personal protective equipment overview adapted from the fad prep/nahems guidelines: personal...
TRANSCRIPT
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Personal Protective Equipment
Overview
Adapted from the FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment (2011)
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• Clarify what is meant by “PPE”• Purpose of PPE• Hazard assessment, control and
cost-benefit analysis• PPE education and training• PPE selection based on risk
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
This Presentation
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• Special clothing and equipment places a barrier between an individual and a hazard
• Protects the body– Eyes, ears, face, head
– Hands and feet
– Respiratory protection
• National Veterinary Stockpile
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
What is PPE?
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• In an animal disease emergency PPE:– Protects responders
from potentially harmful hazards
– Prevents spread of hazards between animals or locations
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Purpose of PPE
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Hazard Assessment
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
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• Evaluate risk of hazard exposure• Proper selection/management of PPE– Biological
– Chemical
– Environmental
• Poor PPE selection may result in:– Enhanced risk of disease spread
– Impaired job performance
– Risk of injury, illness, or deathUSDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Assessment
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• Risk assessment establishes:– Composition, magnitude of hazard
– Length of time PPE will perform at known level of protection
– Exertion level, extent of physical work to be performed while wearing PPE
• Performed by Incident Commander or Safety Officer
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Assessment
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Hazard Controls
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
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• PPE is not a first line of defense• Initial steps to
eliminate hazards must be taken first– Engineering controls
– Administrative controls and work practices
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Controls
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• Engineering controls– Contain or remove a
hazard through:• Isolation
• Enclosure
• Ventilation
• Substitution
– Prevent or reduce responder exposure
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Controls
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• Administrative controls– Regulate responders’ exposure to
hazards through:• Initiated policies
• Directives
• Other measures
– Example: Responders exposure to a hazard is limited to less than length of work shift
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Controls
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• Implement training to reduce hazard exposure
• IC determines when a hazardous situation must be entered– Need for animal health personnel varies
according to the emergency type
– Less likely to respond to chemical or radiological emergency
• Must be aware of your role
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Hazard Reduction Training
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• Hazard control measures based on:– Need, feasibility, efficacy
– Benefits of protecting human health
– Total costs of PPE
• If PPE is deemed too costly, responders will not enter the hazardous area or perform work
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Cost-Benefit Analysis
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PPE Education and Training
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
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• Training on PPE use reduces responder hazard exposure
• Effective training programs combine multiple approaches– Cognitive, affective, applied
• Remember, PPE is only effective when it is worn and used properly!
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Education and Training
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• PPE training programs should include:– Role of PPE and benefits of use
– Precautions and limitations of PPE
– Recognizing signs of cold/heat stress
– Appropriate PPE selection
– Importance of proper fitting
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Education and Training
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• PPE training programs should include:– Donning, doffing, and the buddy system
– Detection of damaged/broken PPE
– Sourcing of physicians/locations that can manage zoonotic diseases
– Stress-management techniques
– Decontamination, storage, maintenance, and disposal
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Education and Training
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PPE Selection Based on Risk
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
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• Zoonotic risk– Low: little/no risk to human health
–Moderate: non-life-threatening risk
– High: life-threatening risk
• Biosecurity risk– Low: non-contagious or vector-borne
–Moderate: contagious, low survival
– High: highly contagious, high survival
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Selection
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USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Selection
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USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
PPE Selection
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• PPE selection must consider:– Tasks assigned
– Exertion level, extent of physical work
– Temperature, humidity, and time worn
– Classification of premises
• Many things to consider, but preparation and training are essential to a safe and successful response
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Additional PPE Factors
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• FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines & SOP: Personal Protective Equipment (2011)– http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_h
ealth/emergency_management/
• Personal Protective Equipment web-based training module– http://naherc.sws.iastate.edu/
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
For More Information
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Authors (CFSPH)• Janice Mogan, DVM• Gayle B. Brown, DVM, PhD• Elizabeth Wormley, Junior Veterinary
Student
Reviewers (USDA)• Peter A. Petch, RPIH, CIPS,
CIMT, CHS-V• Stephen Goff, DVM
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment - Overview
Guidelines Content
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Acknowledgments
Development of this presentation was
by the Center for Food Security and
Public Health at Iowa State University
through funding from the USDA APHIS
Veterinary Services
PPT Authors: Dawn Bailey, BS; Kerry Leedom Larson, DVM, MPH, PhD, DACVPM
Reviewers: Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MS, MPH, DACVPM; Patricia Futoma, Veterinary Student;
Janice Mogan, DVM