peru: exploring three current realities€¦ · ‘peru: exploring three current realities’ is a...

PERU: EXPLORING THREE CURRENT REALITIES

PERU: EXPLORING THREE CURRENT REALITIESExhibition hosted by the Peruvian Embassy as part of the International Architecture Showcase organised by the British Council and the Architecture Foundation for the London Festival of Architecture 2010

LONDON FESTIVAL OF ARCHITECTURE 2010


Two years ago, the British Council extended an invitation to all Diplomatic Missions to participate in the London Festival of Architecture 2008. On that occasion the Peruvian Embassy presented the proposals of a group of young Peruvian architects that work in London, which presented alternatives to respond to the rapid and chaotic pace of urban development in Lima in recent years. This fi rst experience was creative and sophisticated and received an excellent response from the public.

Last year the Embassy once more was invited to be part of the 2010 edition of this Festival. In response, we have sought to take our participation to a higher and more ambitious level. To this end, we forwarded the invitation to some of the most prestigious Peruvian architecture schools and NGOs, in order to explore alternatives to tackle some of the main challenges that the profession faces in our country. The Peruvian Embassy is pleased, in this context, to present: ‘Peru: Exploring three current realities’, an exhibition of the selected proposals.

‘Peru: Exploring three current realities’ is a display that in developing this year’s Festival’s theme ‘Welcoming Cities’, aims to create awareness of the importance to develop welcoming communities, cities and cultural centres in Peru in order to raise the quality of life of all the inhabitants in our country.

I would like to congratulate the different teams participating in this exhibition for the result, all brilliantly directed by the curator, Sophie Le Bienvenu. I also would like to express our gratitude to the universities and institutions engaged in the project, especially our sponsors, the Anglo-Peruvian Society and the Asociación Cultural Peruano Británica, for making possible our participation.

Ricardo V. LunaPeruvian Ambassador


This year the Peruvian Embassy presents an exhibition of selected architectural proposals based on the theme of ‘Welcoming Cities’. Architectural and design schools and NGOs based in Peru join efforts to present concepts that explore three current realities that are in need of attention and that respond to the imperative of helping create welcoming communities, cities and cultural sites for Peruvians and visitors from around the globe. The concept proposals showcase how architecture and design raise the quality of life for Peruvians currently living in some of the most deprived and forgotten communities in the country -but at the same time in some of the most untouched and beautiful regions of the world. The three current realities are:

1. Sustainable Communities

Proposals explore what alternative opportunities are available in the Amazonian basin that could help protect the natural environment, safeguard ancestral lands and prevent contamination, enabling local communities to actively participate and benefi t from a more prosperous livelihood. Creative teams explore the concept of sustainable communities in the Amazon jungle, by developing a network of eco friendly living premises and river transport alternatives. These solutions could generate sustainable income sources for the Amazonian communities.

Peru: Exploring three current realitiesCurated by Sophie Le Bienvenu


2. Creating the new City of Pisco

On 15 August 2007 a 7.9 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Peru 250kms south of Lima destroying many homes in cities and villages as well as rural areas. In Pisco, hundreds died while thousands were homeless and despite temporary emergency shelters and reconstruction efforts, to this day persons lack access to fully fl edged housing. How do you rebuild a city that has been completely obliterated by an earthquake and tsunami? Ninety percent of the city of Pisco including its most historic buildings and churches were destroyed. Proposals explore what the masterplan for the new city of Pisco could look like and what creative and artistic alternatives might be considered to help rebuild the infrastructure and morale of a city that has played a key role in the political and economic development of Peru for the past two hundred years.

3. A Memorial Museum

During the 1980’s and 1990’s Peru experienced terrorism which cost the lives of thousands persons, many of which were innocent civilians caught up in the confl ict. The Andean city of Ayacucho was at the centre of the confl ict. This proposal explores innovative ideas and concepts of how a memorial museum might be integrated into the city and stimulate better understanding of the events of that period amongst its population. The German government recently donated two million US dollars to help create and construct the ‘Museum of Memory’, which will document this period aiming to preserve it in the collective memory of all Peruvians in the hope of fostering reconciliation and the development of a more prosperous nation.


