pest control in strawberry with irf135, pic and metham k steve fennimore, extension specialist u.c....
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Pest Control in Strawberry with IRF135, Pic and Metham K
Steve Fennimore, Extension Specialist U.C. Davis, at Salinas, CA
UCCE Ventura April 23, 2015
Collaborators Tom Miller
Krishna Subbarao
Rachael Goodhue
Oleg Daugovish
Frank Martin
Jim Gerik
Cheryl Wilen
Nathan Dorn, Reiter Affiliated Cos.
Ian Greene, Ramco Norcal
Jenny Broome, DSA
Mike Stangellini, TriCal
Husein Ajwa
3
Financial support
USDA NIFA Methyl Bromide Transitions 2013 -51102-21524
California Strawberry Commission Support from Reiter Affiliated Companies,
Driscoll’s, NorCal Ramco, AMVAC, Isagro A special thanks to TriCal Inc. & Ajwa Inc. for
fumigant application Thanks to growers Jose Garcia & Miguel
Ramos
Introduction Dominus– product description Dominus alone and tank mixes – product
description & trial results Metam K (K-Pam) tank mixes - trial results Summary
Dominus = IRF135 = AITCProduct Overview (from Isagro)
Allyl Isothiocyanate (AITC) is a synthetically produced biopesticide with its origins in a naturally occurring plant defense chemical from the plant family, brassicaceae
Testing since 2009 – University, USDA, Contract, and Grower Demo’s
Broad-spectrum activity– Efficacy against
» Weeds, nematodes, soil fungi and insects– Classified by US EPA and CA DPR as a Fumigant
» Vapor pressure + Bp + Henry’s Constant = “Passive Fumigant”» AITC is a naturally occurring plant defense compound provided by
ISAGRO USA in a consistent synthetic formulation
Physical/Chemical Characteristics of AITC– Flashpoint is 117°F (47°C)– Boiling point is 304°F (151°C)– Vapors are 3.4 times heavier than air– Does not make its own pressure (The only
pressure in the cylinders is nitrogen pressure)
Dominus
Dominus Details – (from Isagro)
All crops labelled (not yet in California) Entry restricted period = 5 days Acres allowed per day = unlimited Tarp cutting / puncture = 5 days Aeration = 2 – 24 hrs Planting interval = 10 days after application Buffer zone distance 0-25’ all rates, application methods and
acres applied FMP’s = not required Biopesticide status Not yet registered in California
US EPA Label Comparison
Product All Crop
Buffer Zone
Applic. Uses
Restricted Use Pesticide
Restricted Entry Interval
Film Type
Acres per Day
ApplicPer year
FMP
DOMINUS
YES 0 –25’ FF, RBS, RBD
NO 5 DAYS ALL NO LIMIT
> 1 NO
Standard-CP, MB, 1,3-D
NO 25 – 300+’
FF, RBS, RBD
YES 5 DAYS VIF, TIF
40 1 YES
FF = Flat Fume/Broadcast; RBS = Raised Bed ShankRBD = Raised Bed Drip
Strawberry Trial Schedule Lab
Lab weed dose response Jan. 2014 Strawberry field
Salinas October 2013 Salinas October 2014 (2 trials)Watsonville October 2012, 2013, 2014
Weed Viability - Lab Dominus dose response study
Annual bluegrassSweet clover PigweedSowthistleYellow nutsedge
Dominus (IRF135) doses of 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 2500 PPM
Propagules were exposed 24 h, 50 seed per replicate, 4 replicates per treatment, January 21, 2014
Weed Viability - Lab
0 10 100 1,000 lbs
BluegrassSowthistle
Yellow nutsedge
PigweedClover
Dominus (IRF135) evaluation in strawberry Treatments 2012-13
ControlPic Clor 60 350 lb/AIRF135 170 lb/AIRF135 225 lbs/AIRF135 340 lbs/A
4 replicates per treatment, Oct. 25, 2012 Weed seed bioassay, local field weeds
Nutsedge viability – IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 170 IRF135 225 IRF135 3400
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Nutsedge
Via
ble
%
A C AB BC C
Ramos 2012-13
