pg. 69 weathering. the process by which rocks on or near earth’s surface break down and change the...
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![Page 1: PG. 69 Weathering. The process by which rocks on or near Earth’s surface break down and change The removal and transport to other locations is erosion](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083007/56649e3f5503460f94b30095/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PG. 69
Weathering
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Weathering
The process by which rocks on or near Earth’s surface break down and change
The removal and transport to other locations is erosion
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Types of Weathering
Mechanical – by physical processes Only changes the shape and size
Chemical – Changes the chemical composition of the rock
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Mechanical Weathering
Mechanical weathering is affected by: Temperature-
Water freezes in rocks and causes them to expand and then contract eventually causing cracks (Frost Wedging)
Causes potholes Pressure-
overlying rock is carried away, lower rock layers expand and create cracks known as joints
when outer rock layers are stripped away it is called exfoliation
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Chemical Weathering
Agents of chemical weathering: Water
Can dissolve many rocks and minerals Reaction of water with other substances called hydrolysis
Oxygen Chemical reaction of oxygen w/ other substances called
oxidation Carbon dioxide
When combined w/ water, produces carbonic acid Acids
Acid rain can degrade rocks (caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides we put into the air)
Use pH to determine the acidity (the lower the more acidic) 5.6 is the pH of normal rainfall
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Rate of weathering
Weathering occurs very slowly (2000 yrs to weather 1 cm of limestone)
Climate can influence the rate of erosion Amount of rainfall, temperature, and evaporation Chemical weathering occurs more in warmer wet climates (lots of
organic material in soil that eventually produces carbonic acid) Mechanical weathering occurs more in cooler dry climates
Rock Type Sedimentary rocks more easily broken down
Surface area The smaller the pieces, the more surface area, the more chemical
weatheringTopography
Materials on slope undergo weathering more readily
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QuestionsPg. 70
Answer numbers 1-4 on page 161Write both the question and answer
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Questions
1. Distinguish between weathering and erosion.2. List several variables that affect the rate of
weathering.3. What two climatic factors are most important in
the weathering process?4. Describe how one variable may affect another
variable in the weathering process (i.e. how mechanical weathering can affect chemical weathering).
5. make a graph that would represent the relationship between the rate of weathering and the surface area of material.