Contents


1. Sustainable Communities

Totora Project

Cellular Hexagonal Modules

The Synthetic Floating Orchids

2. Creating the new City of Pisco

Community / Environment / Participative Systems

Urban Connections

Plaza 0.1 Pisco

3. A Memorial Museum

The Memorial Museum


Totora ProjectAmazonian Sustainable Communities

Master Program Integral StudiesCampus Waiblingen SAdBK Germany

Faculty of Industrial Design Pontifi cia Universidad Católica del Perú [PUCP]


Started in 2009, the Totora project forms part of the Master of Integral Studies and is the third project of the “Innovation is Hope” program. The Master of Integral Studies seeks to address problems in emerging economies and to create new approaches to local problems using local resources and craftsmen. It is already doing this in South Africa and India.

The Master Program Integral Studies together with the Faculty of Industrial Design, decided to embark on this new adventure addressing the Uros’ model of living on the Floating Islands of the Titicaca Lake at 3,812 meters above the sea level, looking for a fresh and inspiring experience.

The goal of the Totora project is to develop a range of original applications for this peculiar material, which are open to the community and free to replicate. We aim to respect the unique habitat and over thousand year traditions that the Uros people have created whilst supplementing it with modern technology. This will introduce a modern quality of life without importing readymade products.

In March 2010, during the implementation phase, the Totora project team collaborated with Uros craftsmen to make these solutions a reality.

The solutions of the Totora Project are replicable everywhere where large water bodies with reed or rush vegetation exist. The Amazonian region is a very good example of this.


Cellular Hexagonal Modules Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas [UPC]Amazonian Sustainable Communities


The Amazon River is South America’s largest river and the world’s largest drainage basin, holding 20% of the world’s fresh water reserves.

Similar to the native communities along the Peruvian territory, those around the Amazon Rainforest have established a strong bond with their surrounding environment.

Historically the relationship between human activity and nature has been well balanced. Recently, however, the communities, infl uenced by western culture, have developed their architecture through deforestation. As a result of this, the team manages to set an example: “The Yaguas”, the largest and most important community in the Peruvian Amazon Rainforest.

This project takes place in the Amazon River Basin as another new born tree without attempting nature. By “tree” we mean a branching modular system that may be adapted to the territory according to the location and width of the trees.Furthermore, to protect the fi rst level of the Amazon fl ora and to solve other problems such as: fl ooding, insects, moisture and heat transfer from the fl oor, we created an intermediate level between the ground and the top of the trees.

The combination of bamboo and recycled plastics shape the building materials for the pillars of the project such as the Housing, Cocamera, Restrooms, School and Boats.

This project is not just a result of the Yaguas traditions and customs. It extends the possibility to solve many pollution problems and subsequently to develop a high sustainable architecture.


The Synthetic Floating Orchids Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Ricardo Palma[URP]Amazonian Sustainable Communities


Everlasting Architecture: Nomadic Architecture

Over time modern civilization has been hazardous to the balance and harmony of nature; especially in the context of the Amazon jungle. We focus on some specifi c problems, such as river and lake contamination from synthetic plastic waste, illegal Cannabis cultivation and exploitation of newly discovered gas fi elds. Therefore, we have developed our Nomadic Architecture to help endangered native communities survive.

We are convinced that the only way of survival and development is an open integration between ethnics and the acknowledgement of their cultures. The fl oating shelters levitate at a low height, creating a new and complex network over the rivers, which transform and adapt to the existing dense and tangled jungle.

They are made of bioplastics: a combination of natural fi bres and recyclable plastic waste. The fl oating shelters have a customized design according to each native community. They are built around a host tree, as a salvation ritual offered by the community; subsequently, they are detached when fi lled with helium, so they can fl y free over the Amazon Rivers, containing and protecting the most representative things of each ethnic group.

They are real Synthetic Floating Orchids. Maybe their last hope for salvation.


Community/ Environment/ Participative Systems

Non-profi t organisationEspacio Expresión

Creating the new City of Pisco


Founded after the August 2007 earthquake, Espacio Expresión is a trans-disciplinary non-profi t organisation created to deal with the impact of the earthquake, which deeply affected the lives and foundations of cities in the southern regions of Lima in Peru. The organizations projects derive from the fi rm conviction for a need to work with knowledge gleaned from local culture and identity, as well as the desires of citizens. Their aim is to achieve a better design and use of public space. Public space therefore becomes an essential element for society’s development; and for reimagining and reconstructing a city affected by the earthquake, such as Pisco. We understand these places as spaces for everyday encounters which are capable of transforming themselves into platforms for the development of productive social networks and catalysers for the encouragement of culture and the integration of the community with its immediate environment. In the work carried out in Pisco, the nurtured feeling of local identity is transforming community members into a participants in the reconstruction of their city.


