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J RG E
PREPARATORY SURVEY REPORT ON
THE PROJECT FOR IMPROVEMENT OF EQUIPMENT
FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
APRIL 2013
JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY
ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD.
PACIFIC CONSULTANTS CO., LTD.
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
PREPARATORY SURVEY REPORT ON
THE PROJECT FOR IMPROVEMENT OF EQUIPMENT
FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
APRIL 2013
JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY
ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD.
PACIFIC CONSULTANTS CO., LTD.
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
PREFACE
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) decided to conduct the preparatory
survey and entrust the survey to the joint venture consist of Oriental Consultants Co.,
Ltd. and Pacific Consultants Co., Ltd.
The survey team held a series of discussions with the officials concerned of the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines, and conducted a field investigations.
As a result of further studies in Japan, the present report was finalized.
I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of the project and to the
enhancement of friendly relations between our two countries.
Finally, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines for their close cooperation extended to
the survey team.
April, 2013
Masami FUWA
Director General,
Global Environment Department
Japan International Cooperation Agency
SUMMARY
i
SUMMARY
1 Outline of the Recipient Country
(1) Territory and Nature
The Republic of the Philippines (the Philippines) is an archipelago of islands, which is
located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, and it consists of more than 7,000 islands. Its total land
area is approx. 300,000 km2, and eleven major islands, such as Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Leyte
and Cebu, make up 96% of the total land area. The Philippines has thousands of faults, approx.
220 volcanos and over 30,000-km-long coast lines. Due to such geographical nature, the
country has been frequently affected by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis caused by
great earthquakes occurred in the Pacific Rim. And also, it is emphasized that most of
typhoons developed around Mariana Islands tend to reach the country.
The Philippines has a monsoon climate on the west coast and a tropical rainforest climate on
the east coast, with high temperature and humidity all year long. Excluding the alpine region
with an altitude above 1500m, the temperature does not change greatly throughout the year; an
average temperature of 26.6°C, mean maximum temperature of 28.3°C (May), and mean
minimum temperature of 25.5°C (January). And, monthly mean humidity is between 71%
(March) and 85% (September). Precipitations are different from place to place; annual rainfall
varies from less than 1,000 mm to more than 4,000 mm, since it is due to geological conditions,
monsoon, route of typhoon etc.
(2) Socioeconomic Conditions
According to the Census 2010, the population of the Philippines is approx. 94 million
(projection). 1.1 million people reside within the National Capital Region (NCR), and one
third of the total national population reside within NCR and/or in the neighbouring regions of
NCR, such as CALABARZON and Central Luzon.
The Philippines is one of the most urbanized countries in Asia. However, the gap between
the rich and poor is pretty extreme, and many people tend to migrate into the major cities for
work opportunities. According to the poverty statistics by the National Statistics Coordination
Board (NSCB), NCR has the least poverty incident of 4.0%, while CARAGA (in Mindanao) has
47.8%, Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) has 45.9%, and Bicol (in Luzon)
has 45.1%.
In the recent years, the Philippines’ economic growth remained positive, though it has been
affected by the global recession, damage of supply chain caused by the Great East Japan
Earthquake and the serious flooding in the Thailand, and the European economic decline
resulting from debt crisis. The National Statistics Office (NSO) reported the real GDP growth
ii
rates of 1.1% for 2009, 7.6% for 2010 and 3.9% for 2011 as well as the GDP per capita of 2,007
USD for 2011. On the other hand, the unemployment rate of the country continues to be 7% to
8%, and there is no obvious improvement on the job opportunities. Due to scarcity of job
opportunities in the country, approx. 10% of the total population reside in foreign countries as
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs).
2 Background of the Project
The countries, seriously affected by the Sumatra Earthquake and the Asian Tsunami in 2004,
are strategically addressing to improve their disaster management systems, including earthquake
monitoring and warning systems. In those countries, however, monitoring networks, data
analysis systems and warning systems for earthquake and tsunami are still under development.
Meanwhile, the Great East Japan Earthquake, occurred on 11th of March, 2011, resulted in
tremendous damages to Japan, and it reminded the international community of importance of
disaster prevention.
Since the Philippines is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is for Japan, volcanic and
seismic activities are brisk, and earthquake disasters occurred frequently. It is very essential to
improve capacity for disaster mitigation and disaster response, through strengthening the
earthquake and tsunami monitoring networks, for the country that is one of the
earthquake-prone countries with a number of faults and volcanos. In addition, improvement of
drainage measures is needed for the country, due to frequent occurrence of flooding resulting
from tsunami and typhoons. Under such backgrounds, the Government of Japan (GOJ) was
requested by the Government of the Philippines (GOP) to procure equipment for improvement
of disaster risk management.
JICA had conducted basic information collection and confirmation studies on disaster risk
management mainly in countries of the Asia and Pacific-rim regions, where there are high risks
of earthquake and tsunami, from the end of September to the middle of November, 2011,
towards future assistance in the disaster risk management sector. Considering the results of the
studies, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA) instructed JICA to conduct
“Preparatory Survey on the Project for Improvement of Equipment for Disaster Risk
Management” pursuant to “Basic Guidelines for Reconstruction in response to the Great East
Japan Earthquake (July 29, 2011, by Reconstruction Headquarters in response to the Great East
Japan Earthquake)” in order to formulate Japan’s Grant Aid projects to be implemented by the
fiscal 2011 third supplementary budget of GOJ.
iii
3 Outline of the Survey Results and Contents of the Project
The preparatory survey team was dispatched to the Philippines from April 16 to May 21,
2012, in order to conduct the first field survey. The team had a series of discussions with the
two implementing agencies, namely Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHIVOLCS) and the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), as well as with the
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) as the responsible agency, and other
relevant agencies. The team also conducted the sites survey, survey on equipment operation
and maintenance, study on equipment planning during the first field survey. After returning to
Japan, the team continued to study and analyze the results of the field survey to make an outline
design.
As the result of such study and analysis in Japan, it was recognized necessity of the additional
field survey for further study towards preparation of the outline design for PHIVOLCS’s
elaborate equipment and systems. Meanwhile, it was judged that the outline design for DPWH
equipment would be finalized without an additional survey. This Project was formulated
aiming at disaster prevention and mitigation, under the third supplementary budget fiscal year of
2011, and it was required for the Project to contribute to improvement of disaster risk
management in the Philippines as soon as possible. Therefore, it was decided that DPWH
equipment would be procured ahead, while further survey and study continued for PHIVOLCS.
Then, the second field survey was conducted from December 2 to December 8, 2012, for
explanation of the outline design for DPWH equipment and for additional field survey for
PHIVOLCS equipment. Discussed and agreed matters during the second field survey were
confirmed on the Minutes of Discussions (M/D) signed on December 7, 2012.
After the second field survey, the team continued further study and analysis for PHIVOLCS
equipment and compiled the draft final report, and then the third field survey was conducted
from March 3 to March 8, 2013 in order to explain the outline design for PHIVOLCS
equipment in accordance with the draft final report. Discussed and agreed matters during the
third field survey were confirmed on the M/D signed on March 7, 2013.
The following tables show comparisons of the original requested items and the project
components confirmed in the M/D. Since the E/N of this Project has been signed already, it
was required to determine the scope of the Project to make fit it within the grant shown in the
E/N.
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Table 1 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for PHIVOLCS
Requested Items Project Components Item Qty. Pri*. Item Qty.
Notes
1.Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
1.Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
a. Broadband Strong Motion Seismometers
10 A 1-1 Broadband Strong Motion Seismometers
10 No change
b. Strong Motion Seismometers for replacement
36 A 1-2 Strong Motion Seismometers (for replacement)
36 No change
c. Earthquake Intensity Meters (incl. for emergency replacement)
240 A 1-3 Earthquake Intensity Meters (incl. for emergency replacement)
240 No change
d. GPS Continuous Receivers 10 B At experimental stage even in Japan
1-4 Earthquake Data Acquisition Software
2 Necessary for connection with the existing system
1-5 Earthquake Information System 1 Necessary for establishment of earthquake intensity monitoring system
1-6 Satellite Communication Equipment for PHIVOLCS H.Q.
1 Necessary for data receiving
2.Tsunami Warning System a. Sea-level Monitoring System in
Tsunami-prone Area 20 A 2. Real-time Tsunami Monitoring
System
2-1 Tsunami Wave Detectors 19 2-2 Data Transmission Stations 19
As a result of Site Survey
2-3 Tsunami Information System 1 Necessary for establishment of tsunami monitoring system
b. Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
1 A 3. Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
1 No change
3.Real-time Volcano Monitoring (Bulsan Volcano)
a. Broadband Seismometers (for monitoring underground magma movement)
5 B
b. Infrasonic Sensor (for detection and size estimation of eruptions)
2 B
c. GPS Receivers (for estimation of deformation and pressure source)
3 B
Due to the limitation of the budget, it is judged that the equipment for earthquake and tsunami monitoring have higher priority than volcano monitoring.
* Priority A:High, B:Moderate
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Table 2 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for DPWH
Requested Items Project Components Item Qty. Pri*. Item Qty.
Notes
1.Equipment for Emergency Response and Infrastructure Integrity Assessment
a-1. Heli-borne Oblique Photography System
2 B
a-2. Disaster Data & Information Sharing System
1 B
a-3. Workshop on Data Process by Heli-borne Oblique Photo System
1 B
Pilot Test Heli-borne Oblique Photography System in 6 Sites
1 B
Regardless of the effectiveness to grasp disaster situations, it is deemed difficult to include this item into the Project due to the high price and necessity of long-term technical assistance.
b. Bridge Inspection Vehicle 2 A Products that meet with the Project’s special consideration regarding procurement from the affected area of Great East Japan Earthquake could not be confirmed for this item.
c. Non-destructive Test Equipment incl. Operation and Maintenance Training
Concrete Rebound Hammer 3 A Reinforced Concrete Detective Radar
3 A
Infrared Thermal Imager 3 A
This item is included in the Japan’s loan project started in 2012.
d. Multi-purpose Versatile Dredger 3 B Requested item is not manufactured in Japan.
e. Mobile Drainage Pump incl. Operation and Maintenance Training
6 A 1. Mobile Drainage Pump 8 This item meets with the Project’s special considerations, and quantities of this item are increased since urgent necessity is recognized.
* Priority A:High, B:Moderate
The components of the Project finalized based on the tables shown above and agreed by the
Philippine side are as follows.
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Table 3 List of Equipment for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System (PHIVOLCS)
Item Major Specification Purpose of Use Project Site
1-1 Set of Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer (10 sets)
Broadband Strong
Motion
Seismometer
・ Symmetric triaxial component Servo-type velocity
meter (velocity-type strong motion seismometer)
・ Frequency response: 0.01~70Hz or above
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±2m/s (Not less
than ±200Kine)
・ Dynamic Range: Not less than 145dB
Digitizer ・ Nanometrics Trident Digitizer
・ 3 Channels
・ 24bit A/D conversion、ΔΣmodulation
・ NMXP data format (Nanometrics standard)
・ NMX/UDP (Nanometrics standard transmission
system)
・ Time correction by GPS
Power Source ・ Solar Panel, Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arresters), Cut off Switch, etc.
Scales of giant
earthquakes will be
accurately
estimated with
broadband strong
motion
seismometers that
can work even for
giant earthquakes,
and the information
acquired by the
equipment will be
utilized to forecast
earthquake damages
and tsunami.
10 Unmanned Stations
①BATP
②BBPS
③BESP
④ENPP
⑤GUIM
⑥LUBP
⑦MATI
⑧PAGZ
⑨PVCP
⑩SMPP
1-2 Set of Strong Motion Seismometer (36 sets)
Strong Motion
Seismometer
(Sensor)
・ Symmetric triaxial component Servo-type
accelerometer
・ Not less than 24bit A/D conversion、ΔΣmodulation
・ Sampling Frequency: Not less than 100Hz
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±3,000gal
Digitizer
(Processor)
・ Computed data: PEIS (PHIVOLCS earthquake
intensity scale), maximum acceleration, maximum
velocity、peak acceleration cycle, seismic intensity
(SI) scale, dominant frequency during each 10
seconds including maximum acceleration, Time of
earthquake detection
・ Based on SEED format
・ Based on SeedLink protocol
・ Time correction by GPS, error range: less than
10msec
・ Monitor output: instrumental seismic intensity,
maximum acceleration, maximum speed, Time of
earthquake detection
30 Manned Stations
6 Earthquake and Volcano Stations
36 Stations in total
①JAP ②BBP ③BCP ④BIP
⑤CGP ⑥CTB ⑦CVP ⑧DCP
⑨DMP ⑩GQP ⑪GSP ⑫KAP
⑬KCP ⑭LLP ⑮LQP ⑯MMP
⑰MPP ⑱PCP ⑲PGP ⑳PIP
㉑PLP ㉒PPR ㉓QVP ㉔RCP
㉕SCP ㉖SIP ㉗SNP ㉘TBP
㉙TGY ㉚ZCP
㉛Pinatubo ㉜Buco ㉝Mayon
㉞Sorsogon ㉟Canlaon
㊱Hibok-Hibok
Power Source ・ Solar Panel、Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arresters), Cut off Switch, etc.
35 stations except HQ (QVP)
which used City Power
Satellite
Communication
System
・ IPSTAR satellite communication equipment
(antenna、modem)
・ ABS satellite communication equipment (antenna、
modem)
The existing strong
motion
seismometers that
are up for renewal
will be renewed,
telemetry will be
established through
satellite
communication
systems, and a
real-time
monitoring network
for seismic wave
form and seismic
intensity will be
built.
32 Stations which do not have
Satellite Communication System
(29 Stations for IP Star, 3 Stations
for ABS)
1-3 Earthquake Intensity
Meter (240 sets)
・ Symmetric triaxial component acceleration sensor
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±1,500gal,
Noise: less than 0.1gal
・ Time correction by NTP
・ Computed data: PEIS (PHIVOLCS earthquake
intensity scale)
A network for
seismic intensity
will be established,
and it will be
utilized for disaster
response.
240 Locations in Nationwide
(To be installed at Local
Government Office, Potable Base
Station, etc.)
1-4 Earthquake
Acquisition Software (2
sets)
・ Nanometrics (Canada) Apollo Server
・ PC Workstation
・ UPS
The software will
be utilized for the
connection with the
existing systems.
