phase diagram
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Examples of Phase DiagramsExamples of Phase Diagrams
![Page 2: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
20 30 40 50 60 70
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
496
498
500
502
504
506
508
510
512
514
516
518
520
522
524
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
6
8
10
12
14
16
A
Re
lativ
e M
E a
t 2
22
nm
Temperature (oC)
B
Re
lativ
e F
l. p
ea
k in
ten
sity
Temperature (oC)
C
Fl.
pe
ak
po
sitio
n (
nm
)
Temperature (oC)
D
Re
lativ
e h
elix
co
nte
nt
Temperature (oC)
E
Re
lativ
e A
NS
Fl.
pe
ak
inte
nsi
ty
Temperature (oC)
F
AN
S F
l. p
ea
k p
osi
tion
(n
m)
Temperature (oC)
G
Op
tica
l de
nsi
ty a
t 3
50
nm
Temperature (oC)
H
Re
lativ
e F
l. lig
ht
sca
tte
rin
g
Temperature (oC)
Figure 1
I
Exc
ess
MH
C
Temperature (oC)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
20 30 40 50 60 701.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
500
502
504
506
508
510
512
514
516
518
520
522
524
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
A
Re
lativ
e M
E a
t 2
22
nm
Temperature (oC)
B
Re
lativ
e F
l. p
ea
k in
ten
sity
Temperature (oC)
C
Fl.
pe
ak
po
sitio
n (
nm
)
Temperature (oC)
D
Re
lativ
e h
elix
co
nte
nt
Temperature (oC)
E
Re
lativ
e A
NS
Fl.
pe
ak
inte
nsi
ty
Temperature (oC)
F
AN
S F
l. p
ea
k p
osi
tion
(n
m)
Temperature (oC)
G
Op
tica
l de
nsi
ty a
t 3
50
nm
Temperature (oC)
H
Re
lativ
e F
l. lig
ht
sca
tte
rin
g
Temperature (oC)
Figure 2
I
Exc
ess
MH
C
Temperature (oC)
Interpretation
Experimental data Experimental data visualization visualization
![Page 3: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
VisualizationVisualization
Reconstructed 3-D Vector 321, xxxv i TpH
Rescale the vector to RGB color system
10 '''' '321, i
iTpH xxxxv
Each vector will define a color block in the phase diagram at its corresponding coordinates (pH, T)
'
'
'
3
2
1
x
x
x
B
G
R
![Page 4: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Phase diagram created using high-resolution Phase diagram created using high-resolution second derivative UV spectroscopy data. second derivative UV spectroscopy data.
4 5 6 7 8pH
10
20
30
40
50
T Ricin2nd DerivativeUV
![Page 5: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Phase diagram generated using ANS fluorescence and Phase diagram generated using ANS fluorescence and intrinsic Trp fluorescence intensity data and CD molar intrinsic Trp fluorescence intensity data and CD molar
ellipticity data of recombinant ricin toxin A-chain. ellipticity data of recombinant ricin toxin A-chain.
4 5 6 7 8 9pH
20
40
60
80
T Ricin ANS Int., Intrinsic Int., & CD
![Page 6: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Phase diagram rPA based on intrinsic, ANS Phase diagram rPA based on intrinsic, ANS binding fluorescence and CDbinding fluorescence and CD
3 4 5 6 7 8 9pH
20
40
60
80
T Antrax PA # 1
2
Stable phase
Structrally altered and aggregated state
Molten globule state
Severely structurally altered phase
![Page 7: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Empirical phase diagram (EPD) of Empirical phase diagram (EPD) of RSV over the pH range 3-8RSV over the pH range 3-8
Data included in the generation of the EPD are all negative second-derivative UV peaks, CD signal at 222 nm, optical density at 350 nm, intrinsic fluorescence peak position, intrinsic fluorescence intensity at 330 nm, and ANS fluorescence intensity at 485 nm
Ausar, et al, Mol. Pharm., 2 (6), 491 -499, 2005.
![Page 8: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Adenovirus Type 2Adenovirus Type 2
![Page 9: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle DOTAPDOTAP
![Page 10: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle DOTAP Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle DOTAP (Charge ratio =4.0)(Charge ratio =4.0)
![Page 11: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle DOTAP/DOPEDOTAP/DOPE
![Page 12: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle DOTAP/DOPE (Charge ratio = 4.0)DOTAP/DOPE (Charge ratio = 4.0)
![Page 13: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle PLL Non-Viral Gene Delivery Vehicle PLL (Charge ratio =4.0)(Charge ratio =4.0)
![Page 14: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ty21a bacteriaTy21a bacteria
![Page 15: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
HSPPC96HSPPC96
![Page 16: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HSPPC96 Visual InterpretationHSPPC96 Visual Interpretation
![Page 17: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
HSC70HSC70
![Page 18: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
HSC70 Visual InterpretationHSC70 Visual Interpretation
![Page 19: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
FGF1FGF1
![Page 20: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
FGF1, heparin excipientFGF1, heparin excipient
![Page 21: Phase diagram](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081508/55764dbbd8b42aaa548b45f1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
FGF1, sucrose excipientFGF1, sucrose excipient