Urban ConnectionsCreating the new City of Pisco

Non-profi t organisation Espacio Expresión,in joint venture with the Urban Studies Department of the Pontifi cia Universidad Católica del Perú [PUCP]


Pisco, a city which was radically transformed after the 2007 earthquake, challenges the limits of all disciplines in its demand for a strategy which can intervene in the complex physical and social fractures left by this natural disaster. This urban phenomenon of defragmentation, which affects the general development of all Peruvian cities, is the direct refl ection of the estrangement taking place between urban structures and social networks; between architecture and society and between the demands of our cities and the actual political and academic scene. The ‘Urban Connections’ academic course developed at the Faculty of Architecture of the Pontifi cia Universidad Católica del Perú proposed to confront this fragmentation through the active participation of the local community and having a wide urban reading as a result of the direct experience of students with the everyday reality of Pisco. The local association in Pisco; Espacio Expresión- enabled the participation strategy and offered valuable research developed in the International Encounter: How to Transform the City? Students undertook the challenge of researching and designing experimental tools, which would enable them to perceive, communicate and generate processes for urban connection. This was developed through the creation of events which aimed to work on the transformation of social relations. The projects sought to build new collective knowledge through these transformations in order to generate new social ties. Without these urban interventions this would not be possible or sustainable. The articulation of these urban-rooted proposals with a participation network would become the key to an integrated and cohesive citizenship. The results are fi ve interventions which reimagine the city and refl ect an encounter between academic knowledge and the experiences and desires of local residents.


Plaza 0.1 PiscoCreating the new City of Pisco

Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas [UPC]


The reconstruction of Pisco is a major undertaking that will take many years to complete. In the shorter term, the construction of the public town square provides a symbolic project that will motivate and encourage the overall town reconstruction. The Plaza 0.1 project represents the foundation for the new city of Pisco. As in most provinces in Peru, the major public place where the population gathers is the town square. Usually surrounded by town hall buildings, churches, civil centres and the like, these open areas are used for community gatherings, trade events (weekend fairs) and other civic and religious events. The architectural proposal seeks to leverage the potential for a city square to be a place of enhanced social, cultural and trade exchanges, as well as providing a geometrically strong and well defi ned spatial solution. Borderline trade events defi ne the square shape of the plaza, a virtual structure that works as a fi lter from the city to the public space. This virtual structure will become a viewer tower and a new landmark in the city. It will allow visitors to have an ‘elevated’ view of the growth process the city has undergone over time. The interior has fi ve circles that complete the program of social interaction within the square itself. The Plaza 0.1 not only represents a remodelling and re-leveraging of the most important public civic centre of Pisco City, but will also symbolise the solidarity and identity of the community


The Memorial Museum Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas [UPC]A Memorial Museum


For more than two decades, Peru suffered from a period of terrorism, which cost many thousands of lives. Of the casualties, many were innocent civilians caught up in the confl ict. Ayacucho was at the centre of the war zone and was one of the most affected cities. With this in mind, the Memorial Museum is a public building intended as a place of gathering, culture, and democracy. Moreover, its purpose is to transform the visit into a pedagogical activity through it’s resemblance to both physical and mental places where knowledge vividly grows in each visitor’s minds. That is why the museum looks forward to generate this architectural space of remembrance. One of the main objectives of the project is to refl ect Ayacucho’s past beliefs. The architectural proposal is based on the importance of “Funeral Traditions” in ancient Peruvian cultures, where buried objects were considered sacred. Therefore, the Memorial Museum fi nds itself located inside the nearby mountain of Acucchimay. The Project’s interior is split into three different levels. The lower level contains the administrative area, while the mid (entrance) and third levels include the exhibition areas. These are divided into a series of rooms or independent modules arranged equidistant from each other in order to closely resemble towers or “chulpas” (ancient Inca tombs). Visitors are able to re-discover their memories in their own way, as they are given the possibility to choose whichever path or “chulpa” they prefer. Finally, this memory box is completed with an illuminated garden on the roof top, overlooking the city. The project is intended to be a symbol for Ayacucho, remembering not only past tragedies, but the importance of human dignity in the future.


