phil and sophie present the philosophy review quiz show
TRANSCRIPT
PHIL AND SOPHIE PRESENT
The Philosophy review quiz show
AUTONOMY
The freedom of being able to decide for oneself by using one’s own rationality
PLATO NOT PLUTO……
______________ myth of the cave can be found in his work entitled _________________
The Republic
WHO STATED……
“Humanity came into being and exists in order to contemplate the principle of the nature of the whole. The Function of wisdom is to gain possession of this very thing….” ?
Perctione
EPISTEMOLOGY
“Literally means, “the study of knowledge”
GAIL STENSTAD
She argues that men approach knowledge assuming there is only one truth or correct theory. She calls this theoretical thinking.
What does she call female thinking?
Anarchic
DETERMINISM
The theory that states, “All things and all human beings are unfree.”
PAUL HENRI D’HOLBACH
Who wrote in the 18th century: “In whatever manner man is considered, he is connected to universal nature, and submitted to the necessary and immutable laws that she imposes on all beings….He is without his own consent…In short, the actions of man are never free;
“Everyone is selfish….” was stated by a good
friend of mine…….
Harry Browne not Charlie Brown
SOCRATES
“The unexamined life is not worth living”
METAPHYSICS
The study of the nature of reality
Metaphysics
A Hindu word meaning non-violence……
Ahimsa
JANICE MOULTON
The feminist philosopher ______________, has pointed out that most philosophers use an “adversarial method” of inquiry.
GENEVIEVE LLOYD
She stated that the equation of maleness with superiority goes back at least as far as the Pythagoreans…the denigration of the “feminine” is to feminists….the most salient aspect of the maleness of the philosophical tradition.”
PARMENIDES
The ancient Greek philosopher who held that change is an illusion. He believed the universe in reality is a frozen, unchanging object.
ZENO
HE stated, “a runner cannot move from one point to another. For to do so, he must first get to a point half-way to the half-way point…and so on for an infinite number of spaces.” He therefore stated, no object moves.
MATERIALISM
The metaphysical position that reality is ultimately composed of matter.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS NOT A MATERIALIST?
Hobbes
Julien Offroy de La Mettrie
Berkeley
Laplace
Philosophy comes from two Greek words meaning…….
Love and wisdom
This man came up with “Logotherapy” and was a Great believer in free choice……
Victor Frankl
AUGUSTINE
HE thought of reality as a continuum with human beings somewhere in the middle.
SUBJECTIVE IDEALISM
Is the position that the world consists of my own mind and things that are dependent on it.
PHENOMENOLOGY
Is the study of what appears to consciousness……..
WHICH ONE OF THESE GUYS DOES NOT BELONG?
Husserl Heidegger Merleau-Ponty Sartre
Why?He was not a phenomenologist but an existentialist.
WHICH IS TRUE ABOUT THE LIBERTARIAN VIEW?
Human beings are not personally responsible for what they do
Freedom and causal determinism are both true
Actions by people are not causally determined by previous events and the laws of nature.
HUSSERL
When I say bracketing you should automatically think of…….
“IF NO ONE ASKS ME, I KNOW WHAT TIME IS; IF SOMEONE ASKS AND I WANT TO EXPLAIN IT, I DO NOT KNOW”
Augustine
IDEALISM
“Construes the self as part of a cosmic mind, spirit, idea, or life force.”
For the _______________ the self is pure being.
For the ________________ the self is whatever we choose to make it.
Phenomenologist
Existentialist
HE BELIEVED…….
Quarrels are caused predominantly by
A) competition
B) diffidence
C) glory
Hobbes
TOMMY HOBBES COMPARED THIS TO…
Government
BERKELEY
When I say “Esse est percipi” you should think of……
Berkeley
ESSE EST PERCIPI MEANS
“To exist is to be perceived”
ST. ANSELM
He was first to present the Ontological Argument in a formal, self-conscious manner.
PANTHEISM
Everything is God and God is everything…..
AQUINAS
HE offered five ways to prove the existence of God………
AQUINAS’ PROOFS DO NOT INCLUDE AN ARGUMENT FROM…..
Motion
Causality
Conceivability
Imperfection
Order
ANALOGY
For Aquinas, positive knowledge of God can be gained by…….