PHIVOLCS HQ
1-5 Earthquake
Information System (1 set)
・ Server for seismic intensity indication (redundant
configuration)
・ Software for seismic intensity information displays
・ UPS, large-size monitor, KVM, rack, and etc.
Seismic intensity
data will be
acquired and stored,
and the data will be
indicated on maps.
PHIVOLCS HQ
1-6 Equipment for
Satellite Communication
System in HQ (1 set)
・ IPSTAR satellite communication equipment
(antenna、modem)
・ Nanometrics (Canada) Carina Hub
Monitoring data
transmitted through
satellite systems
will be received.
PHIVOLCS HQ
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Table 4 List of Equipment for Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System (PHIVOLCS)
Name Major Specifications Purpose Location
2-1 Set of Tsunami Wave Detector (19 sets)
Tsunami Wave
Detector
・ Radio-wave-type or ultrasonic-type water level
gauges (hanging type)
・ Measurement Interval: Less than 1 second interval、
Successive measurement
・ Measurement Range: not less than 15m, Dead Zone:
within 1.0m
・ Measurement accuracy: within ±0.3%h or ±3cm
(Maximum value)
・ Measurable displacement: not less than 2.0m/s
displacement can be followed.
・ Operating temperature limit:-10℃~50℃
・ Installation height: Not less than +3.5m from the
existing quay
・ Stanchion: SUS316 or above
Radio Transmitter
for Data
Communication
・ Transmission range: not less than 1km (line-of-sight
distance)
・ Frequency range: 481.250–481.475MHz or
486.250–486.475MHz
・ Output power: 10mW
・ Operating temperature limit:-10℃~50℃
Power Source ・ Solar Panels (chloride corrosion protective type for
splash area), Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arrester), Cut off Switch, etc.
Tide levels will be
measured. The
measured data will
be transmitted via
radios to tsunami
data transmission
stations constructed
in neighboring
elevated grounds.
2-2 Data Transmission Station (19 sets)
Data Logger
・ Memory capacity: The capacity that can store
one-year measurement data on tide levels
・ Time correction by GPS, error range: less than
10msec
・ Data processing: water level data within every 1
second will be statically processed to make it possible
to conduct averaging of the data in any interval
approximately from 1 to 600 seconds.
・ Operating temperature limit: -10℃~50℃
Radio Receiver for
Data
Communication
・ Transmission range: not less than 1km (line-of-sight
distance)
・ Frequency range: 481.250–481.475MHz or
486.250–486.475MHz
・ Output power: 10mW
・ Operating temperature limit: -10℃~50℃
Power Source ・ Solar Panels (chloride corrosion protective type for
splash area), Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arrester), Cut off Switch, etc.
19 Tsunami Monitoring Stations
①Maricaban
②Nasgbu
③Corregidor
④San Fernando
⑤Appari
⑥Basco
⑦Baler
⑧Virac
⑨(Void)
⑩Borongan
⑪Tacloban
⑫Dapa
⑬Tandag
⑭Mati
⑮Saranggani
⑯Kalamansig
⑰Zamboanga
⑱Dumaguate
⑲Sipalay
⑳San Jose
Satellite
Communication
System
・ IPSTAR Satellite Communication Equipment
(antenna, modems)
・ ABS Satellite Communication Equipment (antenna,
modems)
Receiving the tide
level data
transmitted via
radios by the
tsunami wave
detectors, the
stations will relay
the data to the
PHIVOLCS
headquarters with
satellite
communication
systems
17 IP Star stations (except ⑥⑰)
2 ABS Statins (⑥⑰)
2-3 Tsunami Information
System (1set)
・ Server for tsunami monitoring data (redundant
configuration)
・ Software for displaying tsunami information
・ UPS, monitor, KVM, rack, etc.
The measured tide
level data will be
collected and
accumulated.
Moreover, observed
tide levels and
speculated tide
levels will be
displayed.
PHIVOLCS HQ
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Table 5 List of Equipment for Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
(PHIVOLCS) Name Major Specifications Purpose Location
3 Hardware for Tsunami Simulation Data Base (1 set)
Computational
Server
(10 units)
・ CPU: Not less than Intel Xeon E5-2650(2GHz,turbo
boost 2.8GHz/8 core/20MB) x 2
・ Memory: Not less than 48GB (DDR3 1333MHz)
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than 4TB
・ Removable media drive: DVD-R/RW drive x1
・ LAN interface: Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3z or
IEEE 802.3ab), Port x 2
・ Chassis: Rack mount
・ OS: Linux (CentOS)
Network Attached
Storage (NAS)
(1 unit)
・ Protocol supported: NFS, CIFS
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than physical storage
capacity 36TB
・ LAN interface: Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3z or
IEEE 802.3a), Port x 2
・ Chassis: Rack mount
Control PC
(2 units)
・ CPU: Not less than Intel Core i7 3770
・ Memory: Not less than 8GB
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than 2TB
・ Removable media drive: Blue-ray disk drive
・ OS: Windows 7 pro / 64bit
Fortran Compiler ・ Intel Fortran Compiler, 2 Licenses (floating license)
Others ・ Network switch, UPS, monitor, KVM, rack, etc.
A great many cases
of tsunami
simulations will be
implemented at
very high speed.
Moreover, the
tsunami database
will be expanded.
PHIVOLCS HQ
Table 6 List of Equipment for Mobile Drainage Pump (DPWH)
Item Major Specifications Purpose of Use Site
4. Mobile Drainage Pump
(8 units)
・ Compact and lightweight submersible motor pump
φ200 (5m3/min;10m total head) , which can be used
in case of tsunami and flooding
・ Discharge Volume
10m3/min (5m3/min×2 parallel ; 10m total head)
5m3/min(5m3/min×2 series ;20m total head)
・ Discharge Length more than 50m
・ Generator 45kVA
To drain water in
the areas affected
by flooding caused
by tsunami or
typhoons, etc.
DPWH Regional Offices
(8 offices)
①DPWH HQ.
②Region III (Central Luzon)
③Region V (Bicol Region)
④Region VI (Western Visayas)
⑤Region VII (Central Visayas)
⑥Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
⑦Region X (Northern Mindanao)
⑧Region XI (Davao Region)
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4 Implementation Schedule and Project Cost
Procurement for this Project will be conducted by the procurement agent (Japan International
Cooperation System: JICS) on behalf of the Recipient, by the method of open competitive
tender. Since there are two Implementing Agencies (PHIVOLCS, DPWH), and since the types
and implementation schedule periods for PHIVOLCS and DPWH are quite different, it was
determined to separate tender packages by the Implementing Agencies.
The total implementation period for the PHIVOLCS package is 16.5 months; 5.0 months for
tender stage and 11.5 months for procurement stage. On the other hand, the total
implementation period for the DPWH package is 14.0 months; 4.0 months for tender stage and
10.0 months for procurement stage.
The initial cost for the Project to be borne by the Philippine side is estimated as 5.71 million
Japanese Yen (2.87 million Philippine Peso).
5 Project Evaluation
(1) Relevance
1) Contribution to Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
The assistance for PHIVOLCS under this Project aims at strengthening the capacity of the
earthquake and tsunami monitoring in order to enhance the capacity of disaster mitigation and
emergency responses through provision of real-time monitoring information to the disaster
related authorities.
Regarding the earthquake monitoring network, installation of broadband strong motion
seismometers, strong motion seismometers and earthquake intensity meters will contribute to
expand the PHIVOLCS’s real-time monitoring networks, in collaboration with SATREPS.
Furthermore, it will be made possible to realize enhancement of the accuracy of analysis, swift
transmission of information on earthquakes and prediction of disaster damages, and
consequently, the capacity for initial responses after the occurrence of disasters will be
enhanced. As for the tsunami monitoring network, the first real-time tsunami monitoring
network in the Philippines will be established. The real-time data obtained with the
monitoring equipment provided by the Project will be utilized for issuance and cancellation of
warnings for tsunami.
Thus, the assistance for PHIVOLCS will not only bear direct benefits for strengthening the
capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation all across the Philippines, but also build a
foundation towards establishment of the future real-time forecasting and warning system.
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With respect to the assistance for DPWH, it will contribute to smooth recovery and
reconstruction of the infrastructure by making it possible to drain water out of spot inundation
of roads and low-lying areas, where drainage pump facilities cannot completely drain water,
after flooding disasters occur resulting from tsunamis and typhoons.
2) Contribution to National Policies and Strategies in the Philippines
The Project is in line with the “Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016” having set a major
policy to strengthen disaster risk reduction at both national and local levels, and “The National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework (NDRRMF)” and “The National Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) 2011-2028” which cover one of the thematic
areas, namely "Disaster Prevention & Mitigation", and its goals and objectives of “Enhanced
Monitoring, Forecasting and Hazard Warning” and “Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery”.
3) Utilization of Japan’s Technologies in Disaster Risk Management Sector and Lessons
Learnt from the Great East Japan Earthquake
Japan has been providing assistance in the disaster risk management sector of the Philippines
for more than 30 years from the 1980s, and thus acquired technologies, know-how and broad
networks in the sector. Since this Project is categorized into the series of such assistance in the
disaster risk management sector of the Philippines, these acquired technologies, know-how and
broad networks can be utilized sufficiently.
Especially, regarding the technologies in the sector, they have been newly developed and
improved based on the lessons learnt from the Great East Japan Earthquake. Even in Japan,
introduction of such newly developed and/or improved equipment for disaster monitoring and
response have been promoted. One of the most remarkable cases is introduction of
Japan-made broadband strong motion seismometers, which can work for giant earthquakes,
since it was leant that the broadband seismometers went off scale when the Great East Japan
Earthquake. And, another typical example is Japan-made mobile drainage pumps whose
effectiveness was noticed in the tsunami affected areas of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
Deployment of the mobile drainage pumps to many of local governments in Japan has been
encouraged after the Great East Japan earthquake, and moreover, the equipment has greatly
accomplished great results for a severe flood disaster in Thailand in 2011.
4) Information Sharing among Japan and Neighboring Countries
Earthquake and tsunami monitoring data are not only transmitted within the Philippines, but
also shared with the following external agencies. Thus, the data obtained with the equipment
provided by the Project is also expected to contribute to enhancing the accuracy of earthquake
and tsunami monitoring, and forecasting and warning in Japan and other neighboring countries.
PHIVOLCS is a member of the Regional Working Group on Tsunami Warning and
Mitigation System for the South China Sea Region (SCS-WG) under Intergovernmental
xi
Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, in which Japan Meteorological Agency also
participates. For the purpose of sharing data on earthquake and tsunami in the South China
Sea region, they are aiming at development and operation of systems for earthquake monitoring,
and tsunami forecasting and warning in the region by 2016 through the establishment of a South
China Sea regional tsunami warning center and an information sharing platform. In addition,
the regional center will be connected with the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of the
World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The information is expected to be transmitted by
the center not only in the South China Sea region but also globally.
Based on fact findings above mentioned, it is considered that relevance of the Project will be
high.
(2) Effectiveness
The following outputs are to be expected from the Project. It is considered that the Project
will be confidently effective.
1) Quantitative Outputs
Expansion and Improvement of Real-time Earthquake Monitoring Network
The real-time earthquake monitoring network will be expanded and improved through the
provision of the following equipment; 1) broadband strong motion seismometers for the
10 existing unmanned seismic stations, and 2) strong motion seismometers with real-time
monitoring function for the 36 manned stations. Consequently, monitoring of seismic
intensities, identification of epicenters and calculation of magnitudes can be conducted
swiftly, and the accuracy of analyzing earthquakes will be enhanced.
Indicator Baseline (2013) Target (2017)
Number of broadband strong motion seismometers (Real-time)
0 site 10 sites
Number of strong motion seismometers (Real-time) 10 sites※1 36 sites
Number of strong motion seismometers with instrumental seismic intensity measurement function (Real-time)
0 site 36 sites
Number of earthquake intensity meters (Real-time) 23 site 340 sites※2
Percentage of earthquake with M4.5 and above with enhanced earthquake and tsunami information e.g. moment magnitude and source mechanism issued within 15 minutes
2 %
Not less than 60 %
(Targeted by SOEPD)
Time required for calculation of magnitude of very large earthquakes which is useful for timely tsunami and damage potential evaluation
N/A Less than 15 min.
(Targeted by PHIVOLCS)
※1:The real-time strong motion seismometers that currently installed at the unmanned seismic stations will be replaced by
the real-time broadband strong motion seismometers procured by the Project.
xii
※2:340 sites = 240 sites covered by this Project + 100 sites by SATREPS.(incl. 23 sets already installed as of March 2013)
Establishment of Real-time Tsunami Monitoring Network
The real-time tsunami monitoring network will be established through the installation of
tsunami wave detectors at 19 sites, and tidal level data can be obtained in real time.
Currently, tsunami warnings that are determined based on the analysis of epicenters and
magnitudes are notified to the disaster related agencies, such as OCD, by FAX and SMS.
However, tidal level monitoring in real time by means of the equipment provided by the
Project will contribute to higher accuracy and promptness of tsunami warning and its
lifting.
Indicator Baseline (2013) Target (2017)
Number of tsunami wave detectors (Real-time) 6 sites※3 35 sites※4
Time required for confirmation of local tsunami after detection or observation of first tsunami
30 min. to several hours
Less than 1 min.
※3:A wet sensor at Lubang, owned by PHIVOLCS and other 5 monitoring stations to be operated by the local governments,
of which monitoring data are transmitted to PHIVOLCS H.Q.
※4:35 sites = 6 existing sites + 19sites covered by this Project + 10 sites covered by SATREPS
Promotion of Tsunami Simulation Database Development
The establishment of the tsunami simulation database is indispensable for high accuracy
and promptness of tsunami warnings. Currently, in technical cooperation with SATREPS,
the tsunami simulation database is being developed. However, the equipment that is
currently in use does not have sufficient capacity for calculation. Thus, a PC cluster with
adequate capacity will be provided by the Project in order to accelerate development of the
tsunami simulation database.
Indicator Baseline (2013) Target (2017)
Number of simulation cases that can be processed per 6 hours
1 case 400 cases
Provision of Mobile Drainage Pumps
For the purpose of contributing to smooth recovery and reconstruction of the infrastructure
in occurrence of flooding disasters, 8 mobile drainage pumps will be deployed to the flood
prone regions, especially for spot inundation of roads and low lying areas.
