opponents who

presently are more powerful than you.’

Furthermore, the FA journal, Medical and Exercise Science Department, argues that

‘most defining moments are based on a player’s execution of a powerful

movement’.

SMARTER targets

I intend to plan my training using the principles of SMARTER targets.

Specificity: designing your training to suit a certain aspect of your sport. I will

train to maximise developing power by undertaking weight training and

plyometrics.

Measurable: designing your training programme so that you can collect, present

and analyse the effects that your training sessions are having.

Achievable: designing your training programme so that you can actually achieve

what you set out to do.

Realistic: designing your training programme so that you can achieve the intended

results. They need to be demanding but within reach.

Time bound: designing your training programme so that you can achieve what you

set out to do, within the time you have.

Exciting: designing your training programme so that it does not become tedious

and boring.

Recorded: designing your training programme so that you can collect your results

in order to see your progression.


Planned methods of training – main exercises

I aim to use weight training and plyometrics. As someone with limited background

in these methods, I will use a range of standard body weight exercises for some

circuit training as initial conditioning and preparation for three weeks before moving

onto more demanding training with the exercises below to target power

development.

Standard exercises will include:

upper body: dips off a bench, press ups, bicep curls and military press

abdominals: abdominal curls

legs: squat jumps, astride jumps on standard bench.

Squat jumps

Starting in a standing position, you slowly lower into the squat position making sure

that your knees are bent at 90 degrees. Then jump as high and as powerfully as

you can.

Box jumps

I started with 2 x 30 cms box to jump onto – up and off and then up again.


Split squats

Using dumb bells to add resistance, perform explosive jumps with one leg forward

and one back. On the descent reverse direction, standing back up and jumping,

reversing the position of your legs.

Upright row

Pull your hands directly up (close to your torso) until your elbows and forearms are

parallel to the ground. Then perform a controlled lowering to straight arm position.

Plyometric push ups (push up to clap)

From standard press up position, push up and away from the floor with explosive

movement aiming to clap hands before resuming the normal position to cushion

landing.


Upper body throw downs

Place a weighted/medicine ball behind the head and as explosively as possible

throw the ball down towards the floor/wall.

Principles of fitness

Progressive overload

This is the principle of gradually increasing your workload so that your body has to

physiologically adapt to cope with the excess difficulty.

F.I.T.T. principle

This acronym stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type:

frequency: this refers to how often you will exercise

intensity: defined as the amount of effort or work that must be completed in a

specific exercise

time: how long each individual session should last; this will vary based on the

intensity and type

type: this is related to the type of training session that you will complete; for

instance, in my development plan, I have focused my type of training on weight

training and plyometric training.

Specificity

Specificity is basically matching training sessions to the area that you want to

improve in. For instance, in my development plan, I have based my training on

increasing strength and power by using weight training and plyometric exercises.

Rest and recovery

This principle is basically making sure that you incorporate periods of rest and

recovery into your training schedule. This is important to prevent injury and

ultimately the principle of reversibility. In my plan, I had to be careful as I play

Saturday and Sunday so it is important that I get a sufficient rest period on

Monday. Also I would rest on Friday as I want to be at my optimum for matches at

the weekend. This gives me Tuesday and Thursday as my main training days.


Warming up

I will undertake a warm up before training. This is to reduce the risk of getting an

injury and to prepare physically and mentally for a demanding training session. This

will include pulse-raising activities and whole body activities. McNair (2000) and

Knudson (2001) suggest that the use of dynamic stretches – slow controlled

movements through the full range of motion – are also important for an effective

warm up.

Cool down

I will undertake a cool down, including longer stretches when muscles are warm to

ensure recovery ahead of the next session or for a match. My cool down should

help to prevent delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and remove waste products

such as lactic acid.

Testing

Power is strength x speed and therefore suitable tests to assess progress are

important.

I will be using the standing broad jump for leg power and the seated medicine ball

throw for the upper body. I realise that my upper body power is limited and know

that in contact situations I really do struggle, and for that reason I will also include

a strength endurance test which has normative data for 17–19 year olds, which I

could not find for a pure power test.

Development plan test results

Test Fitness

component

Base

line

Midpoint

tests

End point

tests

Percentage

increase

Rating of

final test

score

Standing

broad

jump

Power 2.03

metres

2.09

metres

2.17

metres

6.8% Above

average

Seated

1kg

medicine

ball throw

Power 7.75

metres

8.01

metres

8.14

metres

5.1% N/A

Press up

test

Strength

endurance

14 18 25 64% Average

The table shows an increase across the eight weeks of training.

Review and evaluation

Overall, my development plan has been relatively successful. With no experience of

strength training, weight training or plyometrics, I had to ease myself into it. This

means that I was only expecting to achieve slight improvements. This is what I

found. The reason for the success is due to the dedication that I have put into my


training. Although my sessions were regular, involving similar activities each week,

I managed to make them enjoyable by training with others. This added a

competitive edge to the sessions as we would always try to push ourselves more.

This for me was one of the critical factors that made my training successful.

