peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in saiga antelope...

PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS (PPR) IN SAIGA ANTELOPEIN MONGOLIA

BODISAIKHAN.Kh State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Mongolia

[email protected]

Bali, Indonesia. 2017.07.04-06

CONTENT

• About Saiga antelope of Mongolia • Mortality of saiga antelope • Laboratory diagnosis• Comments

Central Asian antelopes400,000 – 2,700,000 40,000-140,000 67,000-72,000

http://www.largeherbivore.org

ABOUT SAIGA ANTELOPE OF MONGOLIA

Richard Kock


Richard Kock & SCVL & WCS

Mongolian Saiga isdistributed in westernpart of Mongolia.Mongolian saiga hasabout 14,000 in 2013.


Populaton of saiga in Mongolia ABOUT SAIGA ANTELOPE OF MONGOLIA

In recent years, Mongolian saiga population has increased steadily.

Mortality of Saga antelope There are too many saiga died in western part of Mongolia. We destroyedabout 4000 saiga carcasses by official information. Unofficial information,about from 5 to 6 thousand saiga were died.

MORTALITY OF SAIGA ANTELOPE

We finded many many saiga carcasses on the frozen desert range

Richard Kock & SCVL & WCS


Our country morbidity livestock by PPR at 2016-2017. This disease covered western provinces of Mongolia.

Ibex



Red cycle is Khovdprovince area.Blue cycle is Gobi-Altaiprovince area.

PPR disease detected in Mongolia from wild animals .

Saiga Black-tailed gazelles

Wild sheep Ibex

By June 2017 reportedthe death of saiga hasbeen stopped, but theibex died in mountainsarea (in Khovdprovince).


BSL III Laboratory of TAD division

Our organization have BSL-III laboratory. We used this laboratory to diagnosethe PPR and TAD diseases.We used 3 kind of diagnostic kit and to give a result in 3-6 hours for PPR.

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

Prepare samples:After take a samples from field, to extracted 15-20 gr sample and centrifuged at 4000 for 2 minute (PrecellysEvolution, Bertin,France).

Isolation of RNA:Isolated RNA by kit (Viral RNA isolation kit, Macherey- Nagel)

Detection of antibody:We used recombinant ELISA kit to detection of antibody for NP protein of PPR which was manufactured b ID. VetFrance (ID Screen® PPR Competition. Code: PPRC, Batch: 0814)

Detection of antigen :We used ELISA kit which was manufactured b ID. Vet France (ID Screen® PPR sandwich. Code: PPRAg, Ver:0614)

The method of PPR diagnosis


RT-PCR: We detected NP gene for PPR using NP3, 5 – TCT CGG AAA TCG CCT CAC AGA CTG – 3, NP4, 5 – CCT CCT CCT GGT CCT CCA GAA TCT – 3 primers.

Real time PCR: We performed at Laboratory of OIE and international atomic energy agency (IAEA) in Vena city of Austria. (used iTaqTM Universal Probe One-Step (Bio-Rad)

The method of PPR diagnosis


Sequence

Necropsy and clinical symptom

Ta take sample and necropsy New serum without any precipitation

To isolate RNA and DNA

Real time PCR, RT-PCR

To detect of antibody by ELISA

To detect antigen by ELISA

Result

Molecule biology

Sero surveillance

Notified VABA

After take a samples, togive a result in 3-6hours.


Use of in-field confirmatory diagnostic lateral flow device (BDSL) for PPR


All samples taken bysuspected animals for PPR.

Дээжийн дараалал: Ховд аймаг, Дөргөн сум, ишигний эмгэгт эд. №1‐Залгиур 21.72, №2‐Нарийн гэдэс 17.79, №3‐Элэг 27.76, №4‐Уушги N/A, №5‐Зүрх 26.93, №6‐Бөөр N/A, №7‐Дэлүү 19.3, №8‐Чацга 22.2, №9‐Нуух N/A, №10‐Эерэг хяналт 23.03 (Standard Pos RNA, IAEA, Bharani Kumar, 2015.12), №11‐Эерэг хяналт 22.15 (Мянгад сум 2016.08.18), №12‐Эерэг хяналт 20.17 (Годрон‐MCCP, Texas Red), №13‐Сөрөг хяналт N/A, үлэмж цэвэр ус

Result of qRT-PCR


From 12 samples which weresuspected for PPR. 6 sampleswere positive by RT-PCR withPPR E gene specific primers.