Chickweed viability – IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 170 IRF135 225 IRF135 3400
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Chickweed
Via
ble
%
A C B C C
Ramos 2012-13
Purslane viability – IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 170 IRF135 225 IRF135 3400
102030405060708090
100
Purslane
Via
ble
%
A B B B B
Ramos 2012-13
Field Weed Control – IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 170 IRF135 225 IRF135 3400
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Weed densities
Nu
mb
er /
A
A B B B B
Ramos 2012-13
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
UTC PicClor 60350 lbs/ac
IRF-35170 lbs/ac
IRF-35225 lbs/ac
IRF-35340 lbs/ac
Yiel
d (g
/pla
nt)
Treatment
Early Season Yield from Clear Plastic at Watsonville, CA
* Standard PE Film
*
Late season collapse, Watsonville, CA - 2013
UTC
PicClor-60350 lbs/ac
Dominus360 lbs/ac
Dominus225 lbs/ac
Dominus (IRF135) evaluation in strawberry Treatments 2013-14
ControlPic Clor 60 350 lb/AIRF135 340 lb/AIRF + Pic 180 + 90 lbs/A (67:33)IRF + Pic 240 + 120 lbs/A (67:33)
4 replicates per treatment, Nov 11, 2013 Weed seed bioassay, local weeds
Nutsedge viability – IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 IRF135.Pic.lo IRF135.Pic.hi0
102030405060708090
100
Nutsedge
Via
ble
%
A C BC B C
Ramos 2013-14
Weed densities– IRF135
Control Pic Clor 60 IRF135 IRF135.Pic.lo IRF135.Pic.hi0
20406080
100120140160180200
Weeds 1000/A
Nu
mb
er 1
000/
A
A B B B B
Ramos 2013-14
Untreated control
160 lbs Dominus+
80 lbs chloropicrin
240 lbs Dominus+
120 lbs chloropicrin
Watsonville, 2014
Dominus (IRF135) K-Pam evaluation in strawberry
Treatments 2014-15 – Drip appliedControlK-Pam 31 & 62 GPADominus 20 & 40 GPAPic Clor 60 20 GPAPic Clor 60 fb K-Pam 20 fb 31 GPAPic Clor 60 fb Dominus 20 fb 20 GPAK-Pam fb Dominus 31 fb 20 GPA
4 replicates per treatment, Oct 11 & 15, 2014 Weed seed bioassay, local weeds,
nematodes, pythium, verticillium
Pythium Control - bioassays
Control KP 31 KP 62 Dm 20 Dm 40 PC 20/KP
31
PC 20/Dm
20
KP 31/Dm
20
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Pythium parts per gram of soil
9 in18 in
No
. S
po
res/
gra
m s
oil
Frank Martin 2015
Dom 20 Dom 40 K-P31/Dom20 K-Pam 31 K-Pam 62 Pic20/Dom20Pic20/K-P31 Untreated0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Average of weeds [cnt] /sqft Average of biomass [g] /sqft
cou
nts
per
sq
ft
g b
iom
ass
per
sq
ft
Weeds per sqft and biomass per sqft
Dominus @ 20
Dominus @ 40
KP31 fb Dom20
K-Pam @ 31 K-Pam @ 62 Pic20 fb Dom20
Pic20 fb KP31 UTC0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
9" 18"
Cit
rus
Nem
ato
de
/ 50
cc s
oil
Survival of Citrus Nematodes in 9” and 18”
Dominu
s @
20
Dominu
s @
40
KP31 fb
Dom
20
K-Pam
@ 3
1
K-Pam
@ 6
2
Pic20
fb D
om20
Pic20
fb K
P31UTC
0
20
40
60
80
Average of % Burning Nettle Average of % KnotweedAverage of % Purslane Average of % Yellow Nutsedge
No
.ger
min
ated
see
ds
Germination of selected weed seed samples
Dom 20 Dom 40 K-P31/Dom20 K-Pam 31 K-Pam 62 Pic20/Dom20 Pic20/K-P31 Untreated0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Average of South Average of North
Per
imte
r in
inch
es
Plant Perimeters (March 2015)
SummaryDominus (IRF-135)
No phytotoxicity or plant injury was observed when planting 10 days after fumigation.
360 lbs/ac of Dominus/Chloropicrin (67/33) is required to produce the highest strawberry yields in heavily-infested soils.
Weed control with Dominus, Dominus+Pic good if rate >350 lbs/A
SummaryDominus (IRF-135) part 2
Dominus controls citrus nematode
Dominus missed some Pythium
Dominus does appear to have good nutsedge activity at high rates