Indicator Baseline (2013) Target (2017)
Number of DPWH’s mobile drainage pumps 0 unit 8 units
Time required for pumping out inland flood in urban areas Approx.3 days Approx.1 day
xiii
2) Qualitative Outputs
Strengthening of the real-time earthquake monitoring network and establishment of the
instrumental seismic intensity monitoring network will make it possible to improve the
accuracy of the analysis of earthquakes, swift transmission of earthquake information.
Consequently, the capacity for disaster mitigation and emergency responses will be
encouraged by providing real-time monitoring information and results of analysis and
warnings to the disaster related agencies, such as OCD.
Through the establishment of the first real-time tsunami monitoring network in the
Philippines, necessary data for declaring and lifting warnings can be obtained in real-time.
As is the case of earthquake monitoring, the capacity for disaster mitigation and
emergency responses will be encouraged by providing real-time monitoring information
and results of analysis and warnings the disaster related agencies, such as OCD.
It is expected that the tsunami simulation result can be improved by using of real time tide
data of each station collected through Real-time Tsunami Monitoring Network.
The implementation of this Project will not only bear direct benefits for strengthening the
capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation all across the Philippines, but also build a
foundation towards establishment of the tsunami early warning system.
The Project will contribute smooth recovery and reconstruction of not only infrastructure
but also sanitation condition of the flood area by making it possible to drain water out of
spot inundation of roads and low-lying areas, where drainage pump facilities cannot
completely drain water, after flooding disasters occur resulting from tsunamis and
typhoons.
- i -
CONTENTS
Preface
Summary
Contents
Location Maps
List of Tables and Figures
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Background of the Project................................................................................1-1
1-1 Background and Outline of the Project.......................................................................1-1
1-2 Natural Conditions ......................................................................................................1-2
1-3 Envronmental and Social Considerations ...................................................................1-3
Chapter 2 Contents of the Project .....................................................................................2-1
2-1 Basic Concept of the Project .......................................................................................2-1
2-1-1 Overall Goal and Project Objective.....................................................................2-1
2-1-2 Outline of the Project ..........................................................................................2-1
2-2 Outline Design of the Japanese Assistance .................................................................2-4
2-2-1 Design Policy ......................................................................................................2-4
2-2-1-1 Basic Policies.......................................................................................2-4
2-2-1-2 Policy towards Natural Conditions ......................................................2-4
2-2-1-3 Policy towards Socio-economic Conditions ........................................2-5
2-2-1-4 Policy towards Local Procurement Conditions and Commercial
Practice ................................................................................................2-5
2-2-1-5 Policy towards Employng Local Contractors and Consultants............2-5
2-2-1-6 Policy towards Operation and Maintenance ........................................2-6
2-2-1-7 Policy towards Grades for Equipment .................................................2-6
2-2-1-8 Policy towards Method of Procurement and Project Implementation
Period...................................................................................................2-6
2-2-2 Basic Plan (Equipment Plan)...............................................................................2-7
2-2-2-1 Principles .............................................................................................2-5
2-2-2-2 Equipment Plan..................................................................................2-13
2-2-3 Outline Design Drawings ..................................................................................2-40
2-2-4 Implementation Plan..........................................................................................2-57
2-2-4-1 Implementation Policy.......................................................................2-57
2-2-4-2 Implementation Conditions ...............................................................2-59
2-2-4-3 Scope of Works..................................................................................2-60
2-2-4-4 Consultant Supervision......................................................................2-62
2-2-4-5 Quality Control ..................................................................................2-64
2-2-4-6 Procurement Plan...............................................................................2-68
2-2-4-7 Initial Operation and Maintenance Training Plan..............................2-72
2-2-4-8 Soft Component (Technical Assstance) Plan .....................................2-72
2-2-4-9 Implementation Schedule ..................................................................2-73
2-3 Obligation of Recipient Country...............................................................................2-75
- ii -
2-4 Project Operation Plan ..............................................................................................2-78
2-5 Project Cost Estimation.............................................................................................2-80
2-5-1 Initial Cost Estimation.......................................................................................2-80
2-5-2 Operation and Maintenance Cost ......................................................................2-81
Chapter 3 Project Evaluation.............................................................................................3-1
3-1 Preconditions...............................................................................................................3-1
3-2 Necessary Inputs by Recipient Country......................................................................3-2
3-3 Important Assumptions ...............................................................................................3-2
3-4 Project Evaluation.......................................................................................................3-3
3-4-1 Relevance ............................................................................................................3-3
3-4-2 Effectiveness .......................................................................................................3-6
[Appendices]
1. Member List of the Survey Team
2. Survey Schedule
3. List of Parties Concerned in the Recipient Country
4. Minutes of Discussions
4-1 Minutes of Discussions (signed on April 27, 2012)
4-2 Minutes of Discussions (signed on December 7, 2012)
4-3 Minutes of Discussions (signed on March 7, 2013)
5. Technical Notes
5-1 Technical Notes (for PHIVOLCS) (signed on May 18, 2012)
5-2 Technical Notes (for PHIVOLCS) (signed on December 7, 2012)
5-3 Technical Notes(for DPWH) (signed on May 18, 2012)
6. References
6-1 Areas with Security Issues
BBPS
SMPP
LUBP PVCP
ENPP
BATP
GUIM
BESP
PAGZ
MATI
BBP
PIP
SIPCVP
BCP
MPP
PCP
QVP (PHIVOLCS H.Q.)
TGY LQPGQP
PGP
PPR
MMP
RCPKAP
JAP LLP
TBPSNP
PLP
SCP
BIPCGPDCP
ZCPCTB
GSP
KCP DMP
Pinatubo
Buco
Mayon
Sorsogon (Bulusan)
Canlaon
Hibok-Hibok
LOCATION MAP(PHIVOLCS Realtime Earthquake Monitoring System)
Legend
Broadband Strong-Motion Seismometer(10 Unmaned Stations)
Strong-Motion Seismometer(30 Manned Stations)
Strong-Motion Seismometer (6 Volcano Observatories)Philippine Trench
East Luzon Trough
Man
ila T
renc
h
Sulu
-Neg
ros
Tren
ch
Cotabato Trench
0 100 200 300km N
Corregidor
Virac
Appari
San Fernando
Baler
Nasugbu
San Jose
Sipalay
Dumaguete
Zamboanga
Kalamansig
Saranggani
Mati
Tandag
Dapa
Borongan
PHIVOLCS H.Q.
Basco
Maricaban
Tacloban
LOCATION MAP(PHIVOLCS Realtime Tsunami Monitoring System)
Legend
Tsunami Monitoring Station(19 Sites)
PHIVOLCS HeadquatersPhilippine Trench
East Luzon Trough
Man
ila T
renc
h
Sulu
-Neg
ros
Tren
ch
Cotabato Trench
0 100 200 300km N
Legazpi
REGION VI(Western Visayas)
REGION X(Nortern Mindanao)
IloiloTacloban
Cagayan De Oro
Davao
San FernandoREGION III (Central Luzon)
Manila (DPWH H.Q.)
Cebu
REGION VII(Central Visayas)
REGION VIII(Eastern Visayas)
REGION XI(Davao Region)
REGION V (Bicol Region)
LOCATION MAP(DPWH Mobile Drainage Pump)
Legend
Mobile Drainage Pumps Allocation
Philippine Trench
East Luzon Trough
Man
ila T
renc
h
Sulu
-Neg
ros
Tren
ch
Cotabato Trench
0 100 200 300km N
DPWH H.Q.
DPWH Regional Office
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1 Requested Items from PHIVOLCS confirmed in the M/D--------------------- 1-2
Table 1-2 Requested Items from DPWH confirmed in the M/D--------------------------- 1-2
Table 2-1 Outline of the Project (PHIVOLCS) ---------------------------------------------- 2-3
Table 2-2 Outline of the Project (DPWH) ---------------------------------------------------- 2-3
Table 2-3 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for PHIVOLCS - 2-8
Table 2-4 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for DPWH ------- 2-9
Table 2-5 List of Equipment for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System------------ 2-14
Table 2-6 List of Equipment for Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System --------------- 2-26
Table 2-7 Results of Tsunami Site Survey – Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System - 2-29
Table 2-8 List of Equipment for Tsunami Simulation Database Development
Hardware ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-34
Table 2-9 List of Major Typhoons and Floods (From 2008 to 2012) -------------------- 2-36
Table 2-10 List of Equipment for Mobile Drainage Pump---------------------------------- 2-37
Table 2-11 Inland Flood Prone Cities / Municipalities -------------------------------------- 2-38
Table 2-12 Major Undertakings to be Borne by Each Government ----------------------- 2-60
Table 2-13 List of Sources of Equipment (PHIVOLCS) ------------------------------------ 2-69
Table 2-14 List of Sources of Equipment (DPWH)------------------------------------------ 3-70
Table 2-15 List of Sources of Materials (PHIVOLCS)-------------------------------------- 3-70
Table 2-16 Implementation Schedule (PHIVOLCS) ---------------------------------------- 3-73
Table 2-17 Implementation Schedule (DPWH) ---------------------------------------------- 3-73
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Satellite Communication Network Diagram
for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System ---------------------------------- 2-15
Figure 2-2 Earthquake Intensity Monitoring Network Diagram
for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System ---------------------------------- 2-15
Figure 2-3 Methods of Parameter Upgrading on Earthquake Intensity Meter ---------- 2-21
Figure 2-4 Satellite Communication Network Diagram
for Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System-------------------------------------- 2-30
Figure 2-5 Heights of Tsunami Waves reached to the Philippines since 1990 ----------- 2-32
Figure 2-6 Flooded Areas in Metro Manila and Neighboring Areas (2009 – 2012) ---- 2-39
Figure 2-7 Organizational Arrangements for the Project ----------------------------------- 2-57
ABBREVIATIONS
ARMM Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
ASTM American Society of Testing and Materials
B/A Banking Arrangement
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOST-ASTI Advanced Science and Technology Institute, Department of Science and Technology
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DRRM Act Republic Act No.10121 (Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and. Management Act)
E/N Exchange of Notes
FCSEC Flood Control and Sabo Engineering Center, DPWH
G/A Grant Agreement
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GTS Global Telecommunication System
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
JASS Japanese Architectural Standard Specification
JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency
JICS Japan International Cooperation System
JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
JST Japan Science and Technology Agency
M/D Minutes of Discussions
MMI Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
NDRRMC National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
NDRRMF The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework
NDRRMP The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NSCB National Statistics Coordination Board
NSO National Statistics Office
OCD Office of Civil Defense
PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
PEIS PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale
PGA Peak Ground Acceleration
PGV Peak Ground Velocity
PHIVOLCS Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
PNS Philippine National Standards
PPA Philippine Ports Authority
REDAS Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System
SATREPS Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development
SNAP The Strategic National Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction
SOEPD Seismological Observation and Earthquake Prediction Division, PHIVOLCS
T/N Technical Notes
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
WB World Bank
CHAPTER 1
BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1-1
Chapter 1 Background of the Project
1-1 Background and Outline of the Project
The countries, seriously affected by the Sumatra Earthquake and the Asian Tsunami in 2004,
are strategically addressing to improve their disaster management systems, including earthquake
monitoring and warning systems. In those countries, however, monitoring networks, data
analysis systems and warning systems for earthquake and tsunami are still under development.
Meanwhile, the Great East Japan Earthquake, occurred on 11th of March, 2011, resulted in
tremendous damages to Japan, and it reminded the international community of importance of
disaster prevention.
Since the Philippines is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is for Japan, volcanic and
seismic activities are brisk, and earthquake disasters occurred frequently. It is very essential to
improve capacity for disaster mitigation and disaster response, through strengthening the
earthquake and tsunami monitoring networks, for the country that is one of the
earthquake-prone countries with a number of faults and volcanos. In addition, improvement of
drainage measures is needed for the country, due to frequent occurrence of flooding resulting
from tsunami and typhoons. Under such backgrounds, the Government of Japan (GOJ) was
requested by the Government of the Philippines (GOP) to procure equipment for improvement
of disaster risk management.
JICA had conducted basic information collection and confirmation studies on disaster risk
management mainly in countries of the Asia and Pacific-rim regions, where there are high risks
of earthquake and tsunami, from the end of September to the middle of November, 2011,
towards future assistance in the disaster risk management sector. Considering the results of the
studies, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA) instructed JICA to conduct
“Preparatory Survey on the Project for Improvement of Equipment for Disaster Risk
Management” pursuant to “Basic Guidelines for Reconstruction in response to the Great East
Japan Earthquake (July 29, 2011, by Reconstruction Headquarters in response to the Great East
Japan Earthquake)” in order to formulate Japan’s Grant Aid projects to be implemented by the
fiscal 2011 third supplementary budget of GOJ.
In implementing the Project, equipment and materials are planned to be principally procured
from Japan and/or locally. Moreover, details of procurement conditions are discussed and
determined based on the said Basic Guidelines.
The following table shows the requested items confirmed in the Minutes of Discussions
(M/D) on April 27, 2012, through discussions with the two implementing agencies, namely
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) and the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH), as well as with the National Economic and Development
Authority (NEDA) as the responsible agency.
1-2
Table 1-1 Requested Items from PHIVOLCS confirmed in the M/D
Item Quantity Priority
1.Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
a. Broadband strong motion seismometers 10 A
b. Strong motion seismometers for replacement 36 A
c. Earthquake intensity meters (including for emergency replacement) 240 A
d. GPS continuous receivers 10 B
2.Tsunami Warning System
a. Sea-level monitoring system in tsunami-prone areas 20 A
b. Tsunami simulation database development hardware 1 cluster A
3.Integrated Real-time Volcano Monitoring (Bulusan Volcano)
a. Broadband seismometers (for monitoring of underground magma movement) 5 B
b. Infrasonic sensor (for detection and seize estimation of eruptions) 2 B
c. GPS receivers (for estimation of deformation and pressure source) 3 B
Priority A:High, B:Moderate
Table 1-2 Requested Items from DPWH confirmed in the M/D
Item Quantity Priority
1.Equipment for Emergency Response and Infrastructure Integrity Assessment
a-1. Heli-borne oblique photography system 2 B
a-2. Disaster data & information sharing system 1 lot B
a-3. Workshop on data process by Heli-borne oblique photography system 1 lot B
Pilot test on heli-borne oblique photography system in 6 sites (two each for Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao islands)
1 lot B
b. Bridge Inspection Vehicle 2 A
c. Non-destructive test equipment including operation and maintenance training
Concrete rebound hammer 3 A
Reinforced concrete detective radar 3 A
Infrared thermal imager 3 A
d. Multi-purpose versatile dredger 3 B
e. Mobile drainage pump including operation and maintenance training 6 A
Priority A:High, B:Moderate
1-2 Natural Conditions
The Republic of the Philippines (the Philippines) is an archipelago of islands, which is
located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, and it consists of more than 7,000 islands. Its total land
area is approx. 300,000 km2, and eleven major islands, such as Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Leyte
and Cebu, make up 96% of the total land area. The Philippines has thousands of faults, approx.