DESCARTES
HE inferred his existence from his cognitive experience……..hint…not any of these guys….
LEIBNITZ
Many of Conway’s ideas were “borrowed” by ……….
A PRIORI
Knowledge known independently of sense experience is
The British Empiricists were
Berkeley Locke Hume
I say blank slate…..you should automatically think…….
Locke
SOLIPSISM
A position that only I exist and that everything else is just a creation of my subjective consciousness.
IMPRESSION
According to Hume the pain you feel when you hit your thumb is
CUSTOM
According to _____________ is the great guide of human life….
OBJECTIVE TRUTH THEORY
Correspondence
Coherence
Pragmatic
LOCKE WAS A PROPONENT OF WHICH THEORY
Correspondence
Coherence
Pragmatic
THIS GUY IS KNOWN FOR
Utilitarianism
I SPENT MY LIFE STUDYING THE STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT……
Kohlberg
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT
___________________ argued that “women who acquiesce to their morally inferior condition are blameworthy”.
BUDDHISM STATES PHILOSOPHICAL WISDOM WILL FREE US FROM…..Samsara or the never ending cycle of reincarnation
AQUINAS
According to __________ a path that requires us to remove certain ideas from our concept of God is called……
Via negativa
“I THINK THEREFORE I AM”……
Rene Descartes
DESCARTES (UNE AUTRE FOIS)
From the fact that he could conceive of the nonexistence ot his body without thereby conceiving of the nonexistence of his mind, _________________ concluded mind and body are distinct entities…..
WILLIAM PALEY
______________________ example of finding a watch in the heath is used to illustrate the __________________ argument.
The Design Argument
____________ IS THE BELIEF THAT THERE IS ONLY ONE GOD
Monotheism
COSMOLOGICAL
The _________________ argument argues that since an infinite causal chain is impossible, God must be an uncaused cause.
PRIMARY
According to __________________, a computer has certain qualities whether we perceive it or not, that he called………
WARRANTED, TRUE BELIEF
Gettier examples show knowledge is something more than
THE GREATEST BEING IMAGINABLE
By God, Anselm meant…..
HERACLITUS
Ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that change is the fundamental reality…..
THALES
Greek philosopher who believed everything is composed of water…….
THALES…..AGAIN…..THUS THE SWIMMING REFERENCE….GET IT?HE is usually considered the first Western philosopher……..
PLATO
_____________________ was Socrates disciple……
NIETZSCHE
“God is Dead”………..
CONWAY
According to __________, since God is purely spiritual, all things created by God have spirit……..
COHERENCE THEORY OF TRUTH
Blanshard was a proponent of the ___________________
IMAGINATION, MEMORY
For Hobbes, decaying sense can be either _____________________ or ___________________
VOLTAIRE
He wrote Candide……..
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORY?a) Egoism
b) Ethical absolutism
c) The categorical imperative theory
d) The prima facie theory
e) The divine command theory
ETHICS AND ANTHROPOLOGY
The difference between _______________ and _________________ is that the one tries to discover what people should do, while the other is descriptive experimental.
HEDONISM
According to ____________________, pleasure is the only intrinsic value.
According to Kant, nothing is good without qualification except……
A good will
EMPIRICISMIs the belief that all knowledge about the world comes from or
is based on the senses
ACCORDING TO LOCKE, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE NOT PRIMARY QUALITIES?a) Size
b) Shape
c) Colour
d) Texture
e) Weight
f) smell
A DIVINE MIND (GOD)
To explain the regularity in experience, Berkeley posits……..
THE GREAT SKEPTIC……How do you know you
are really here? How do you know my accent is fake? What do mean I
look like Elmer Fudd?....
Hume
ACCORDING TO HUME THE MIND CONTAINS TWO THINGS…..
1.Ideas2.Impressions
WHAT DO THESE TWO GUYS HAVE IN COMMON WHEN DEALING WITH THE TRUTH?
William JamesRichard Rorty
Both proponents of the Pragmatic Theory
COHERENCE
According to the __________________ theory, truth is a property of a related group of constituent statements.
BRAND BLANSHARD
According to ______________________ organic bodies have a higher degree of coherence than a junk heap and a stone pile.
The self is a bundle of perceptions.