The test results for power helped prove this as I have increased in both areas: by

6.8 per cent and 5.1 per cent respectively. I have also gained 1.2 kg in weight

since the start of the development plan, going from 59.7 kg to 61.9 kg. Although

once again this is only a slight change, if I were to continue then my results would

certainly get better. My press up score improved dramatically, perhaps because this

was the first time I had undertaken this type of training before and the potential for

improving the press ups was greater.

This would also then have a direct effect on performance and although it has been

a gradual improvement, making it hard to spot, I believe it has had a positive effect

on performance. I feel as if I can hold off players better, compete for headers with

more confidence, hit longer passes and shoot harder. Furthermore, I’ve developed

more confidence in my power, meaning that I am more confident at winning 50/50

tackles. This is supported by my manager Adam Chittock (FA Level 1 Coach): ‘Isaac

has come on in leaps and bounds since the start of his PDP and I have seen

differences in the way he plays. Isaac is now much braver going into tackles and is

winning headers which he did not do previously; this has allowed him to cement a

place in the first team.’

If I were to undertake my development plan again I would keep it relatively similar.

However, there would definitely be areas that I would look to adapt to improve it

further. I would have more structured training sessions on Tuesday and Thursday

with access to a gym so that I could do a greater range of exercises. I would also

then try and vary my sessions to keep it fun. This would also keep me more

motivated during the sessions. I would also try and utilise protein shakes and

sports drinks more. For instance, I did not use protein shakes but if I had, it may

have allowed me to recover faster after training and encouraged muscle growth.

Overall, this would have made my training more effective and added to my results.

To extend my training I would keep to the same format as it has been effective and

I would continue to increase the work load every two weeks. This would allow me

to keep progressing on what I am doing. However, I would change some of my

sessions as I don’t want to overlook other aspects of fitness. For instance, I might

look to incorporate some sort of yoga or Pilates after sessions or performances. In

other testing my flexibility scored as ‘poor’ compared to the national average, so

it’s something that could be improved. My current training programme does not

focus on flexibility and therefore it is overlooked. Also doing yoga will help to

improve my core strength and aid the development of other muscles and ultimately

improve performance.

What I’ve learnt by completing my development plan:

I have learnt and developed my technique at using free weights in a safe and

effective way.

I have learnt the importance of refuelling and recovering properly after

performance and training sessions.

I have learnt the importance of warm ups and have experimented with different

types and durations.

I have learnt the importance of power at local and elite level football.


Word count, excluding tables, quotes, training sessions and bibliography =

1759 words

Bibliography

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/warmup.htm

Brian mac http://www.brianmac.co.uk/drinks.htm

Edexcel A2 PE Textbook – Mike Hill

Exercise and muscle strength – Advanced PE for Edexcel page 174

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sms.12236/full

http://williamssport.com/lorem-ipsum-dolor/

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/eval.htm

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/index.htm

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/index.htm

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/plan.htm

http://www.fourfourtwo.com/performance/training/gym-tom

cleverley#:KWH0GmsMyUgJTA

http://www.lucozadeshop.com/about.html

http://www.menshealth.co.uk/fitness/sports-training/train-like-a-pro-footballer-

517079

http://www.menshealth.co.uk/food-nutrition/muscle-foods/five-targeted-protein-

shakes?click=main_sr

http://www.njcrushfc.com/Default.aspx?tabid=283989

http://www.optasports.com/

http://www.teachpe.com/fitness/testing.php

Insight Coaches Association Journal – Spring 2003

The FA Coaches Association Journal Insight Autumn/Winter 2006

The FA Journal – Medical and Exercise Science Department

http://bodybuilding-wizard.com/dumbbell-upright-row/#prettyPhoto<Text>


Appendices

Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name

Chosen physical activity Football

Role Please circle

Player/performer Coach

Component of physical activity

Please circle

Physiological Technical Tactical

Aim(s) of session

Preparation session ahead of weight training and plyometrics to start week 3

Date, time and location of session

Week 1 / 1 – Tuesday Fitness suite

Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30

Context of session (individual/group/team)

A Level group training

Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery

Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps

10 reps of each – 20 seconds between sets x 5 with one minute between circuits

Borg rating: 12


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Second preparation session – same level of demand as session 1


Week 1 / 2 - Thursday

Fitness suite

Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30




Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps


Borg rating: 13


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Week two of preparing for more demanding weights and plyometrics – with additional two exercises



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30




Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps, bicep curls with 5k, double footed bench jumps


Borg rating: 14


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Final preparatory / transition session before starting weights and plyometrics


Week 2 / 2 – Thursday Fitness suite

Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30




Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps, bicep curls with 5k, double footed bench jumps


Borg rating: 14


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Getting started with weights and plyometrics – session 1



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30




Push up to clap x 5 x 2

Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 5 x 2

Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 2

Split squats x 8 x 2

Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 2

Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 2

Borg rating: 15


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Getting started with weights and plyometrics – session 1


Week 3 / 2 Thursday Fitness suite

Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30










Borg rating: 15


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Weights and plyometrics with increased load on highlighted exercises


Week 4 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite

Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30










Cool down including gently walking/jogging and primarily static stretching

Borg rating: 15


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Weights and plyometrics with training demands the same as Tuesday



Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30










Cool down including gently walking/jogging and primarily static stretching

Borg rating: 15


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased on the highlighted exercises



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30




Thorough warm up including running, jumping, striding, skipping, active stretching etc.