220 volcanos and over 30,000-km-long coast lines. Due to such geographical nature, the
country has been frequently affected by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis caused by
great earthquakes occurred in the Pacific Rim. And also, it is emphasized that most of
typhoons developed around Mariana Islands tend to reach the country.
The Philippines has a monsoon climate on the west coast and a tropical rainforest climate on
the east coast, with high temperature and humidity all year long. Excluding the alpine region
1-3
with an altitude above 1500m, the temperature does not change greatly throughout the year; an
average temperature of 26.6°C, mean maximum temperature of 28.3°C (May), and mean
minimum temperature of 25.5°C (January). And, monthly mean humidity is between 71%
(March) and 85% (September). Precipitations are different from place to place; annual rainfall
varies from less than 1,000 mm to more than 4,000 mm, since it is due to geological conditions,
monsoon, route of typhoon etc.
1-3 Environmental and Social Considerations
There will be no significant negative impact on the natural environment or social issues, since
the equipment for PHIVOLCS are to be installed, with very small scale construction works, in
developed areas such as the existing seismic monitoring stations and the port areas, and since
the equipment for DPWH are items that will be carried in vehicles. An equipment plan shall
be prepared in compliance with the legislations related to building codes and standards,
regulations for communication, diesel control and other environmental restrictions.
CHAPTER 2
CONTENTS OF THE PROJECT
2-1
Chapter 2 Contents of the Project
2-1 Basic Concept of the Project
2-1-1 Overall Goal and Project Objective
In accordance with the “Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016”, which was implemented
in May 2011, the government of the Republic of the Philippines (GOP) has set a major policy to
strengthen disaster risk reduction at both national and local levels.
In the field of disaster risk management, the “Republic Act No.10121” was enacted in 2010
in order to reduce disaster risk, “The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Framework (NDRRMF)” and “The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan
(NDRRMP) 2011-2028” were established in June and December 2011, respectively.
NDRMMP covers four thematic areas, namely "Disaster Prevention & Mitigation", "Disaster
Preparedness", "Disaster Response" and "Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery" together with
goals, objectives, outputs and activities of the thematic areas.
This Project is to address the following goals and objectives of NDRRMP; “Enhanced
Monitoring, Forecasting and Hazard Warning” and “Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery”, in
order to contribute to mitigating human suffering from disasters.
Under such GOP’s policies and strategies, this Project is aiming at (1) improving the
earthquake and tsunami monitoring capacity of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) towards use of accurate earthquake / tsunami information by the
departments and agencies related to disaster risk management, and (2) contributing to smooth
implementation of post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction by the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH).
2-1-2 Outline of the Project
An outline of the Project is described below.
(1) PHIVOLCS
For the improvement of earthquake and tsunami monitoring capacity of PHIVOLCS, a
real-time earthquake monitoring system, a real-time tsunami monitoring system, and a tsunami
simulation database development hardware will be equipped.
As for earthquake monitoring, Japan has provided continuous assistance for PHIVOLCS to
enhance its earthquake and volcano monitoring capacity. In this Project, considering the
situation that the time for some of the earthquake monitoring equipment to be renewed has
come, as well as challenges and lessons learnt from the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake and
the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the earthquake monitoring network of PHIVOLCS is to
2-2
be extended and to be made real-time. Specifically, broadband strong motion seismometers,
strong motion seismometers, and earthquake intensity meters will be procured. In addition,
necessary equipment and software for real-time earthquake information transmission and for
connection with the existing earthquake information system of PHIVOLCS- the earthquake
analysis and monitoring system of the headquarters- will be supplied
Through the procurement, earthquake analysis, magnitude calculation, and nationwide
mapping of intensity scale will become possible with high accuracy. Moreover, by swiftly
transmitting this earthquake-related information to each organization concerned with disaster
management, it is expected to be utilized effectively for transmission of adequate warnings,
disaster prevention and mitigation, damage estimate and disaster control.
Regarding tsunami monitoring, no tsunami monitoring network has been established yet in
the Philippines. Thus, the real-time tsunami monitoring system to be installed by this Project
will be the first nationwide one in this country. Tsunami wave detectors and tsunami data
transmission stations will be equipped as well as a tsunami information system- a data receiving
center at PHIVOLCS headquarters. Moreover, towards accurate and swift warnings
concerning tsunami, it is indispensable to build up a database that accommodates tsunami
simulation results of each case, which is assumed to happen around this country. Thus, a PC
Cluster that has necessary capability to do tsunami simulation calculations under various
conditions will be procured.
Currently, if an earthquake with a high enough intensity which is assumed to cause a risk of
generating a tsunami occurs, the necessity of evacuation, the areas where evacuation is required,
and the evacuation levels are judged based on limited information, such as epicenters and
magnitudes. However, by introducing the aforementioned tsunami monitoring equipment,
real-time tsunami monitoring will be made possible. Moreover, the establishment of a tsunami
database is also expected to be promoted and consequently comprehensive tsunami measures
can be realized in line with the results of earthquake analysis with high accuracy, which can be
obtained through the extension of the earthquake monitoring network. Therefore, more highly
accurate and quicker warnings than heretofore is brought to reality. Furthermore, it can be
expected that the assistance of the Project on tsunami monitoring to be adapted in the future will
lead to the establishment of a tsunami forecasting and warning system.
The components for PHIVOLCS are shown below in Table 2-1.
2-3
Table 2-1 Outline of the Project (PHIVOLCS)
Type of Equipment/System Expected Outcome Input
1. Real-Time Earthquake Monitoring System
Enhance Real-Time Earthquake Monitoring Network and Improve Precision of Analysis
Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer:10 Stations (Connect Existing Satellite Communication Network)
Strong Motion Seismometer:36 Stations(including Construction of New Satellite Communication Network)
Earthquake Intensity Meter : 240 Sets (including for Emergency Replacement)
Other Necessary Equipment/ Software to connect Existing System
2. Real-Time Tsunami Monitoring System
Establish Real-Time Tsunami Monitoring System and be able to collect Tsunami Information
Tsunami Wave Detector and Data Transmission Station: 19 Stations
Other Necessary Equipment/ Software to construct Real-Time Tsunami Monitoring System
3. Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
Enhance Tsunami Database and Improve Analytical Capacity
A PC Cluster
(2) DPWH
In order to strengthen DPWH’s capacity for disaster rehabilitation and recovery, mobile
drainage pumps will be provided by the Project.
After the Great East Japan Earthquake, it was still new in our mind that water drainage was
one of the great challenges in the tsunami affected areas, and the usefulness of mobile drainage
pumps was recognized anew. Since tsunami risk is high and floods are frequent in the
Philippines, it is expected that provision of mobile drainage pumps will help for efficient flood
disaster response and immediate rehabilitation and recovery in the flood affected areas.
Table 2-2 Outline of the Project (DPWH)
Item Expected Outcomes Input
4. Mobile Drainage Pumps Capacity of flood disaster response will be strengthened, and the contribution to immediate rehabilitation and recovery in the flood affected areas will be enhanced.
Mobile Drainage Pumps : 8 units
2-4
2-2 Outline Design of the Japanese Assistance
2-2-1 Design Policy
2-2-1-1 Basic Policies
(1) Principles
JICA had conducted basic information collection and confirmation studies on disaster risk
management mainly in countries of the Asia and Pacific-rim regions, where there are high risks
of earthquake and tsunami, from the end of September to the middle of November, 2011,
towards future assistance in the disaster risk management sector. Considering the results of the
studies, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA) instructed JICA to conduct
“Preparatory Surveys on the Project for Improvement of Equipment for Disaster Risk
Management” (hereinafter referred to as “the survey”) pursuant to “Basic Guidelines for
Reconstruction in response to the Great East Japan Earthquake (July 29, 2011, by
Reconstruction Headquarters in response to the Great East Japan Earthquake)” in order to
formulate Japan’s Grant Aid projects to be implemented by the fiscal 2011 third supplementary
budget of the government of Japan (GOJ).
In implementing the Project, equipment and materials are planned to be principally procured
from Japan and/or locally. Moreover, details of procurement conditions are discussed and
determined based on the said Basic Guidelines.
(2) Scope of the Project
During the field survey, discussions on the requested items, reasons and priorities were
undertaken, and the background of the request was confirmed through the survey on the existing
equipment. After the survey, further studies and analyses were made in Japan, based on the
above-mentioned basic policies, to determine the equipment specifications and quantities.
Since the Exchange of Notes (E/N) of this Project has been signed already, it was required to
determine the scope of the Project to make it within the grant shown in the E/N.
Details of each equipment component determined through discussions with the Implementing
Agencies, the field survey, study and analysis, are described in “2-2-2 Basic Plan (Equipment
Plan)” hereinafter.
2-2-1-2 Policy towards Natural Conditions
The Philippines has a monsoon climate on the west coast and a tropical rainforest climate on
the east coast, with high temperature and humidity all year long. Excluding the alpine region
with an altitude above 1500m, the temperature does not change greatly throughout the year; an
average temperature of 26.6°C, mean maximum temperature of 28.3°C (May), and mean
minimum temperature of 25.5°C (January). And, monthly mean humidity is between 71%
2-5
(March) and 85% (September). Precipitations are different from place to place; annual rainfall
varies from less than 1,000 mm to more than 4,000 mm, since it is due to geological conditions,
monsoon, route of typhoon etc.
Designs will be made as specified in consideration of the various tropical climate specific
conditions, such as high temperature and high humidity, pluvial storms, and lightning strike,
since target sites of this project are scattered nationwide in the Philippines.
Especially, regarding the measures to protect PHIVOLCS’s equipment from lightning strike,
PHIVOLCS requested the Japanese side to adopt circuit interception by lightning arresters
instead of installing lightning rods, since they experienced in the past that their equipment was
struck by lightning through the lightning rods. The Japanese side will plan the measures
considering their requests.
Furthermore, concerning tsunami wave detectors, measures to prevent chloride damage will
be taken, in addition to making designs by assumed heights of tsunami wave and assumed
tsunami wave load.
2-2-1-3 Policy towards Socio-economic Conditions
In order to minimize the financial burden on the Implementing Agencies (PHIVOLCS,
DPWH), the equipment plan is designed with consideration to the least practical operation and
maintenance costs. And, considerations are made on protection from theft.
Moreover, the equipment deployment plan is made together with considerations of three
major regions; Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.
2-2-1-4 Policy towards Local Procurement Conditions and Commercial Practice
Among the equipment that is planned to be installed in this Project, the earthquake and
tsunami monitoring equipment, such as sensors, and data transmission equipment contain
products that are defined under Japan’s Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act as goods or
technologies that are subject to regulation. When the products are exported from Japan, due
formalities need to be followed to obtain permission for export based on the Act. The
procurement of the aforementioned equipment will not be any problem after obtaining
permission for export. However, in formulating the operation plan, the necessary time periods
for the aforementioned formalities to obtain export permission and other required export
procedures need to be taken into account.
2-2-1-5 Policy towards Employing Local Contractors and Consultants
As described above, the equipment covered by the Project is to be basically manufactured in
and procured from Japan, while small scale construction works for foundation and fence works
will be carried out by local contractors. Unpacking, delivery, assembling and installation will
be conducted by local workers under Japanese engineers’ instructions.
2-6
2-2-1-6 Policy towards Operation and Maintenance
Since the Implementing Agencies (PHIVOLCS and DPWH) are operating similar equipment
and systems, they have organizational abilities on operation and maintenance even for the new
equipment and systems covered by the Project, and the financial status of each Implementing
Agency is sound. Thus, each agency is deemed to have capability for operation and
maintenance of the new equipment procured by the Project.
Regarding the assistance for PHIVOLCS, after the installation of the real-time earthquake
and tsunami monitoring systems, instruction regarding initial operation is planned to be given
on operation methods and maintenance and inspection methods by engineers of the
manufacturers. Furthermore, no a soft component (technical assistance) is judged to be
required, since the existing earthquake monitoring systems have been operated and maintained
at a high level by PHIVOLCS staff that have obtained advanced technical skills.
As for DPWH, operation and maintenance training for the mobile drainage pumps will be
conducted by the Supplier, while a soft component is not included in the Project since special
skills and knowledge are not required for operation and maintenance of mobile drainage pumps.
2-2-1-7 Policy towards Grades for Equipment
Grade and specifications of the equipment to be provided by the Project are to meet with
Japan’s and/or international standards. Equipment which has been developed based on lessons
leant from the Great East Japan Earthquake and state-of-art technology in Japan will be
procured as much as practical.
2-2-1-8 Policy towards Method of Procurement and Project Implementation Period
The Procurement Agency (Japan International Cooperation System: JICS) will conduct the
procurement services for the Project on behalf of the Implementing Agencies, and the
equipment will be procured through open competitive tender(s).
As described above, this Project has two Implementing Agencies (PHIVOLCS and DPWH).
Since the types of equipment and required procurement time period for PHIVOLCS and DPWH
are quite different, two separate tender packages will be conducted.
This Project aims at disaster prevention and disaster risk mitigation with urgent needs. It is
essential to procure such equipment as soon as possible in order to contribute to improvement of
disaster prevention and disaster risk mitigation. Therefore, it is decided to conduct
procurement of the DPWH package first, while detailed and technical studies for the
PHIVOLCS package are carefully carried out.
The expected implementation schedules are shown in “Table 2-16 Implementation Schedule
(PHIVOLCS)” and “Table 2-17 Implementation Schedule (DPWH)” hereinafter.
2-7
2-2-2 Basic Plan(Equipment Plan)
2-2-2-1 Principles
This Project is aiming at (1) improving the earthquake and tsunami monitoring capacity of
PHIVOLCS towards use of accurate earthquake / tsunami information by the departments and
agencies related to disaster risk management, and (2) contributing to DPWH’s smooth
post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction activities.