Samples: 1-2 negative control, 3-7 liver, kidney , lung, spleen and blood ofgoat from Buyant sum of Khovd aimag. 8-11 eye discharge, nasaldischarge of goat from Myangat sum of Khovd aimag.12-14. liver andhearth of goat grom Dugun sum of Khovd aimag. 15-16 Positive control(Standard Pos RNA, IAEA, Bharani Kumar, 2015.12).

Result of RT-PCR


LABORATORY RESULT OF SAIGA ANTILOPE

No Origin Date Animal species SpecimenTest results

PCR Ag ELISA Ref

1

Khovd 27 December, 2016 Saiga tatarica mongolica

Lung + + 12 Spleen + + 2

3 Eye discharge + + 3

4Gobi-Altai 11 January, 2017 Saiga tatarica

mongolicaSpleen + + 4

5 Lung + + 56

Khovd 16 January, 2017 Saiga tataricamongolica

Lung + + 67 Spleen + + 7

8 Eye discharge + 8

9 Nasal discharge + 9

10 Tongue ephitelial + 10

Total 10 samples


Phylogenic tree of Saiga.


• A national (& possibly regional) emergency disease situation exists and is likely to escalate if not immediately contained.

• Local people are concerned for wildlife & feel livelihoods threatened and are committed to help practically and politically

• Food resources in the saiga range are limited by desert conditions & severe winters, competition from livestock, animals under stress,clearly shown by poor condition of animals which may have increased susceptibility to diseases

• Inadequate funding & lack of trained human resource for wildlife disease outbreak disease investigation and epidemiological monitoring,livestock seromonitoring (vaccine effectiveness) and surveillance, inadequate veterinary capacity for virus elimination but State CentralVeterinary Laboratory is competent for diagnosis with upgraded facilities

• Science based inter-disciplinary, multi-sectoral decision making is vital,

• Maintain emergency – request international/national funding, initiate TCP (support FAO/OIE secretariat mission)

• Inform international wildlife/Saiga conservation organizations on Saiga/wildlife mortality situation for rapid support and response,

• Plan for spring animal movements, maintain restrictions on livestock use of saiga range to reduce stress & pathogen risk, initiate wildlifehabitat protection measures & policies,

• Use this opportunity to kick-start PPR – Global Eradication Program, safeguard livestock and ruminant biodiversity & associatedlivelihoods, One Health approach

• Focus on live not dead animals as the former transmit the infection not the carcasses (no threat to humans & low risk to livestock orwildlife), Initiate vaccination of livestock lambs/kids by July & adults if seromonitoring dictates,

• Current focus & spending on disposal & disinfection excessive whilst investment in monitoring of epidemic & planning for spring inadequate

COMMENTS

COMMENTS

•Current livestock & wildlife epidemic situation under-reported – but confirmed and more extensive than widely thought with still active infection – indicated by wildlife outbreak & sporadic cases reported in livestock•A national (& possibly regional) emergency disease situation exists and is likely to escalate if not immediately contained. •Local people are concerned for wildlife & feel livelihoods threatened and are committed to help practically and politically •Globally significant mass mortality event, endangered saiga antelope being driven to the edge of extinction & other species both domestic & wildlife also affected & tourism economy threatened. Note Kazakh population devastated in 2015.•Food resources in the saiga range are limited by desert conditions & severe winters, competition from livestock, animals under stress, clearly shown by poor condition of animals which may have increased susceptibility to diseases •Inadequate funding & lack of trained human resource for wildlife disease outbreak disease investigation and epidemiological monitoring, livestock seromonitoring (vaccine effectiveness) and surveillance, inadequate veterinary capacity for virus elimination but State Central Veterinary Laboratory is competent for diagnosis with upgraded facilities

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