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Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8

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Peripheral Nervous SystemChapter 8

Peripheral Nervous System

Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

Cranial Nerves

12 pairs

attach to the undersurface of the brain

Page 4: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

Spinal Nerves

31 pairs 8 cervical

12 thoracic

5 lumbar

5 sacrospinal

1 coccygeal

Page 5: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

Autonomic Nervous System

Consists of motor neurons that conduct impulses from the spinal cord or brainstem to cardiac, smooth, and glandular epithelial tissue (involuntary functions)

the heartbeat

contractions of the stomach and intestines

secretions by glands

Page 6: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

Sympathetic Nervous System Controlled in the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord

Functions as an emergency system – takes control when we exercise strenuously and when strong emotions (anger, fear, hate, anxiety) are elicited.

Page 7: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

ParasympatheticNervous System

Controlled in the brainstem and sacral segments of the spinal cord (craniosacral system).

Controls under normal, everyday conditions.

Tends to do the opposite of the sympathetic nervous system.

Together they help our bodies to maintain homeostasis.

Page 8: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

ResponsesSympathetic

Heart beats faster

Most blood vessels constrict, causing blood pressure to increase.

Blood vessels in muscles dilate, supplying the muscles with more blood.

Sweat glands and adrenal glands secrete more abundantly.

Salivary and other digestive glands secrete more sparingly.

“fight or flight”

Parasympathetic

Slow heartbeat

Increase peristalsis

Increase secretion of digestive juices and insulin.

Page 9: Peripheral Nervous System Chapter 8. Peripheral Nervous System Nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body

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