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Recent advances in the Centralian Superbasin:
implications for petroleum prospectivity in WA
Peter Haines
Geological Survey of Western Australia
Murraba Basin
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Talk outline
• The Centralian Superbasin
• Amadeus Basin
• Murraba Basin
• Officer Basin
• ConclusionsAmadeus Basin
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Centralian
Superbasin
Modified after Munson (2013);
Haines and Allen (2017)
• Neoproterozoic – Paleozoic
intracratonic basin
• Linked to Adelaide Rift Complex
• Fragmented by late Neoproterozoic
and Paleozoic tectonism
• Similar basin history and
stratigraphy throughout
• Paleozoic thin or absent in WA
• Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic
petroleum systems
• Only Neoproterozoic petroleum
systems significant in WA
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
• WA Amadeus Basin now seamless stratigraphy with NT; to be used on future maps
• NT Neoproterozoic source units (Gillen, Aralka, Pertatataka Formations) now recognised in WA
• Better geophysical definition of basin boundaries allows redefined basin area in WA
• 1VD aeromagnetic data defines structural trends/closures under extensive sand cover
• Geophysical modelling by CSIRO (COBRA Project) better constrains 3D shape and thickness
• Evidence that salt tectonics during sedimentation and salt seal extends into WA
• New mineral exploration drilling provides samples for future source/maturity analysis
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, NT Neoproterozoic hydrocarbon systems
Cambrian
Ediacaran
Cryogenian
Tonian
Neo
pro
tero
zo
ic
541 Ma
~635 Ma
~720 Ma
1000 Ma
Mesoproterozoic
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
Super-
sequences
Aralka Formation
Julie Formation
Arumbera Sst / Winnall beds
Olympic Fm / Pioneer Sst
Areyonga Formation
Heavitree Fm / Dean Quartzite
glacial erosion / unconformity
glacial erosion / unconformity
Amadeus Basin(Paleozoic omitted)
Pertatataka Formation
Wallara Formation
Dingo Gasfield, Orange 1, 2
Wallaby 1
Ooraminna 1, 2
Magee 1, Mt Kitty 1
Finke 1
Mt Winter 1
Dingo Gasfield, Ooraminna 2
Source Commercial gasfield Gas flow Oil show
Bitter Springs Group
Salt seal
Cambrian seal
6% He 9% He
Petermann
Orogeny
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin
• Aeromagnetic image clearly defines
tectonic basin boundary
• Amadeus outliers in Arunta Orogen
more extensive than previously
thought
• Canning Basin overlying Amadeus
Basin is thin (mostly Permian
Paterson Formation)
• One quarter of Amadeus in WA
GeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
50 km
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin
Amadeus Basin46 000 km2 in WA
including outliers
¼ of total basin
Canning Basin
Amadeus outliers
Pre-Amadeus inliers
50 km
GeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
• Aeromagnetic image clearly defines
tectonic basin boundary
• Amadeus outliers in Arunta Orogen
more extensive than previously
thought
• Canning Basin overlying Amadeus
Basin is thin (mostly Permian
Paterson Formation)
• One quarter of Amadeus in WA
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
• Magnetic contrast between stratigraphic units
allows mapping of structures under cover on
1VD aeromag imagery where dips are moderate
to steep
GeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
• Salt-withdrawal mini-basins
20 kmGeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
20 km
Gulf of Mexico
GeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
• Salt-withdrawal mini-basins
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
20 kmGeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
• Multi-phase salt movement and
compressional tectonics
(Petermann Orogeny)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin, WA
20 km Salt diapir?
GeoVIEW image
1VD aeromag
• Multi-phase salt movement and
compressional tectonics
(Petermann Orogeny)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Amadeus Basin: CSIRO COBRA Project
WA WA NTNT
Amadeus + Canning
thickness
Amadeus + Canning
+ pre-Amadeus
thickness
• ~ 4 km average; ~6.5 km near NT border • Up to 12 km with ‘pre-Amadeus’ package
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Murraba Basin
• Previously (pre-2005) included in Birrindudu Basin
• Previously correlated to only basal Centralian SB stratigraphy
• Previously assumed no hydrocarbon prospectivity
• Recent revaluation is first GSWA fieldwork
in upper Murraba stratigraphy since 1970s
• Now correlated with entire Neoproterozoic
succession of Amadeus Basin
• Possibility of similar Neoproterozoic
hydrocarbon systems to Amadeus
• Tentative evidence of salt tectonics
Modified after Munson (2013);
Haines and Allen (2017)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Murraba Basin cf. Amadeus Neoproterozoic stratigraphy
and hydrocarbon systems
Cambrian
Ediacaran
Cryogenian
Tonian
Ne
op
rote
rozo
ic
541 Ma
~635 Ma
~720 Ma
1000 Ma
Mesoproterozoic
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
Super-
sequences
Aralka Formation
Julie Formation
Arumbera Sst / Winnall beds
Olympic Fm / Pioneer Sst
Areyonga Formation
Heavitree Fm / Dean Quartzite
glacial erosion / unconformity
glacial erosion / unconformity
Amadeus Basin(Paleozoic omitted)
Red
cliff
Po
un
d G
p
Hidden Basin beds
Murraba Formation
Erica Sandstone
Munyu SstLewis Ra S
basement clast float (?glacial)
carbonate/chert float
fine sandstone/siltstone float
Murraba Basin(new interpretation)
carb.
co
nc
ea
led
Pertatataka Formation
Wallara Formation
Dingo Gasfield, Orange 1, 2
Wallaby 1
Ooraminna 1, 2
Magee 1, Mt Kitty 1
Finke 1
Mt Winter 1
Dingo Gasfield, Ooraminna 2
Source Commercial gasfield Gas flow Oil show
Bitter Springs Group
Salt seal
Cambrian seal
6% He 9% He
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Officer Basin
• GSWA Vines 1: Reinterpretation indicates more complete
Neoproterozoic succession near WA border, analogous to SA
• Mulyawara 1 & Kutjara 1 (Rodinia 2011) in SA will improve
correlations across the border zone
• Stratigraphically extensive minor gas shows in Mulyawara 1 and
Kutjara 1 have implications for prospectivity of the Buldya Group
near the border in WA
• YOM deep crustal seismic line (GA/GSWA 2011) provides complete
transect of Officer Basin and puts key stratigraphic well GSWA
Empress 1/1A on seismic
• New mineral exploration drill cores to be studied in future
Vines 1
Mulyawara 1
Kutjara 1
Empress 1/1A
YOM seismic line
Modified after Munson (2013);
Haines and Allen (2017)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Officer Basin
• YOM seismic line (GA/GSWA, 2011)
provides complete transect of Officer
Basin and puts key stratigraphic well
GSWA Empress 1/1A on a seismic
• Salt structures intruding succession
• Underlying late Mesoproterozoic Basin
(oil shows & source rock in WMC NJD1)
From Neumann et al. (2013) GA Record 2013/28
Musgrave
Province
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and PetroleumGovernment of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Conclusions
• Amadeus Basin• Unification of Amadeus Basin stratigraphy across WA ̶ NT border
• Neoproterozoic petroleum systems may extend into WA
• Improved geophysical imaging of basin structural margin and internal structures
• Extensive salt structures in WA Amadeus Basin
• Murraba Basin • More complete Centralian Superbasin stratigraphy than previously thought
• Similar to Amadeus Basin allows reconsideration of prospectivity
• Salt at depth likely
• Officer Basin• New data will improve interpretation and refine prospectivity near WA ̶ SA border