To attain the above-mentioned project goals, discussions with the Implementing Agencies,
the field survey and technical study / analysis were properly conducted. Since the E/N of this
Project has been signed already, it was required to determine the scope of the Project to make fit
it within the grant shown in the E/N.
The following table shows a comparison of the requested items confirmed in the Minutes of
Discussions (M/D) and the Project components determined through discussions with the
Philippine side, the field survey and technical study and analysis.
2-8
Table 2-3 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for PHIVOLCS
Requested Items Project Components Item Qty. Pri*. Item Qty.
Notes
1.Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
1.Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
a. Broadband Strong Motion Seismometers
10 A 1-1 Broadband Strong Motion Seismometers
10 No change
b. Strong Motion Seismometers for replacement
36 A 1-2 Strong Motion Seismometers (for replacement)
36 No change
c. Earthquake Intensity Meters (incl. for emergency replacement)
240 A 1-3 Earthquake Intensity Meters (incl. for emergency replacement)
240 No change
d. GPS Continuous Receivers 10 B At experimental stage even in Japan
1-4 Earthquake Data Acquisition Software
2 Necessary for connection with the existing system
1-5 Earthquake Information System 1 Necessary for establishment of earthquake intensity monitoring system
1-6 Satellite Communication Equipment for PHIVOLCS H.Q.
1 Necessary for data receiving
2.Tsunami Warning System a. Sea-level Monitoring System in
Tsunami-prone Area 20 A 2. Real-time Tsunami Monitoring
System
2-1 Tsunami Wave Detectors 19 2-2 Data Transmission Stations 19
As a result of Site Survey
2-3 Tsunami Information System 1 Necessary for establishment of tsunami monitoring system
b. Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
1 A 3. Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
1 No change
3.Real-time Volcano Monitoring (Bulsan Volcano)
a. Broadband Seismometers (for monitoring underground magma movement)
5 B
b. Infrasonic Sensor (for detection and size estimation of eruptions)
2 B
c. GPS Receivers (for estimation of deformation and pressure source)
3 B
Due to the limitation of the budget, it is judged that the equipment for earthquake and tsunami monitoring have higher priority than volcano monitoring.
* Priority A:High, B:Moderate
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Table 2-4 Comparison of Requested Items and Project Components for DPWH
Requested Items Project Components Item Qty. Pri*. Item Qty.
Notes
1.Equipment for Emergency Response and Infrastructure Integrity Assessment
a-1. Heli-borne Oblique Photography System
2 B
a-2. Disaster Data & Information Sharing System
1 B
a-3. Workshop on Data Process by Heli-borne Oblique Photo System
1 B
Pilot Test Heli-borne Oblique Photography System in 6 Sites
1 B
Regardless of the effectiveness to grasp disaster situations, it is deemed difficult to include this item into the Project due to the high price and necessity of long-term technical assistance.
b. Bridge Inspection Vehicle 2 A Products that meet with the Project’s special consideration regarding procurement from the affected area of Great East Japan Earthquake could not be confirmed for this item.
c. Non-destructive Test Equipment incl. Operation and Maintenance Training
Concrete Rebound Hammer 3 A Reinforced Concrete Detective Radar
3 A
Infrared Thermal Imager 3 A
This item is included in the Japan’s loan project started in 2012.
d. Multi-purpose Versatile Dredger 3 B Requested item is not manufactured in Japan.
e. Mobile Drainage Pump incl. Operation and Maintenance Training
6 A 1. Mobile Drainage Pump 8 This item meets with the Project’s special considerations, and quantities of this item are increased since urgent necessity is recognized.
* Priority A:High, B:Moderate
As mentioned above, equipment and materials are planned to be principally procured from
Japan and/or locally. Moreover, details of procurement conditions are discussed and
determined based on the said Basic Guidelines. Thus, the equipment plan for the Project is
decided through technical studies in line with this basic policy.
The major changes from the initially requested items are as follows.
2-10
(1) PHIVOLCS Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
The expansion of PHIVOLCS’s earthquake monitoring network will contribute not only to
the improvement in accuracy of earthquake monitoring, but also to the swift transmission of
more effective information and warnings for disaster management. In this regard, the
expansion will be done as the first priority. On the other hand, GPS continuous receiver for
land deformation monitoring will not be provided by the Project, because the introduction of the
devices is still in experimental phases even in Japan.
In addition, the equipment for earthquake information systems to the two mirror centers,
Tagaytay and Davao, will be excluded in the Project due to the limitation of the project budget.
(2) PHIVOLCS Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System
In the initial request, the number of the target sites was 20. However, since studies on
current situations of the target sites conducted during the field survey revealed that an
appropriate area for the installation of the equipment could not be secured in one of the target
sites, 19 sites have determined to be considered as targets. The details of the site selection are
mentioned below in Section 2-2-2, “Equipment Plan (2) PHIVOLCS Real-time Tsunami
Monitoring System”.
As is the case of the equipment for earthquake information systems, the equipment for
tsunami information systems will not be installed in the two mirror centers.
(3) PHIVOLCS Real-time Volcano Monitoring System (Bulsan Volcano)
Initially, the equipment, such as broadband seismometers and ultrasonic sensors that have
been installed in Taal Volcano (Buco earthquake and volcano monitoring station) and in Mayon
Volcano (Mayon earthquake and volcano monitoring station), was requested to be set in
Bulusan Volcano (Sorsogon earthquake and volcano monitoring station). However, it is
judged that the equipment for earthquake and tsunami monitoring have higher priority than
volcano monitoring. This judgment was confirmed in the M/D through the discussions in
Philippines. Due to the budget limitation, this equipment will not be included in the Project.
(4) DPWH Heli-borne Oblique Photography System and Other Relevant
Sub-components
This photography system is not only to take photos from a helicopter but also to identify the
exact location (coordinates) even though photos are captured from angled positions. Thus, this
is very effective to grasp the exact location of the affected area together with damage situations,
and rapid disaster response can be implemented if the system is introduced. On the other hand,
this item is quite costly and long-term technical assistance is required for proper operation.
Based on comprehensive discussions, it is deemed to be very unfortunate but difficult to procure
such item by this Project under the grant aid scheme.
2-11
(5) DPWH Bridge Inspection Vehicle
The major transportation means in the Philippines is by road. However, it is a concern that
the approx. 8,000 bridges in the whole country might be bottlenecks to road transportation when
disasters occur. Most of the bridges were constructed 30-40 years ago, and structural
inspections and maintenance of bridges are big challenges, while DPWH is trying to improve its
capacity for bridge inspection and maintenance. Currently, DPWH has two bridge inspection
vehicles, which were procured by JICA’s technical cooperation project “Improvement of
Quality Management for Highway and Bridge Construction and Maintenance Phase I
(hereinafter referred to as “TCP-I”)” and by the World Bank. The existing two bridge
inspection vehicles are well operated and maintained by the responsible DPWH Regional
Offices, which are the pilot regions of TCP-I and TCP-II (Phase II of the said technical
cooperation project), through training towards strengthening the capacity for bridge
maintenance.
However, unfortunately, as shown in Table 2-4, no concrete conclusion on the possibility of
products / parts manufactured in the affected area of the Great East Japan Earthquake could be
confirmed during the Preparatory Survey. Thus, based on the instruction from the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of Japan, it was determined to exclude this item from the Project.
(6) DPWH Non-destructive Test Equipment
As described above, DPWH is trying to improve its capacity for road / bridge maintenance.
TCP-I has procured non-destructive test equipment (including concrete rebound hammer,
reinforced concrete detective radar, and infrared imager) for its three pilot regions, and TCP-I
and TCP-II did/will carry out training and prepare bridge maintenance manuals. The request
for this item for this Project was made for the other regions that were not covered by TCP-I
and/or II.
However, it was confirmed that the request was a duplicate of Japan’s loan project “Road
Upgrading and Preservation Project (RUPP), Asset Preservation Contract (APC) Component
and Preventive Maintenance (PM) Component”, which is supposed to be implemented from
2012 and will cover procurement of non-destructive test equipment for all other thirteen regions
besides the three regions already covered by TCP-I and II. Therefore, it was determined to
exclude this item from the Project.
(3) DPWH Mobile Drainage Pumps
The original request from DPWH was for six (6) mobile drainage pumps with drainage
capacity of 10 m3/ min. for two regions each from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.
After the Great East Japan Earthquake, it was still new in our mind that water drainage was a
great challenge in the tsunami affected areas, and usefulness of mobile drainage pumps was
recognized anew. Moreover, similar equipment accomplished great results for a severe flood
2-12
disaster in Thailand in 2011. Since tsunami risk is high and floods are frequent in the
Philippines, it is expected that provision of mobile drainage pumps will help for efficient flood
disaster response and immediate rehabilitation and recovery in the flood affected areas.
As described in “2-2-2-2 Equipment Plan (4) Mobile Drainage Pump” hereinafter, flood
disasters caused by tsunami, typhoons and heavy rains affect areas all over the Philippines.
Towards rapid rehabilitation and recovery after flood disasters, it is essential to introduce
mobile drainage pumps which can work for spot inundation of roads and/or low lying areas, as
well as improvement of the existing drainage pumps that are set as infrastructure will aid in
rapid rehabilitation and recovery as well.
Under this background, urgent need of mobile drainage pumps is confirmed. Furthermore,
the necessity of additional pumps is recognized after a series of floods occurred in July, August
and December 2012. After careful examination of the Project cost estimation, together with
considerations regarding the grant described in the E/N and balance of packages for the both
Implementing Agencies, it was determined to include eight mobile drainage pumps to be
provided by the Project.
2-13
2-2-2-2 Equipment Plan
Details of the equipment plan of this Project are mentioned below.
(1) PHIVOLCS Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
Improvement in the accuracy of data processing and analysis in PHIVOLCS headquarters
will be made possible by acquiring earthquake and intensity information with the broadband
strong motion seismometers, strong motion seismometers and earthquake intensity meters that
will be installed in each target site and by transmitting the information in real time to the
headquarters through satellite communication channels or the internet.
2-14
Table 2-5 List of Equipment for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
Item Major Specification Purpose of Use Project Site
1-1 Set of Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer (10 sets)
Broadband Strong
Motion
Seismometer
・ Symmetric triaxial component Servo-type velocity
meter (velocity-type strong motion seismometer)
・ Frequency response: 0.01~70Hz or above
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±2m/s (Not less
than ±200Kine)
・ Dynamic Range: Not less than 145dB
Digitizer ・ Nanometrics Trident Digitizer
・ 3 Channels
・ 24bit A/D conversion、ΔΣmodulation
・ NMXP data format (Nanometrics standard)
・ NMX/UDP (Nanometrics standard transmission
system)
・ Time correction by GPS
Power Source ・ Solar Panel, Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arresters), Cut off Switch, etc.
Scales of giant
earthquakes will be
accurately
estimated with
broadband strong
motion
seismometers that
can work even for
giant earthquakes,
and the information
acquired by the
equipment will be
utilized to forecast
earthquake
damages and
tsunami.
10 Unmanned Stations
①BATP
②BBPS
③BESP
④ENPP
⑤GUIM
⑥LUBP
⑦MATI
⑧PAGZ
⑨PVCP
⑩SMPP
1-2 Set of Strong Motion Seismometer (36 sets)
Strong Motion
Seismometer
(Sensor)
・ Symmetric triaxial component Servo-type
accelerometer
・ Not less than 24bit A/D conversion、ΔΣmodulation
・ Sampling Frequency: Not less than 100Hz
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±3,000gal
Digitizer
(Processor)
・ Computed data: PEIS (PHIVOLCS earthquake
intensity scale), maximum acceleration, maximum
velocity、peak acceleration cycle, seismic intensity
(SI) scale, dominant frequency during each 10
seconds including maximum acceleration, Time of
earthquake detection
・ Based on SEED format
・ Based on SeedLink protocol
・ Time correction by GPS, error range: less than
10msec
・ Monitor output: instrumental seismic intensity,
maximum acceleration, maximum speed, Time of
earthquake detection
30 Manned Stations
6 Earthquake and Volcano
Stations
36 Stations in total
①JAP ②BBP ③BCP ④BIP
⑤CGP ⑥CTB ⑦CVP ⑧DCP
⑨DMP ⑩GQP ⑪GSP ⑫KAP
⑬KCP ⑭LLP ⑮LQP ⑯MMP
⑰MPP ⑱PCP ⑲PGP ⑳PIP
㉑PLP ㉒PPR ㉓QVP ㉔RCP
㉕SCP ㉖SIP ㉗SNP ㉘TBP
㉙TGY ㉚ZCP
㉛Pinatubo ㉜Buco ㉝Mayon
㉞Sorsogon ㉟Canlaon
㊱Hibok-Hibok
Power Source ・ Solar Panel、Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arresters), Cut off Switch, etc.
35 stations except HQ (QVP)
which used City Power
Satellite
Communication
System
・ IPSTAR satellite communication equipment
(antenna、modem)
・ ABS satellite communication equipment (antenna、
modem)
The existing strong
motion
seismometers that
are up for renewal
will be renewed,
telemetry will be
established through
satellite
communication
systems, and a
real-time
monitoring network
for seismic wave
form and seismic
intensity will be
built.
32 Stations which do not have
Satellite Communication System
(29 Stations for IP Star, 3 Stations
for ABS)
1-3 Earthquake Intensity
Meter (240 sets)
・ Symmetric triaxial component acceleration sensor
・ Measurement Range: Not less than ±1,500gal,
Noise: less than 0.1gal
・ Time correction by NTP
・ Computed data: PEIS (PHIVOLCS earthquake
intensity scale)
A network for
seismic intensity
will be established,
and it will be
utilized for disaster
response.
240 Locations in Nationwide
(To be installed at Local
Government Office, Potable Base
Station, etc.)
1-4 Earthquake
Acquisition Software (2
sets)
・ Nanometrics (Canada) Apollo Server
・ PC Workstation
・ UPS
The software will
be utilized for the
connection with the
existing systems.
PHIVOLCS HQ
1-5 Earthquake
Information System (1 set)
・ Server for seismic intensity indication (redundant
configuration)
・ Software for seismic intensity information displays
・ UPS, large-size monitor, KVM, rack, and etc.
