phase changes “it’s just a phase”. states of matter solid, liquid and gas (plasma) changes...
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Phase Changes
“It’s just a phase”
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States of Matter
Solid, liquid and gas (plasma)Changes between states are
called “phase changes”Caused by a change of heat or
pressureHEAT and TEMPERATURE are
not the same thing
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Temperature
Measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
Is measured in Celsius or Kelvin.Kinetic energy is directly related
to the speed of the molecules.The faster the
particles/molecules are moving the higher the temperature.
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Heat
Heat is a measure of energy (Joules).
HEAT and TEMPERATURE are not the same thing.
Ex. A cold Lake Superior has more heat energy than a boiling pot of water.
For our class, higher temperature means more heat.
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STATES OF MATTER
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Solids
Molecules are tightly packed together.
High potential energy – more bonds.
Particles vibrate in place.Very Dense.Not easily compressed.Definite shape and volume.
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LiquidsParticles are not so tightly
packed (liquids flow and can be poured).
Medium potential energy.Definite volumeIndefinite shape (takes shape of
container)
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GasesParticles spread out
as the container will allow.
High kinetic energy, particles are moving very quickly
Can be compressedIndefinite volume and
indefinite shape
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Phase Changes
When a substance changes states.Requires the input or the removal
of energy or change in pressure.During a phase change the
temperature does not change, but the amount of energy does.
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PH
AS
E C
HA
NG
ES
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EN
ER
GY
CH
AN
GE
S
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Sublimation
Transformation of a substance to a gas from a solid state with no liquid transition.
Dry Ice does this.
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Deposition
When a gas transforms into a solid without transitioning through a liquid state.
Ex. Frost forming on windows.
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