BASIC BIOSAFETY RULES FOR LABORATORY PERSONNELKeep Lab Safety Keep You Healthy (2017-1-TR01-KA202-046148)

This project was funded by the European Union (Erasmus +) and the National Agency of Turkey1

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

The equipment that protects the person from risk by being placed between the worker and the laboratory hazards that cannot be elimiated.

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• Correct choice

• Correct usage

– it cannot replace other control measures.

– effective when used in conjunction with other protective measures

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individual

exposure

• Once risk assessment has been made, PPEs that will protect the worker against each identified hazard should be selected correctly.

• the possibility

• potential severity

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The most suitable

PPE

• The selected PPE;

should be appropriate to the size

Gloves, goggles or Lab coat !!!

– If possible, adjustable personalprotective equipment should be selected.

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• The pieces of PPE that should be present in a laboratory where biological materials are studied;– Lab coat

– Protective Gloves

– Protective Goggles and face shields

– Protective Mask

– Lab shoes / slippers

– Hair protector

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Lab coat

the simplest and most effective way of protection against

biological hazards

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The fabric of the lab coats should be selectedappropriately in terms of type and size and modelsthat are buttoned in the back should be preferredespecially for jobs that require sterile work.

Lab coats;

• When lab coats are contaminated with any kind of biological substance during laboratory work; – the process should be interrupted

– the lab coat should be changed

– if there is contact with the skin, contaminated part should be washed immediately with plenty of water and soap

• Disposable ones should not be reused.

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The features that should be found in a standard lab coat are as follows;• The front part of the lab coat should

be buttonable from the knee up to the neck.

• The coat must have long sleeves with snap fasteners or rubber cuffs on wrists.

• Since short coats are less protective against spills, they should be at knee level.

• They should easily be taken off in case of spill or scatter (snaps, etc.).

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Attention !!!!!

Laboratory clothing should not be worn in clean areas outside laboratory areas such as office / recreation areas, dining halls and cafeterias.

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• In institutions that are obliged to wear lab coats, aprons to be used inside and outside the laboratory should have different colors or different markers.

• Lab coats should be washed without taking them out of the laboratory / institution

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Lab coat wearing and removing;• Particularly, the removal of coats

buttoned in the back, which are used when handling agents with high risk of contamination, requires great attention.

• Keeping the possibility of contamination in mind, the contaminated face should always be turned outward and folded by rolling.

• When taken off, only the clean side should be seen

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13https://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/PPE_EN_A1sl.pdf

GLOVES

• the most commonly used and most important protective equipment

• It is an absolute necessity to protect hands by using appropriate type of gloves against;

– contact with biological factors

– toxic / caustic chemicals

– hot / cold surfaces.

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• It should be noted that there is no uniform glove that provides effective protection against all hazards.

• Gloves made of different materials are available for different uses.

• It is also necessary to know how long the glove can protect your hand from that risk.

• In addition, make sure that the glove is fully seated in the user's hand and does not restrict hand movements during the procedure.

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• Gloves can be made of fabric, leather, natural or synthetic rubber and plastic materials.

• Absorption of harmful substances through skin

• Serious cuts or injuries

• Serious bruises

• Puncture or injury of the skin

• Chemical burns

• Exposure to irritating substances

• Thermal burns

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• Gloves used in microbiology laboratories;disposable latex, nitrile or vinyl gloves

Latex gloves; Standard powdered / non-powdered latexexamination gloves are light cream colored. These gloveswear out and wear out after a certain period of use, depending on the job. If they continue to be usedunchanged, they are also pierced and shredded.

ATTENTION !!!!! LATEX ALLERGY

Vinyl gloves; It is an ideal alternative for users with latexallergy. Although its flexibility is not as latex gloves, it is much more durable than latex gloves.

Nitrile gloves; are suitable for working with chemicals otherthan strong oxidants and aromatic solvents.

It is 2-3 times more resistant to punctures.17

• Gloves made of leather, terry cloth, kevlar and aluminum blended materials are suitable materials for protection from high temperatures.

• Gloves to be used when operating with low temperatures, such as nitrogen tanks, freezers and dry ice, must complywith the standards.

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• Rules to take into consideration when removing gloves;

1. The first glove is held by the mouth and inverted and pulled down.

2. The first glove removed is placed in the foot of the other gloved hand and the other glove is held by the mouth with your hand without the glove.

3. This glove is also reversed, pulled down and disposed of.4. Thus, the first glove will remain in the second.

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5. Gloves should be disposed of in a medical waste / autoclave bag after use.