Borg rating: 18


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session




Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30










Borg: 18


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased on the highlighted exercises; aiming to advance the demand on one upper body and one leg exercise



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30










Borg: 17


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session


NB – planned session abandoned after the throw downs (sore quadriceps muscle) ahead of a match on Saturday



Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30










Borg: 18


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Complete session based on previous Tuesday, following a slight reaction on Thursday



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30










Borg: 18


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session




Start time 9.30

Finish time 10.30










Borg: 16


Centre number

Centre name

Candidate number

Candidate name


Role Please circle



Please circle


Aim(s) of session

Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased for one upper body and leg exercise



Start time 11.30

Finish time 12.30










Borg: 17


Performance Analysis and Performance Development Programme –

Commentary for Football

Performance Analysis

Physiological

The candidate outlines a range of components related to football, explains the

terms and justifies their relevance to the identified sport. This opening section

concludes with the candidate identifying the three most important; these are all

acceptable options. However, the candidate has used up vital words in considering

a large number of components rather than focusing on the three most important as

required in the specification.

Suitable fitness tests are identified and undertaken with a reference to normative

tables. These tests are largely justified based on reliability and validity, but

inclusion of the complete normative data tables would have allowed the candidate

to consider target scores for future development: a missed opportunity.

The test outcomes are linked to the tables and also, to some extent, to the

potential impact on performance. However, the candidate should have explored the

implications of the outcome of the tests in more depth.

Future priorities for training are correctly identified but this aspect of the work

needed more detail.

Overall the candidate has offered a piece of work which demonstrates a good level

of understanding.

More marks would have been achieved had the candidate:

justified in more depth the three most important components of fitness;

perhaps by referring to one of the many scientific studies on fitness in football

included the normative tables in full thereby offering an opportunity to target

future areas of improvement by referencing objective data

added another layer of depth around the interpretation of the test results in

order to give more information to future priorities for training

referenced the work adequately.

The work is mark band 3: 5/10


Tactical

An appropriate tactic has been identified.

The annotated diagram provides a good analysis of the potential advantages and

disadvantages of the application of the tactic in a game situation, including creating

2 v 1 situations as an advantage and the risk of a player being out of position as a

possible disadvantage if possession is lost.

The annotations of the first diagram are clear and suggest a good level of

understanding of how the overlapping player can provide options for the player on

the ball with the potential of getting into advanced positions to receive a pass and

then deliver the ball.

The candidate provides an alternative scenario to explain how the tactic can be

adapted to the changing scenario; in this case when the winger receives the ball

wide and the extra man is created by an underlapping player.

The candidate uses data from elite and local club players to demonstrate the fitness

and skill requirements of the tactic and how this can impact on the game situation.

This needed to be developed with a greater range of information in order to provide

greater depth of analysis and impact of the tactic being considered.

Overall the candidate has offered a piece of work which demonstrates a good level

of understanding.


provided more depth around the changing circumstances leading to an

adaptation of the overlapping run; especially in the explanation/analysis of the

second diagram

offered a greater range of data to support the potential benefits/risks of an

overlapping full back in competitive situations

provided more analysis of the data in the table, perhaps with the addition of

qualitative/contextual information

referenced the work adequately.


Performance Development Programme

Planning

The candidate has identified an appropriate component of fitness and there is a

helpful reference to this being actively supported by his team coach.

SMARTER targets are described but should have been applied more consistently to

the PDP; for example, how the testing arrangements need to be measured in order

to aid the evaluation.


Suitable methods have been chosen in the main but more depth is needed in some

areas. For example, the choice of weights, lift speed and height of boxes all needed

consideration.

Principles of training have been described and applied in some cases but elsewhere

needed to be applied more consistently. For example, the detail around rest and

recovery is strong whilst the FITT principle needed exploring in more detail.

The detail around the choice of tests to measure progress needed a little more

explanation and the inclusion of the strength endurance test causes some confusion

around the focus of the PDP, especially as no normative data is referred to for the

upper body power test.

Overall the candidate has offered planning which demonstrates a good level of

understanding.


linked the concept of SMARTER targets specifically to the PDP

justified in more depth the choice of the tests chosen

been clearer as to the reasons for the choice of training methods and levels of

resistance and also more consistent about how principles of training might be

applied to the training undertaken.


Review

The qualitative and quantitative data support the effectiveness of the training

programme, and this has been linked to the impact on performance.

The analysis of the progressions in objective data are linked to the aim but there

are inconsistencies in one or two areas; for example, why the increase in strength

endurance was so significant when compared to the improvements in power.

There is a good indication of what the candidate has learned from the training

programme, however – although there are recommendations for future

developments, especially around flexibility – more about the future development of

power was required.

Overall the candidate has offered a review which demonstrates a good level of

understanding.


better accounted for the reasons for the variations in test scores

demonstrated a more advanced level of understanding around

recommendations for future development, especially for power.


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