Seismic intensity
data will be
acquired and stored,
and the data will be
indicated on maps.
PHIVOLCS HQ
1-6 Equipment for
Satellite Communication
System in HQ (1 set)
・ IPSTAR satellite communication equipment
(antenna、modem)
・ Nanometrics (Canada) Carina Hub
Monitoring data
transmitted through
satellite systems
will be received.
PHIVOLCS HQ
2-15
Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer (Unmanned Station x 10)
Strong Motion Seismometer (Manned Station x 3 out of
IP-Star Coverage Area)
Strong Motion Seismometer (Manned Station x 27
Volcano Observatory x 6 within IP-Star Coverage Area)
VSAT Modem
Digitizer
Digitizer
Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer
Broadband Seismometer
VSAT Antenna
VSAT Modem
DigitizerStrong Motion Seismometer
VSATAntenna
Digitizer
Satellite (ABS-8)
Satellite (IP-Star)
VSAT Hub (Carina Hub to be added)
VSAT Modem (IP-Star)
Apollo Server
Earthquake Info System
(Intensity Mapping)
Waveform Data(NMX)
Waveform Data(Seedlink)
Intensity Data
VSAT Antenna
VSAT Antenna(IP-Star)
Solar Power System
Solar Power System
Solar Power System
New VSAT System ABS TDMA(Libra II)
VSAT HubA hub for TDMA Libra II is to be procured by the Project. (Splitter / Combiner for Libra II is to be procured by PHIVOLCS)
PHIVOLCS H.Q.
Existing VSAT SystemABS TDMA( Libra)
Seiscomp 3
VSAT Modem(※)
Strong Motion Seismometer
VSAT Antenna (※)
※ This Project will procure and install VSAT equipment for 29 sites, besides three Volcano Observatories where VSAT equipment are available and PHIVOLCS H.Q. where VSAT equipment for sending is not required.
<Legend>
Blue:Equipment / System to be covered by the Project Gray:Existing Equipment / System
Figure 2-1 Satellite Communication Network Diagram
for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
SATREPS Intensity Meter
Intensity Meter
Strong Motion Seismometer
Every 10secUDP, XML
Receiver Database VisualizationSophisticated
Intensity Information
Server
Every 10secUDP, XML
Intensity & Waveform
TCPJMA ProtocolJMA format
Data AcquisitionFunction
Data AcquisitionFunction Intensity Info
Database(MySQL)
Visualization (Simple and Static)
Figure 2-2 Earthquake Intensity Monitoring Network Diagram for Real-time Earthquake Monitoring System
Equipment / System to be covered by the Project
Equipment / System to be covered by PHIVOLCS and SATREPS
2-16
Each component of the equipment that comprises the real-time earthquake monitoring system
is mentioned below.
1) Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer
In 10 out of the 31 existing unmanned seismic stations, broadband seismometers and
strong motion seismometers have been installed by “Enhancement of Earthquake and
Volcano Monitoring and Effective Utilization of Disaster Mitigation Information in the
Philippines” being implemented as a project of the Science and Technology Research
Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) through collaboration between two
Japanese government agencies: the Japan Science and Technology Agency and the Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JST-JICA). The seismometers have been utilized for
long-period motion monitoring, identification of seismic center, and calculation of
magnitudes. However, it has been pointed out that broadband seismometers go off scale
when a giant earthquake, such as the Great East Japan Earthquake, occurs. Currently,
installation of broadband strong motion seismometers that can monitor giant earthquakes is
an urgent need in Japan. In the Philippines, considering the lessons learnt out of the
experience of the Great East Japan Earthquake, broadband strong motion seismometers will
be set in the 10 unmanned seismic stations where broadband seismometers have already
been installed.
At such 10 unmanned seismic stations, concrete foundations for earthquake monitoring
equipment have been constructed through Japan’s grant aid or other assistance in the past.
Therefore, the broadband strong motion seismometers will be installed onto the existing
foundations.
a. Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer and Digitizer
Regarding broadband strong motion seismometers, it has been confirmed that products
which meet the required specifications are manufactured in the affected area of the Great
East Japan Earthquake.
On the other hand, digitizers are required to be electric power saving types due to
restrictions in land conditions that are mentioned below. Moreover, it is also necessary to
consider past records of digitizer’s connections with the existing earthquake monitoring
systems that are established mainly with the products of Nanometrics Inc. (Canada).
Considering these 2 points together, technical discussions were made with PHIVOLCS, it
concluded that the specified model of digitizer manufactured by Nanometrics Inc. is to be
procured.
b. Satellite Communication System
All the unmanned seismic stations have been equipped with satellite communication
system, and the monitoring data are transmitted in real time to PHIVOLCS headquarters
2-17
and the mirror centers. Even for the broadband strong motion seismometers to be
installed by the Project, the existing satellite communication system will be utilized (See
Figure 2-1).
If a broadband strong motion seismometer co-exists with the existing strong motion
seismometer, there will be risks that the number of the devices will exceed the number
which can be serviced by the current satellite communication system. Considering the
fact that broadband strong motion seismometer can cover the function of strong motion
seismometer as well as the communication expenses borne by PHIVOLCS, it is decided
that the existing strong motion seismometer will be replaced by a broadband strong motion
seismometer.
c. Power Supply System
In the unmanned seismic stations that will be the target sites for the installation of
broadband strong motion seismometers, electricity is supplied through independent power
systems using solar power generation. The necessary electricity for the equipment
installed by this Project is planned to be provided by locating additional solar panels, and
the equipment will not be connected with the power sources for the existing facilities.
The capacities of the solar panels and batteries have been decided to be the ones that enable
electricity to be supplied for up to 3 days without any sunlight.
The solar panels are to be installed on the foundations and frames newly provided.
Special anti-theft type bolts, nuts and screws will be applied for a certain number of joints
between foundation and frame and between frame and panel.
While the shapes of the compounds of unmanned seismic stations differ site by site, the
compounds are narrow and surrounded with approximately 5 to 6 meters square large
fences. Besides, the space for installing new equipment outside is limited, since
earthquake monitoring equipment has already been located in the available area. Thus,
for certain stations that do not have sufficient space to set additional solar panels,
PHIVOLCS will acquire necessary land or retain the right for land use.
2) Strong Motion Seismometer
PHIVOLCS has 30 manned seismic stations and 6 volcano observatories besides the
above-mentioned 31 unmanned seismic stations. Among all the 36 manned stations, the
29 seismic stations and the 6 volcano observatories have been equipped with strong motion
seismometers through Japan’s grant aid projects. However, more than 10 years have
passed since the provision of the equipment, and thus they are up for renewal. In addition,
the existing equipment does not have real-time telemetering system. Therefore, new
strong motion seismometers will be installed for replacement at all the 36 manned stations,
2-18
and satellite communication system for strong motion seismometers will be newly
established.
All sites for strong motion seismometers are the existing stations where the concrete
foundations for seismometers are available. Thus, these existing foundations will be
utilized to install the new strong motion seismometers.
a. Strong Motion Seismometer (Sensor) and Digitizer (Processor)
Regarding strong motion seismometers (sensor), it has been confirmed that products
which meet the required specifications are manufactured in Japan and that the products can
be procured as the ones manufactured by including the parts made in the affected area of
the Great East Japan Earthquake. As is the case of the Japan Meteorological Agency
(hereinafter referred to as “JMA”), the strong motion seismometers procured by this Project
will be the ones called JMA type seismometers, which have functions of calculating
seismic intensity as well as acceleration waveform data. The strong motion seismometers
are required to show seismic intensity on the monitors at the stations and also to transmit
the information to PHIVOLCS headquarters.
As for the digitizers (processor), products made in Japan have the functions of
transmitting seismic intensity data. However, regarding the transmission of acceleration
waveform data, Japan’s one-of-a-kind formats, such as WIN formats and/or WIN32
formats, are generally adopted. It is essential to consider the Japan-made digitizer’s
connectivity with the existing systems that mainly consist of the products manufactured by
Nanometrics Inc. As a result of hearing surveys to manufacturers of Japan-made
digitizers, it has been confirmed that Seed formats, which are widely used around the world
and are able to exchange data with the systems of Nanometrics, can solve the issue of the
connectivity. Thus, Japan-made digitizers with additional functions corresponding to
Seed format will be procured by the Project.
b. Satellite Communication Systems
As shown in Figure 2-1, additional satellite communication equipment for data
transmission is not required in the 4 manned stations, because the seismic station in
PHIVOLCS headquarters transmits data through LAN, and because the 3 volcano
observatories at Buco, Mayon, and Canlaon have already been equipped with satellite
communication systems. Satellite communication equipment will be installed in the 32
manned stations, excluding the aforementioned 4 stations, for establishment of real-time
monitoring networks with strong motion seismometers. Currently, PHIVOLCS is using 2
kinds of satellite communication services, namely ABS and IP-Star. Considering the
burden of operation and maintenance costs that will be borne by PHIVOLCS, IP-Star,
which is relatively reasonable in communication costs and whose communication capacity
is relatively sufficient within the scope of the existing contract, will be basically adopted.
2-19
However, since IP-Star does not cover some areas in the Philippines, ABS will be adopted
in the areas that are out of the IP-Star-service-coverage areas. Moreover, because
Nanometrics Libra used for ABS has become out of date due to model change of the
product, and because procurement of the spare parts for the model is getting difficult, the
succeeding model, Libra II, will be adopted. The receiving equipment and systems that
are necessary for each satellite communication network will be mentioned below in Section
2-2-2, “5) Earthquake Information Systems”. Concerning procurement source of the
satellite communication equipment, the equipment will be procured as brand specified
products manufactured in the third countries, because both IP-Star and ABS systems need
to be used with the systems of local satellite communication companies and also to be
connected with the existing earthquake monitoring systems.
c. Seismic Intensity Scale
Seismic intensity information is required to be displayed on monitors which will be
installed at the targeted manned stations and also to be transmitted to PHIVOLCS
headquarters (See Figure 2-2). As for calculation formulas for seismic intensity, the
formula based on PHIVOLCS earthquake intensity scale (PEIS), which was developed by
PHIVOLCS with the technical support of SATREPS, is planned to be utilized. However,
after the operation of the formula is started, adjustment of parameters of the formula may
be required to make it possible for the correlation between seismic intensity and actual
earthquake damages to more precisely reflect real situations. The strong motion
seismometers procured by this Project will have functions of updating parameters of the
formula. The details of formula will be mentioned below in Section 2-2-2-2, “5)
Earthquake Information Systems”.
d. Power Supply System
In the manned stations where the strong motion seismometers will be installed by the
Project, electricity is basically supplied with commercial power sources. However, in this
Project, the equipment will not be connected with the existing power systems, but
electricity will be provided by independent solar power systems in order to enable satellite
communication to be as continuous as possible even in an emergency. The capacities of
solar panels and batteries have been decided to be the ones that enable electricity to be
supplied up to 3 days without any sunlight. As is the case for the broadband strong
motion seismometer, special anti-theft type bolts, nuts and screws will be adopted.
Concerning the strong motion seismometers installed in PHIVOLCS headquarters, they
will use the existing power sources in the headquarters, not only because the supply of the
electricity in the headquarters is stable, but also because back-up power supply in an
emergency is secured.
2-20
3) Earthquake Intensity Meter
In the Philippines, no instrumental seismic intensity monitoring network has been
established. Through SATREPS being implemented since 2010, the introduction of 100
sets of earthquake intensity meters has just started. Aiming at earthquake damage
forecasting and swift emergency responses, 240 sets of earthquake intensity meters
including the ones for replacement in emergency will be procured by this Project to
enhance the accuracy of earthquake intensity monitoring.
a. Earthquake Intensity Meter
Earthquake intensity meters are the Japan-made simplified-type seismic meters that were
researched and developed by “IT Kyoshinkei Consortium”, which promotes collaborative
study through industry-university cooperation between the Earthquake Research Institute of
Tokyo University as the leading figure, multiple private companies and research institutes.
Regarding earthquake intensity meters, it has been confirmed that products which meet the
required specifications can be procured as ones manufactured in the affected area of the
Great East Japan Earthquake.
The equipment consists of sensor part and monitor part. It calculates seismic intensity
from acceleration measured with the sensor part, displays the seismic intensity on monitor
screens, and transmits the information to PHIVOLCS via the internet.
The earthquake intensity meters procured by this Project will be interconnected with the
earthquake intensity network being established by SATREPS. The basic requirements for
earthquake intensity calculation and data transmission need will be same as the ones for
SATREPS.
b. Data Transmission Systems
Seismic intensity measured by the earthquake intensity meters are transmitted to
PHIVOLCS headquarters through the internet. The seismic intensity monitoring network
including the earthquake intensity meters procured by this Project is as shown in Figure 2
-2.
c. Installation Method
Any special skills are not required for installation and adjustment of earthquake intensity
meters. Therefore, all the equipment will be handed over at PHIVOLCS headquarters,
and PHIVOLCS will be responsible for site delivery, installation and adjustment of the
earthquake intensity meters. Upon handing over of the equi8pment at PHIVOLCS
headquarters, the guidance and demonstration on installation will be conducted by the
Supplier. Regarding the target sites of the earthquake intensity meters, mobile phone base
stations and/or local government offices have been considered as candidate sites. The list
2-21
of the target sites will be submitted to the Japan side once the sites are selected by
PHIVOLCS.
d. Parameter Up-date
As is the case of the strong motion seismometers, earthquake intensity meters need to be
programmed with the earthquake intensity calculation formulas based on PHIVOLCS
earthquake intensity scale (PEIS). The details of the formula will be mentioned below in
Section 2-2-2-2, “5) Earthquake Information Systems”.
Considering the fact that many earthquake intensity meters will be located at the
facilities that belong to the other entities and they will be connected through the internet,
remote updating methods via the internet will be adopted to change the parameters of the
earthquake intensity formulas, as shown in Figure 2-3.
Figure2-3 Methods of Parameter Upgrading on Earthquake Intensity Meter
4) Earthquake Acquisition Software (for PHIVOLCS Headquarters)
Data obtained by the earthquake monitoring equipment provided by this Project will be
transmitted in real time to PHIVOLCS headquarters and will be processed by the existing
servers. As described above, the existing earthquake monitoring system mainly consists
of the products of Nanometrics Inc. (Canada). Most of Nanometrics’s products adopt the
manufacturer’s original kinds of connectors and cables as well as data transmission format
(NMX format).
PHIVOLCS H.Q.
Earthquake Information System
Parameters to be updated (overwritten) from monitoring display at PHIVOLCS H.Q. by PHIVOLCS personnel.
4
Earthquake Intensity Meters
4
4
① Intensity Meters will check with update information regularly. ② If updated, Intensity Meters will download new updated parameters, and ③ Intensity Meter will automatically update the parameters downloded.
I= p1・log(a) + p2
Formula for calculating earthquake intensity
2 0.94
Update parameters for Strong-motion seismometer
update
New library file
Update library file
update
exit
view
P1 P2
②Download
①Pulling
③Update
P1
P2Internet
2-22
On the other hand, as mentioned above, the equipment provided by the Project shall be
basically procured from Japan. Most of Japan-made earthquake monitoring equipment
adopt WIN format which is Japan’s unique format developed by JMA, not NMX format,
while efforts of incorporating into the equipment Seed format and SeedLink format that are
being used worldwide have also been made.
In the existing PHIVOLCS system, monitoring data is acquired by using Naqs Server,
software manufactured by Nanometrics Inc., and then various kinds of data processing and
analysis are performed. However, the software does not have the functions of loading
data in WIN, Seed, and/or SeedLink formats. Therefore, some methods are required to
incorporate the data not in NMX format into the existing servers manufactured by
Nanometrics Inc.
In order to incorporate such data not in NM format into the existing servers, Apollo
Server manufactured by Nanometrics Inc., an advanced version of the existing earthquake
data acquisition software, is indispensable, since Apollo Server can load the data in NMX
format, Seed format, and SeedLink format. The software is planned to be introduced as a
brand specified product manufactured in the third countries.
Regarding the waveform data of strong motion seismometers, Apollo Server will
integrate the data after the data is acquired with Seiscomp3, free software developed by
German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ).
In addition, new PC workstations for earthquake data acquisition software will be
procured by the Project, considering the following concerning points; (1) the deterioration
of the existing PC workstations and (2) the memory shortage of the hard desk resulting
from the increase in the number of monitoring stations.
5) Earthquake Information Systems (for PHIVOLCS Headquarters)
a. Processing, Analysis, and Display of Seismic Intensity Data
Since the first instrumental earthquake intensity monitoring network is established in the
Philippines, servers, software, and monitors will be newly procured by this Project. As
for the equipment for the servers, it has been confirmed that products, which meet the
required specifications, have been manufactured in the affected area of the Great East
Japan Earthquake.
A display monitor will be installed at PHIVOLCS headquarters, and the data gathered
with the earthquake monitoring equipment installed by this Project will be indicated on
maps on the screen. JICA logos or ODA marks will be displayed on the monitor screen.
In addition, at the monitoring stations with strong motion seismometers, seismic intensity
will be displayed on the small-size monitors supplied with the digitizers.
2-23
The earthquake information system (seismic intensity display system) provided by the
Project is to be a simplified stand-alone type system which will show only the intensity
data monitored by the strong motion seismometers and earthquake intensity meters
installed by this Project. This is because it has been judged that it will take a considerable
amount of time to develop a comprehensive seismic intensity display system that
PHIVOLCS is willing to introduce. However, in order for future integration with the
comprehensive display system that PHIVOLCS will develop with the technical support of
SATREPS, MySQL will be adopted as the database for the earthquake intensity data.
Due to the limitation of the Project budget, the two mirror centers are excluded from the
target for the assistance of the Project.
b. Calculation Formula for Seismic Intensity and Seismic Intensity Scale
PHIVOLCS adopts “PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS)” which is the 10-tier
earthquake intensity scale PHIVOLCS has developed based on a Modified Mercalli
Intensity Scale (MMI) by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Moreover, PHIVOLCS has
independently developed a Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System (REDAS).
However, seismic intensity has been determined by body sense seismic intensity and the
extent of the earthquake damages, and mechanical measurement system of seismic
intensity has not been established yet. Under these situations, PHIVOLCS, with the
technical assistance of SATREPS, has newly developed the PEIS Earthquake Intensity
Calculation Formula based on the formula of the USGS ShakeMap. Additionally, apart
from the calculation formula, PHIVOLCS has also developed another method using
earthquake intensity conversion table (PGA-PGV-PEIS Table). Through a series of
discussions, it has been determined and confirmed that PEIS Calculation Formula and
PGA-PGV-PEIS Table will be adopted as the earthquake intensity calculation methods in
the Philippines for the seismic intensity monitoring system of PHIVOLCS (See
Annex-1and Annex-2 of Appendix 5-2, “Technical Notes (for PHIVOLCS) (signed on
December 7, 2012)”).
In this Project, the said two methods; the PEIS Calculation Formula and the
PGA-PGV-PEIS Table, will be adopted. The two methods are to be reflected in the
specifications of the strong motion seismometers, the earthquake intensity meters and the
equipment for the earthquake information systems installed at PHIVOLCS headquarters.
Here, it is worth noting that seismic intensity has been estimated based on body sense
seismic intensity and the extent of the earthquake damages1. Indicators of seismic
intensity scale shall be correlated with the extent of structural damages and causalities, and
thus it will vary according to the condition of building structure in each country. Thus,
1 Hachimine, T. (1989). Shindo-no-Keisokuka-ni-tuite [On the New Instrumental Observation of the Seismic Intensity]. Quarterly
Journal of Seismology vol.52 no. 3-4 of separate volume (Japan Meteorological Agency)
2-24
regressive equations need to be adopted, which analyze the correlation with the damages
caused by the earthquakes in the past. However, such data of damages caused by the past
earthquakes have not been accumulated and examined sufficiently in the Philippines.
Therefore, after the earthquake intensity calculation formula is introduced, a correlation
analysis between the earthquake damages and the calculation formula will be conducted.
Moreover, the adjustment of parameters for the calculation formula is assumed to become
necessary to reflect the more actual situations of the Philippines. Considering the
above-mentioned arrangement, the equipment for seismic intensity monitoring procured by
the Project will be equipped with the functions of updating parameters.
6) Satellite Communication Equipment (for PHIVOLCS Headquarters)
As mentioned above, IP-Star will be basically selected as the satellite communication
system installed by this Project. However, at some sites located out of the IP-Star
coverage areas, Nanometrics Libra II for ABS, the succeeding system of Libra which is
currently utilized by PHIVOLCS, will be adopted.
Regarding ABS, the Libra that PHIVOLCS is currently employing has become obsolete,
and consequently the procurement of the spare parts is getting difficult due to model
change of the product. PHIVOLCS is planning to replace the Libra by the Libra II system,
and they have started the procurement process of the splitter for the Libra II. If the splitter
is installed, the existing antenna and modem for ABS can be utilized for both Libra and
Libra II. However, the existing hub stations of PHIVOLCS, namely Carina Hub
manufactured by Nanometrics Inc., are only for the Libra, and thus additional Carina Hub
for Libra II will be procured by the Project as a brand specified product. In addition, it
has been confirmed during the preparatory survey that ABS satellite system has its own
backup system.
On the other hand, there is no need to renew the existing IP-Star system at PHIVOLCS
headquarters. However, since the existing IP-Star systems do not retain redundancy, a set
of the satellite communication receiver equipment for IP-Star will be provided by the
Project.
Both IP-Star and ABS systems need to be operated by local satellite communication
companies and also to be connected with the existing earthquake monitoring systems.
The equipment procured by this Project will be brand specified products manufactured in
the third countries.
2-25
(2) PHIVOLCS Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System
As mentioned above, systematic tsunami monitoring network does not exist in the Philippines,
and establishment of tsunami monitoring network is recognized as an urgent challenge. The
“first” nationwide real-time tsunami monitoring system will be established by this Project.
In the Philippines, tsunami warnings are declared even current situations, however, necessity
of evacuation, warning areas and alert levels are determined with limited information such as
location of epicenter and magnitude, when earthquake with a tsunami risk occurred. Under the
present system, PHIVOLCS notifies tsunami warnings to the Office Civil Defense (OCD) by
FAX and SMS, and OCD announces the warnings to the relevant agencies and the mass media.
This Project will construct the new tsunami monitoring stations at tsunami prone areas
identified based on the hazard maps prepared by PHIVOLCS. Sea-level monitoring data will
be transmitted in real-time to PHIVOLCS headquarters, and it will contribute to higher accuracy
of tsunami warning and its lifting. Continuous and nationwide sea-level monitoring will make
possible to obtain exact and actual tsunami information, and moreover, it will contribute to
disaster mitigation with efficient and quick responses decided based on the real-time monitoring
data. In addition, accumulated sea-level monitoring data will be reflected into the tsunami
simulation, and accuracy of tsunami estimation will be improved. This real time tsunami
monitoring system is expected to be a core of the real-time tsunami warning system which will
be established in the future.
2-26
Table 2-6 List of Equipment for Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System
Name Major Specifications Purpose Location
2-1 Set of Tsunami Wave Detector (19 sets)
Tsunami Wave
Detector
・ Radio-wave-type or ultrasonic-type water level
gauges (hanging type)
・ Measurement Interval: Less than 1 second interval、
Successive measurement
・ Measurement Range: not less than 15m, Dead Zone:
within 1.0m
・ Measurement accuracy: within ±0.3%h or ±3cm
(Maximum value)
・ Measurable displacement: not less than 2.0m/s
displacement can be followed.
・ Operating temperature limit:-10℃~50℃
・ Installation height: Not less than +3.5m from the
existing quay
・ Stanchion: SUS316 or above
Radio Transmitter
for Data
Communication
・ Transmission range: not less than 1km (line-of-sight
distance)
・ Frequency range: 481.250–481.475MHz or
486.250–486.475MHz
・ Output power: 10mW
・ Operating temperature limit:-10℃~50℃
・ Power saving type
Power Source ・ Solar Panels (chloride corrosion protective type for
splash area), Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arrester), Cut off Switch, etc.
Tide levels will be
measured. The
measured data will
be transmitted via
radios to tsunami
data transmission
stations constructed
in neighboring
elevated grounds.
2-2 Data Transmission Station (19 sets)
Data Logger
・ Memory capacity: The capacity that can store
one-year measurement data on tide levels
・ Time correction by GPS, error range: less than
10msec
・ Data processing: water level data within every 1
second will be statically processed to make it possible
to conduct averaging of the data in any interval
approximately from 1 to 600 seconds.
・ Operating temperature limit: -10℃~50℃
Radio Receiver for
Data
Communication
・ Transmission range: not less than 1km (line-of-sight
distance)
・ Frequency range: 481.250–481.475MHz or
486.250–486.475MHz
・ Output power: 10mW
・ Operating temperature limit: -10℃~50℃
・ Power saving type
Power Source ・ Solar Panels (chloride corrosion protective type for
splash area), Charge Controller, Battery, Arrester
(Lightning arrester), Cut off Switch, etc.
19 Tsunami Monitoring Stations
①Maricaban
②Nasgbu
③Corregidor
④San Fernando
⑤Appari
⑥Basco
⑦Baler
⑧Virac
⑨(Void)
⑩Borongan
⑪Tacloban
⑫Dapa
⑬Tandag
⑭Mati
⑮Saranggani
⑯Kalamansig
⑰Zamboanga
⑱Dumaguate
⑲Sipalay
⑳San Jose
Satellite
Communication
System
・ IPSTAR Satellite Communication Equipment
(antenna, modems)
・ ABS Satellite Communication Equipment (antenna,
modems)
Receiving the tide
level data
transmitted via
radios by the
tsunami wave
detectors, the
stations will relay
the data to the
PHIVOLCS
headquarters with
satellite
communication
systems
17 IP Star stations (except ⑥⑰)
2 ABS Statins (⑥⑰)
2-3 Tsunami Information
System (1set)
・ Server for tsunami monitoring data (redundant
configuration)
・ Software for displaying tsunami information
・ UPS, monitor, KVM, rack, etc.
The measured tide
level data will be
collected and
accumulated.
Moreover, observed
tide levels and
speculated tide
levels will be
displayed.
PHIVOLCS HQ
2-27
In the initial request, the number of the sites for tsunami monitoring stations was 20.
However, it was revealed through the site survey conducted during the field survey period that
appropriate locations for the equipment could not be secured at one of the candidate sites
(Rapu-Rapu). After the discussion with PHIVOLCS, the number of the sites for tsunami
monitoring stations was confirmed to be 19.
The site surveys were conducted in the presence of PHIVOLCS staff. At the candidate sites
located in the tsunami prone areas, selected by PHIVOLCS based on the tsunami hazard maps,
survey works were conducted to check whether appropriate locations for the equipment are
available or not, at port facilities or other neighboring facilities. The major survey items were
as follows
① Positional relationship between the site and trenches with high risks of earthquake occurrence or between the site and populated cities
② Confirmation of the owner of the land or facilities. Verbal agreement with the owner
on the installation of the equipment on the selected land or facilities
③ Confirmation of frequent berthing area and usage status of the jetty or pier
④ Checking the structural soundness of the harbor facility where ships are not anchored
⑤ Confirmation of the appropriate location(s) for tsunami wave detector
⑥ Topographic survey and sea-level measurement
⑦ Surveys on the appropriate location(s) for tsunami data transmission station (topographic
survey on open land or building where elevation is higher than the one for tsunami wave
detector and possible to install tsunami data transmission station)
The results of the site surveys were carefully analyzed and evaluated based on the following
criteria.
Importance Judgment
Rank a: Importance is very high because the site is facing tsunami prone trenches, or the importance of tsunami observation at the site is very high because of positional relationship with populated cities.
Rank b: The site is facing trenches with risk of tsunami, but it is close to inland sea or within bay.
Technical Judgment
Rank A: All the conditions concerned with the installation of tsunami monitoring equipment are met.
Rank B: Some of the conditions concerned with the installation (location or methods) are not satisfied, but alternative solution can be applied.
The evaluation results of the site surveys are shown in Table 2-7, “Results of Tsunami Site
Survey – Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System”.
All the sites are recognized to have high importance for tsunami monitoring. However,
Maricaban that is located near the inland sea, Basco that is some distance from trenches, and
2-28
Tacloban that is located on the inland sea and in the bay are classified as sites of Rank b in
terms of the importance.