Non-profi t organisation Espacio Expresión www.espacioexpresion.org

COMMUNITY / ENVIRONMENT / PARTICIPATIVE SYSTEMS

Directors: Claudia Amico, Narda Devescovi, Zurin Díaz, Elizabeth Ontaneda Participants: Pisco community, local authorities, 3rd year architecture students, local private businesses.

In joint venture with the Urban Studies Department of the Pontifi cia Universidad Católica del Perú [PUCP]

URBAN CONNECTIONS Coordinators: Elizabeth Ontaneda, Claudia Amico

4th and 5th year students: Jannet Arévalo, Tobias Hahn, Andrés Romero, Jose Rodriguez, Carolina García, María Marcelo, Javier Lazarte, Jose Alarcón, Liz Marín, Tony Caballero, Alexander Diner, Pablo Pajares, Martín Montañez, Arely Amaut, Carlos Espinoza, Victor Quirita, María Paredes, Daniel Sanchez, Dessire Velez, Shadia Rashid, Nicolás Kisic, Andrea Pérez-Fu, Angelina Ferrero Special thanks to: Maya Ballén, Juan Tokeshi, CITIO (transdisciplinary art and architecture group), Oscar Malaspina, Guillermo Quiroz.

Participants


Prof. Lic. Fernando PerezProf. Ricardo Geldres

Luis Antonio Nakada Gusukuda (4th year)Pedro Morales Huapaya (4th year)Gianfranco Palomino Cerrón (4th year)Cesar Navarro Rache (5th year)Juan Navarro Hinostroza (5th year)Alejandra Cuervas Ramirez (5th year)Alexandra Moreno Velarde (5th year)Laura Alvarez Angeles (5th year)Renato Loayza Soracco (5th year)Claudia Ampuero Carrascal (5th year)

Prof. George Teodorescu

Nicola Heßbrüggen (2nd year) Alexandra Prunu (2nd year)Milind Mahale (2nd year)Gabriela Shandulovska (2nd year)Xia Zhou (2nd year)Yu Lin Hou (1st year)Kenan Zhu (1st year)Meng Fen Lee (1st year)Mascha Winkler (1st year)Martin Gutwinsky (1st year)Camilo Anabalon (1st year)Tredeaux Grobler (1st year)Wing Tak Chan (1st year)Jiin Lee (Guest student)

TOTORA PROJECT

Faculty of Industrial Design Pontifi cia Universidad Católica del Perú [PUCP]www.pucp.edu.pe

Master Program Integral StudiesCampus Waiblingen SAdBK Germanywww.integralinnovation.org/totora09

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Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Peruana De Ciencias Aplicadas [UPC]www.upc.edu.pe

THE MEMORIAL MUSEUM

Prof. Juan Carlos Doblado

Andrea Jimenez (5th year)Andrea Lechuga (5th year)María Fe Carlín (5th year)

PLAZA 0.1

Prof. Javier Artadi

Henry Palomino (3rd year)Javier Rodó (3rd year)

Cellular Hexagonal Modules

Prof. Adrain Noboa

Alfredo Castrro (3rd year)Mauricio Gilbonio (5th year)Jessica Hernandez (5th year)Ana Loayza (5th year)Nathalie Zimmermann (5th year)


Faculty of ArchitectureUniversidad Ricardo Palma [URP]www.urp.edu.pe www.basicobaracco.wordpress.com

THE SYNTHETIC FLOATING ORCHIDS

Founding and Director Workshop 5: Juvenal Baracco

Director: Laurin León

Studio Tutors: Andrés Mongrut-Steane Jose Ramos Milena Estremadoyro Angel tenorio

Phisical Models -“Assembled Structures - Polymers Spaces”:

Students: John Gallaguer (1st year) Ximena Calle (1st year) Sandra Gómez (1st year) Andrea Navarro (1st year) Patricia Sam (1st year) Fernando López (1st year) Andrea Fiori (1st year) Hiromi Arakaki (1st year) Andrea Ortega (1st year) Jose Luis Sánchez (1st year)

Arts and Virtual Models: Laurin León


Acknowledgments


We would like to thank the following people for their collaboration:Manuel Arenas, José Sano, Andrew Brookes, Chris Taylor and Miguel Cahuas.

Also, our special thanks to Aravec Clarke who helped defi ning the concept of the exhibition.

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