6. As there is a risk of biological contamination during glove removal, hands should be washed after removal.

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21https://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/PPE_EN_A1sl.pdf

• PROTECTIVE GOGGLES and FACE SHIELDS

• Splashing,

• Contamination

• Burning Glasses and face shields are used to protect the eyes from contamination through chemicals, irritants such as radioactive or toxic elements and particles that lay the basis for infections by posing physical damage.

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Safety glasses;

• collision

• splashing while pipetting, mixing, portioning and centrifugation

• working with harmful chemicals.

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• Face Shield; Appropriate eye and face protection equipment should always be used against the risks of splashing of particles from materials such as liquids, vapor, gas or dust and mediums of high heat

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• the use of contact lenses does not provide any protection for the eyes.

• Particles that reach into the eye through splashes may remain between the contact lens and the cornea, making it difficult to remove.

• This may pose a risk to the eye both mechanically and microbiologically.

• For this reason, when working in the laboratory, eyes should be protected with protective glasses or face shield if the lenses are to be used

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Conditions requiring protection of eyes and face;• During sonication or

homogenization procedures that may pose risks of particle dispersion and splashing,

• During the process of pipetting or dispensing of liquids that may cause infection and transmission,

• During operations in which there are risks of splashing, spilling or dispersion of particules,

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Conditions requiring protection of eyes and face-II;

• During the cleaning of contaminated surfaces in the laboratory,

• If there is a risk of radioactive contamination or toxic chemical splashing,

• When there is a need to work with contact lenses,

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• Removal of eye protection PPE1. It should be noted that the outer surfaces are contaminated.2. Remove the eyeglass from the handle / head band.3. If the eye protectors become dirty, they should be cleaned with detergent and then rinsed with plenty of water.4. When contaminated, they should be decontaminated with 70% ethanol.

World Health Organization. Laboratory biosecurity

guidance.http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/biosafety/WHO CDS_EPR_2006 pdf. (Date of access:

03.04.2018]

Face shield;• It is used to protect the face and neck

from events such as splashing, spraying, or infectious or other dangerous material. To protect the entire face, Can be easily removed in an emergency To be able to clean the face, it should be

pushed back at the head level.

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PROTECTIVE MASKS

• practical, skin-compatibleequipment designed toprevent laboratory workersfrom being affected byaerosols, dust and liquidparticles from solid orliquid chemicals usedduring the experiment.

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• In general, “surgical masks” are defined as masks.

• The equipment that can mechanically filter particles or gases or where a person breathes fresh air in the device instead of outside air is called a respirator.

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• The priority is always to use the biosafety cabinet !!!!!!!!.

• However, in all procedures with high-risk respiratory pathogens that have to be studied under BSL-2 conditions, a mask should be used in addition to the cabinet.

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Wearing and removing the mask • The upper threads of the mask are

to be fixed, tying them at the upper back of the head.

• After the mask is worn, the upper metal part is to be tightly closed by pressing on both sides of the nose.

• Finally, the lower threads of the mask are tied under the chin.

• Prior to the lab work, the mask must be checked to see whether it fully covers the mouth and the nose

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LABORATORY SHOES / SLIPPERS

It is recommended to use leather or artificialleather, fully closed slippers or shoes which areimpervious to liquids in the laboratory.

• The front of the shoes must be closed.

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LABORATORY SHOES / SLIPPERS

• It is recommended that only a separate shoe worn in the laboratory is used to avoid contamination of the home environment, especially when working with biohazardousmaterial.

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Overshoe (shoe covers)• shoe covers can be used to protect

against infectious materials scattered around as a result of laboratory contamination and laboratory accidents.

• If disposable shoe covers are used in the laboratory, waste bins should also be available and shoe covers should be used once.

• Hands should be washed after wearing and removing shoe covers

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HAIR PROTECTOR (Bonet)• Hair that is longer than 15 cm may enter the

rotating parts of the machines or tangle with suction devices and blowers.

• The hair can even be pulled into machines that are covered with protection.

• Open hair may catch fire from open flame or any source of heat.

• Laboratory personnel with long hair should cover and protect their hair, wearing hats, bonnets or bandanas.

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HOW TO WEAR and REMOVE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• While PPE is worn;1. Apron 2. Mask 3. Glasses 4. Glove

• During the undressing, it is necessary to remove thegloves, keeping in mind that the hands arecontaminated, and then remove the glasses, mask andapron respectively.

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(http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/ppe/ppeposter1322.pdf )

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(http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/ppe/ppeposter1322.pdf )

TeşekkürlerThanksGraciasObrigada

• http://biosafetyinlab.com/

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Universidade do Minho