A POSTERIORI
According to Kant, ___________________ statements are neither necessary nor universal.
YES, THAT IS RIGHT….HIM AGAIN OR SHOULD I SAY HUME AGAIN
Kant credited _______________________ with having awakened him from his dogmatic slumbers.
SYNTHETICAccording to Kant, _____________________ statements are ones that
give us genuine information about the world around us.
ANALYTICAccording to Kant, ______________________ statements are ones
that can be established by sense experience.
MORALITY
For Kant, _______________ forces us to assume the existence of God.
HEDONISMEpicurus is known for his……….
MANNY KANT
Is known for his categorical imperative
ARISTOTLE
According to ___________________virtue is the ability to be reasonable in our actions, emotions and desires.
VIRTUE
According to some female philosophers, female morality is __________________ based and male morality is _______________ based
rule
I used a _______________ to say God is Dead.
Madman
God izt Dead!!!
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT SAID WOMEN ARE TAUGHT TO DESIRE ______________ RATHER THAN RESPECT.
Love
UTILITARIANISM
What kind of “Ethical” theory does an atheist typically develop?
SOCRATES
Who is often called the “father of philosophy”……..
PANTHEISM AND THEISM
Panentheism tries to merge
OOPS, SORRY…..JUST SNUCK IN…..
CONWAY
_____________________ holds that after death God’s justice requires transmigration of spirits.
MASTER MORALITY
According to Nietzsche, a _____________________ will value strength, intelligence, courage, revenge and power.
Who stole this idea for his “power play”?
WHO SAID….?
Moral development for a woman is marked by progress toward more adequate ways of caring for herself and others.
No, but close…..sort of….. Carol Gilligan
AQUINAS
Who came up with the theory of Double Effect?
Do you like my hat……bought it at the Gap.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF PERCEPTION WAS WRITTEN BY….a) Merleau-Ponty
b) Kierkegaard
c) Sartre
d) De Beauvoir
JOHN RAWLS
He wrote “A Theory of Justice” where he presents a “brilliant argument in suppot of contemporary liberalism”
Born in Ninewells, he wrote “A Treatise of Human Nature”
Um, no, not who I had in mind
Hume
The idea that ideas existed in an objective state (known as Objective Idealism) is originally associated with……
No, but close….sort of…..
Plato
MUSLIMS TRADITIONALLY BELIEVE IN KISMETKismet means fate. In Philosophy terms
that would be called ………..
Determinism
TIME………
____________________ stated that it makes sense to think of time as a fixed series of moments.
McTaggert
French Philosopher, Henri Bergson argued that time is ________________, that it is forever moving from past to present to future…..
Subject ive
THE FATHER OF COMMUNISM….
nope
nope Nope but you have the right family name….
THIS PICTURE SORT OF FITS WITH…
a)Berkeley
b)Hobbes
c)Sartre
d)Frankl
HE WROTE SUMMA THEOLOGICA AND SUMMA CONTRA GENTILES…….
Aquinas
I think we should tell him to put his hat back on…..
WHAT HAS THIS GOT TO DO WITH GOD?
Design argument and William Paley
THIS IS ERNEST NAGEL….HE IS….
An Atheist
ANTIREALISM
The doctrine that the objects of our senses do not exist independently of our perceptions, beliefs, concepts and language
AYER IS THE BIG NAME WHEN SPEAKING OF a. Antirealism
b. Pragmatism
c. Logical Positivism
WHOSE THOUGHTS ON EUTHANASIA ARE THESE?1. it is against Nature
2. It is against Self Interest
mistaken diagnosis
chance of cure
pessimism- self defeating
3. Practical Effects
a. Dr's and RN's are committed to saving lives. They would be corrupted to think that there are occasions when the person (Patient) is better off dead.
b. Slippery Slope!!-
from Self Administered to Other Administered
from Voluntary to non-voluntary
from for the benefit of the person to the benefit of others, society, humankind
J. Gay-Williams
HOBBES
Who said people are all in a war against all?
I want to make this perfectly clear, I have
nothing to do with Quaker Oats…..
WHO SAID…..
“Each of us places in common his person and all his power under the
supreme direction of the general will; and as one body we all receive each member as an indivisible part of the
whole.”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau