INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

A Total Quality Pest Management A Total Quality Pest Management PresentationPresentation

Reasons for the development of resistance:

• Use of only one class of insecticide• Inadequate planning or a poorly conceived control operation• Overextension of product features (target dose reduction)• Neglect of resistance management procedures

Rotation of ChemicalsShift from one chemical grouping to another

CHEMICAL GROUPINGS:Organochlorine very persistent

OrganophosphateCarbamateSynthetic Pyrethroid very low toxicity

Insect Growth RegulatorsPhenylpyrazolesChloronicotinyl

Sanitation

• Sanitation – promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by the maintenance of sanitary conditions

- should be under the supervision of Quality Assurance Manager - in coordination with plant managers and full support

of all top management

Factors Making Pest Management Difficult

√ Raw food items and packaging materials entering a plant may serve as a source of pests

√ Various food odors attract insects to food plants√ Exterior lighting attracts insects to food plants√ Warm buildings and moist processing areas favor pests√ Machinery, wall voids, conduits, and conveyors provide ample pest

harborages

PEST CONTROL PEST CONTROL

Methods of ApplicationMethods of Application

SURFACE SPRAYINGSURFACE SPRAYING

Equipment: Compressed SprayerChemical Diluent: WaterTarget Pests: Crawling Insects

SPACE SPRAYING

LV MistingDiluent: WaterEquipment: Misting Machine

ULV MistingDiluent: WaterEquipment: ULV Machine

Thermal FoggingDiluent: Oil, Diesel, KeroseneEquipment: Thermal Fogger

Mist BlowingDiluent: WaterEquipment: Mist Blower

COCKROACHESCOCKROACHES Cockroaches have existed almost unchanged for more than 300 million

years.

Cockroach Management

Cockroach Management

German Cockroach (Blattella germanica)German Cockroach (Blattella germanica)

Adult: 0.5 inch or 1.3 cm; light brown, two dark stripes on pronotum Preferred location: kitchens, bathrooms, food preparation and storage areas

Note: each ootheca may contain about 48 nymphs

TYPES OF COCKROACHESTYPES OF COCKROACHES

  American Oriental German

Size 1.5" or more 1"-1.25" 0.5-.75"

Color Reddish brownDark brown or

black Medium brown

# of eggs/capsule 14-16 16 30-48

# of capsules/lifetime 15-90 8 4-8

Lifespan up to 1.5 years  up to 1.5 years 4 – 7 months

RODENTSRODENTS

Most successful mammal, second to humans.

Commensal Rodents“sharing one’s table”

“to gnaw”

Baits will also be placed in rat harborage such as burrows and ground voids.

To inspect the bait placements on a regular basis and replenish when it runs out.

The period between inspections would depend on rodent population, bait acceptance and environmental conditions that may accelerate bait spoilage.

Baits are placed to ensure that the rodent is intercepted between its harborage and food sources. 

Rodent Management

BaitingBaiting

Rats are nocturnal, with their peak activity half an hour after sunset and half an hour before sunrise.

When the population is large or they are disturbed or hungry, you can see activity during the day.

Rats are suspicious of changes in the environment or new foods, for this reason it may take a couple of days for traps and poison baits to be taken.

Rodent Management

The Biggest Disease The Biggest Disease Carriers in ExistenceCarriers in Existence

(with over 1,000,000 species)

Flies Management

FACTS ABOUT FLIES• Flies transmit deadly diseases such as:

• Typhoid fever - Diarrhea - Cholera• Leprosy - Dysentery - Tuberculosis

• Each fly may carry as many as 6 million bacteria on it’s feet

• When feeding, flies expels saliva and feces

• A female fly will lay anywhere up to 3,000 eggs in their lifetime

Exclusi nAir curtain

Plastic strip curtain

Flies Management

N n Chemical Treatment

UVA light trap

1.5m above the floor

Away from sunlight

UV emission should be 350nm to 370nm

Flies Management

Flies Management

Uses its legs for testing food

Transmitted diseases

Mosquito Management

3 Main Species of Mosquitoes

The average lifespan of an Aedes mosquito in Nature is 2 weeksThe mosquito can lay eggs about 3 times in its lifetime, and about 100 eggs are produced each time. The eggs can lie dormant in dry conditions for up to about 9 months, after which they can hatch if exposed to favourable conditions, i.e. water and food

Mosquito Management

1-2 days

4-5 days 2-3 days

AEDES – Breeding SitesArtificial (man-made) Containers

Natural Containers

Flower vases/pot plates Tree holes/bamboo stumps

Pails/water storage jars Leaf axils/fallen leaves

Discarded receptacles (tin cans/tanks/plastic cups/rubber tyres/drums)

Choked/sunken roof gutters

Unused toilet bowls and cisterns

Canvas/plastic sheets

Concrete drains

Have adapted to breeding in water contaminated by repellents!

Mosquito Management

Mosquito BreedingMosquito Breeding

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!