Performance of 400kv line insulators under pollution

CONTENTS

1) INTRODUCTION

2) HISTORY

3) NEED OF PERFORMANCE ANYLYSIS

4) EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON INSULATORS

5) PERFORMANCE OPTIMISATION

6) ADVANTAGES

7) LIMITATIONS

8) CONCLUSION

9) REFRENCES

INTRODUCTION

Insulators are the device having capability of opposing

electric current through them.

Cause of repeated tripping of 400kv transmission line due to

polluted environment.

Failure of insulation strings in the months of December and

January .

Measurement of Excessively high creepage currents under

fog and polluted conditions.

Techniques to minimize the cause of unfavourable

performances of line insulators.

HISTORY Telegraph lines were the

first electrical system to use

insulators.

From the mid of 1840’s to 1865’s

the credit for making of glass

insulators goes to united kingdom.

For high voltage application the era of porcelain insulator begins from 1870’s to early 1900’s.

Contd..

On further increment in 1902 to 1920 voltage application the ceramics (porcelain , glass) was the still choice.

NEED OF PERFORMANCE ANALYSES

As we moving towards our modern world which is different from our ancient world in the references of industries, transport, infrastructure etc.

Contd..

As we are heavily dependent on scarce resources which are non-

renewable.so we can not take risk of losing that power through

insulators.

Power or energy can not stored so we must use that much

power which were get produced

we have limitations on power production so we should analyse

those factors which are responsible for its transmission.

EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON INSULATORS

Effluents from Brick Kilns

Effluents from Industries

Burning of Agricultural waste.

Bird Excreta .

Picture shows the effect

of effluents coming from brick kilns and industries.

Images showing the effect of Bird Excreta

Contd..

As we could see the ice bridging on insulators although it falls in the environment causes of insulators failure

PERFORMANCE OPTIMISATION

There are four broadly used methods for performance optimisation.

1. Offline cleaning of insulators in polluted stretches.

2. Live line washing of insulators using helicopter is another method of performance optimisation.

3.Replacement of normal insulators (glass and porcelain) with composite insulators(composite long rod insulators) is also the way of optimising.

4. pollution mapping is the last

method of optimisation. It could

help us in defining those polluted

area where the level of pollution

is greater . so as compare to other places

we could suitably deal

according to above three

criteria of optimisation.

Contd…

ADVANTAGES With all the above measures taken the we

saw the following advantages-

1. The causes of repeated tripping goes down

drastically which ensures the continuous supply

of electricity.

2. It is also minimise the cause of power loss during

the breaking of insulators.

3. Better insulation could save the property as well

as peoples life from those accidents happed

due to flashover coming out from burning

Insulators.

LIMITATIONS There are few limitations in implementation

of those practice for better performance are-

1. It is not possible to wash insulators everywhere

with the help of helicopter as it highly depends

upon availability of helicopter as well as the

place where this operation is going to be

performed.2. We could not replace all the glass and porcelain

insulators with the composite long rod

insulators as

although Is a better option but it would be

expansive than our goal.

Contd..

3. As we know birds are

natural threat.so we can

not completely short out

that problem of bird

excreta/refuse which has

major role in polluting

insulators.

CONCLUSION

According to principal of energy conservation

energy neither be created nor destroyed so the

amount of energy generated must we used in

efficient way and also we know that the conversion

process of energy consists scarce resources so we

must taken account of energy loss that may be in

transmitting it from one place to another. So we

must look into ” performance of insulators under

pollution” so that power loss could be minimize.

REFERENCES

HVL Test Report Ref HV381 Evaluation of Volt

Shield Insulator Treatment on Third Rail

Insulators. BS EN 60587:2007 “Electrical insulating

materials used under severe ambient

conditions – Test methods for evaluating

resistance to tracking and erosion”

Chris S. Richards, Carl L. Benner, Karen L. Butler-

Purry, and B. Don Russell, Fellow. “Electrical

Behavior of Contaminated Distribution Insulators

Exposed to Natural Wetting”