Regarding the technical judgment, all the sites meet the conditions for the installation of the
tsunami wave detectors. Concerning the tsunami data transmission stations, there are sites
where elevated land or the existing facilities, which are suitable for the installation, could not be
identified. These sites are classified as Rank B. However, since most of these sites are facing
the Philippine Trench, whose importance for tsunami monitoring is considered to be particularly
high. As an alternative solution, reinforced concrete elevated platforms will be constructed,
and the equipment will be located on the platforms for the sites ranked B.
As a result of the project cost estimation, it was determined that all the 19 sites will be
included in the Project.
2-29
Table 2-7 Results of Tsunami Site Survey – Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System
Site`s Name Port`s Name Structure TypeEvaluation(Structural
Soundness)
ProposedInstallation
Point
Heightfrom MLLW
Land Owner Evaluation Proposed Installation Point OwnerHeight
from MLLWDistance
from TWDEvaluation Installation Place (alternative)
1 MARICABAN Port TingloyLuzon IslandBatangas Bay b Grabity Pier ○ Pier 2.0m
Municiparity ofTingloy
○Open Space
(on retaining wall)Municiparity of
Tingloy6.5m 85m ○ - A
2 NASUGBU Port WawaLuzon Island
Entrance of Manila Bay a Grabity Pier ○ Pier 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Open Spac(on cliff)
Government (orLocal Government)
16.5m 200m ○ - A
3 CORREGIDOR Port CorregidorLuzon Island
Entrance of Manila Bay a Jetty ○ Jetty 4.1mCorregidorFoundation
○Open Space(on the cliff)
CorregidorFoundation
19.6m 182m ○ - A
4 SAN FERNANDO Port Poro PointLuzon Island
Along Manila trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 2.8mPoro PointIndustrial
Corporation (PPIC)○
Open Space orUnused Water Tank Top Slab
within PPIC compound
Poro PointIndustrial
Corporation (PPIC)
2.9m
about 6m
261m
about300m
△Open Space within PPCI compound(RC elevated stand(GL+2.5m))
BStructural conditions of the existing facility are unknown.Instead of installing equipment on such unsure structure, new RC elevatedpedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will be installed on it.
5 APARRI Port PuntaLuzon Island
Along Babuyan Channel a Grabity Pier ○ Pier 2.8mLocal Government
Unit○
PAGASA Warehouseconcrete roof slab
PAGASA 7.8m 347m ○ - A
6 BASCO Port BascoBatanes Islands
(Northern Part of Luzon) b Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Ivatan Lodge Backyard(on retaining wall)
ProvincialGovernment of
Batanes18.5m 72m ○ - A
7 BALER Port BalerLuzon Island
Along East Luzon Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mMuniciparity of
Baler○
Fish Port Warehouseconcrete roof slab
Municiparity ofBaler
5.2m 172m ○ - A
8 VIRAC Port ViracCatanduanes Island
Along Philippine Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○PPA Office
concrete roof slaband inside the building
Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
10.7m 172m △Open Space within PPA site
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
BStructural conditions of the existing facility are unknown.Instead of installing equipment on such unsure structure, new RC elevatedpedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will be installed on it.
9 RAPU-RAPU - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cancelled due to no availavility of appropeate site (confirmed with PHIVOLCS).
10 BORONGAN Port BoronganSamar Island
along the Philippine Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 2.3mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Open Space
within PPA compoundPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
2.7m 199m △Open Space within PPA compound
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
BAppropreate hilly area or building to install equiment are not avalilable.New RC elevated pedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will beinstalled on it.
11 TACLOBAN Port TaclobanLeyte Island
Inside Leyte Bay b Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Customs Office
on concrete roof slab
Customs(Department of
Finance)10.0m 85m ○ - A
12 DAPA Port DapaSiargao Island
Along Philippine Trench a SlopingRevetment
○ Revetment 2.4mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Open Space
within PPA compoundPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
4.0m 35m △Open Space within PPA compound
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
B
TWD:Extension arm for sensor will be needed due to slope of revetment.DTS:Appropreate hilly area or building to install equiment are not avalilable.New RC elevated pedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will beinstalled on it.
13 TANDAG Port TandagMindanao Island
Along Philippine Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Open Space
(on the cliff)Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
18.3m 65m ○ - A
14 MATI Port MatiMindanao Island
Along Philippine Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Open Space
within PPA compoundPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
3.6m 95m △Open Space within PPA compound
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
BAppropreate hilly area or building to install equiment are not avalilable.New RC elevated pedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will beinstalled on it.
15 SARANGGANI Port GensenMindanao Island
Inside Sarangani Bay a SlopingRevetment
○ Revetment 3.6m GENSAN Shipyard ○Communication Tower or
Elevated Water Tankwithin GENSAN Shipyard
GENSAN Shipyard 15m or more 50〜220m △Open Space within GENSAN Shipyard
(RC elevated perdestal(GL+2.5m))
B
TWD:Extension arm for sensor will be needed due to slope of revetment.DTS:Structural conditions of the existing facility are unknown. Instead ofinstalling equipment on such unsure structure, new RC elevated pedestal will beconstructed and DTS equipment will be installed on it.
16 KALAMANSIG PortKalamansig
Mindanao IslandAlong Cotabato Trench a Jetty ○ Dolphin 3.3m
Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○PPA Office
Electric Houseconcrete roof slab
Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
6.4m 155m ○ - A
17 ZAMBOANGA PortZamboanga
Mindanao IslandAlong Negros Trench a Jetty ○ Jetty 3.0m
Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○PPA Office
on concrete roof slabPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
16.0m 129m ○ - A
18 DUMAGUETE PortDumaguete
Negros IslandAlong Negros Trench a Jetty ○ Pier 2.5m
Philippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○Street Liginting within Coarst
GuardPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
12.6m 12.6m △Open Space within PPA compound
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
BAppropreate hilly area or building to install equiment are not avalilable.New RC elevated pedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will beinstalled on it.
19 SIPALAY Port MaricalumNegros Island
Along Negros Trench b Jetty ○ Pier 2.9mLocal Government
Unit○
Open Spacewithin port compound
Local GovernmentUnit
3.8m 53m △Open Space within PPA compound
(RC elevated pedestal(GL+2.5m))
BAppropreate hilly area or building to install equiment are not avalilable.New RC elevated pedestal will be constructed and DTS equipment will beinstalled on it.
20 SAN JOSE Port San Jose Panay Island a Jetty ○ Pier 3.0mPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
○PPA office
concrete roof slabPhilippine PortAuthority (PPA)
6.5m 157m ○ - A
≪Legends≫ ○:meets the condition △:although some of the conditions are not met, there are alternativesImportance judgement: a:facing tsunami prone trenches、or、the importance of tsunami observation is very high since it's around a big city b:facing areas where the importance of tsunami observation is high but close to inland sea, or, bay
Technical judgement: A:all the conditions concerned with the installation of tsunami monitoring equipment are met B:some parts of the installation place (method) do not meet the conditions without the alternatives, therefore alternatives shall be used
TechnicalJudgement
Remarks
Survey Site
Site`s PositionImportanceJudgement
Tsunami Warning Detector (TWD) Tsunami Data Transmission Station (DTS)Jetty/Revetment Structure
2-30
Tsunami Wave Detector + Data Transmission Station (2 Sites out of IP-Star Coverage Area)
Tsunami Wave Detector + Data Transmission Station (17 Sites within IP-Star Coverage Area)
VSAT Antenna
Satellite (ABS-8)
Satellite (IP-Star)
VSAT Hub
VSAT Modem(※)
Tsunami Info System
Radio Modem
Radio Antenna
Tsunami Wave
Detector
Radio Modem
VSAT Modem
Radio Antenna
Data Logger
PHIVOLCS H.Q.
Solar Power System
Solar Power System
VSAT HubA hub to be added for the earthquake monitoring system will be available for the tsunami system. (Splitter / Combiner for Libra II is to be procured by PHIVOLCS)
New VSAT System ABS TDMA(Libra II)
VSAT Antenna
Radio Modem
Radio Antenna
Tsunami Wave
Detector
Radio Modem
VSAT Modem
Radio Antenna
Data Logger
Solar Power System
Solar Power System
VSAT Antenna
VSAT Antenna
(IP-Star)(※)
※Satellite Communication Equipment for PHIVOLCS H.Q. procured and installed for the earthquake monitoring system will be also utilized for the tsunami monitoring system.
Tsunami Waveform Data <Legend>
Blue:Equipment / System to be covered by the Project Gray:Existing Equipment / System
Figure 2-4 Satellite Communication Network Diagram for Real-time Tsunami Monitoring System
Details of each equipment which comprises the real-time tsunami monitoring system are
mentioned below.
1) Tsunami Wave Detector
The real-time tsunami monitoring system established by this Project will be the first
nationwide tsunami monitoring system in the Philippines. It is ideal that the sensor of the
tsunami wave detector is set at higher position than the assumed tsunami wave heights of
the area. However, considering the fact that this is the first tsunami monitoring network
of the country, the ease of installation, and the number of the installation sites to be secured,
it was determined that a large number of standard electric wave type or supersonic type
tsunami wave detectors to be deployed to the tsunami prone areas.
a. Tsunami Wave Detector
Radio wave type or ultrasonic type tsunami wave detectors, which are normally used by
Japan Meteorological Agency, will be adopted. It has been confirmed that tsunami wave
detectors, which meet the required specifications, can be procured from the affected areas
of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
2-31
In Japan, radio wave type tsunami wave detectors, for which the influence of the
temperatures and winds does not have to be adjusted, have been recommended. However,
the present models of radio wave type tsunami wave detectors are not able to respond to
drastic change of water level. In the case of Japan, especially after the Great East Japan
Earthquake, variety of tsunami monitoring equipment, such as pressure type tide gauges,
ocean bottom pressure, and GPS buoys are adopted as well as radio wave type tsunami
wave detectors in order to supplement each other, and consequently, no problems are
caused with use of radio type detectors. In the case of the Philippines, combined use of
different types of tsunami monitoring equipment is not easily expected at least in the near
future, since it is the first real-time tsunami monitoring system in the country.
If the selection is made among the existing models of tsunami wave detectors, it can be
considered that ultrasonic type tsunami wave detectors, which can respond to drastic
changes of water level, have to be adopted. However, new models of radio wave type
tsunami wave detectors that can meet the requirements are being developed, and it may be
available before the tender for this Project. Therefore, it is determined that both radio
wave type and ultrasonic type can be allowed with the conditions of “to be able to respond
to change of water level with 2.0 m/s or greater”, and this requirement shall be stipulated in
the equipment specification.
b. Radio Communication Equipment
The tide level data measured by the tsunami wave detectors will be transmitted via
radios to the tsunami data transmission stations located in line-of-sight areas within the
distance of several-hundred-meters. The tsunami wave detector and its auxiliary
equipment will be mounted to stainless steel poles. Thus, low power consumption type
radio communication equipment (for telemetry network) will be adopted to minimize the
number of solar panels and batteries.
c. Power Source
Electricity will be supplied with independent solar power systems so that data
transmission in an emergency can be as continuous as possible. The capacities of the
solar panels (chloride corrosion protective type for splash area) and batteries have been
decided to enable supply power for 3 days without any sunlight. As is the case for the
earthquake monitoring systems, special anti-theft bolts, nuts and screws will be adopted.
d. Assumed Tsunami Height and Designed Height of Equipment
As shown Figure 2-5, most of the tsunami waves that reached the Philippines in the
past were below 2.0 meters in height. Based on the past records, the tsunami height for
designs of the tsunami wave detectors has been set as 2.0 meters. If tsunami wave hits
wall, the height will be increased threefold. Thus, the 6.0-meter height is required to
2-32
protect the detector from 2.0-meter height tsunami wave. While the structures and ground
levels of the installation points for the tsunami wave detectors differ site by site, the heights
of the sensors have been set at 6.0 meters above the sea level for all the sites regardless of
different conditions of each site, with technical consideration at safe side. In addition,
though the batteries will be placed within waterproof cases, the bottoms of the cases will be
set at 2.0-meters above the jetties or revetments in order to secure the cases as thoroughly
as possible from being submerged. Additionally, concerning the foundations and poles
for the detectors, the structures have been designed based on the condition of the assumed
tsunami height of 2.0 meters.
0m
1m
2m
3m
4m
5m
6m
7m
8m
9m
10m
1900年 1910年 1920年 1930年 1940年 1950年 1960年 1970年 1980年 1990年 2000年 2010年 Source: compiled by Study Team from the Data of National Geophysical Data Center, NGDC of United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA
Figure 2-5 Heights of Tsunami Waves reached to the Philippines since 1990
2) Tsunami Data Transmission Station
The equipment installed on jetties or revetments are likely exposed to surges, and the
equipment may be submerged if big tsunami waves come. Considering this, the
equipment needs to be waterproofed, but it is difficult to waterproof all the equipment in
terms of costs. Thus, only the essential equipment, i.e. the tsunami wave detectors, will
be installed on jetties or revetments, and the other equipment for data logging and
transmission will be placed on the different location that is several hundred meters far from
the coast line.
a. Data Logger
Data loggers will be installed in order for averaging tide level data received via the radio
communication equipment, as well as for data transmission to PHIVOLCS headquarters
through the satellite communication systems. Data logger shall have long-term data
storage functions (for 1 year) in order to make it possible to retrieve the observed data even
in case of network disturbance of the satellite communication systems.
2-33
b. Satellite Communication System
Satellite communication networks will be established for the real-time tsunami
monitoring network. As is the case of the real-time earthquake monitoring system,
IP-Star will be basically adopted for satellite communications, while ABS Libra II will
cover the sites located out of IP-Star service coverage areas. The equipment will be
procured as brand specified products manufactured in the third countries, because both
IP-Star and ABS systems need to be used with the systems of local satellite communication
companies and also to be connected with the existing earthquake monitoring systems.
c. Power Source
Electricity will be supplied with independent solar power systems so that data
transmission in an emergency can be as continuous as possible. The capacities of the
solar panels (chloride corrosion protective type for splash area) and batteries have been
decided to enable supply power for 3 days without any sunlight. Special anti-theft bolts,
nuts and screws will be adopted, as is the case for the other monitoring sites.
d. Designed Height of Equipment
Both data transmission functions and data storage functions can be secured as much as
practical, even when tsunami waves greater than 2.0 meters reach the areas. For this purpose,
the tsunami data transmission stations will be basically placed on elevated ground or on upper
floors of the existing buildings. If appropriate locations are not available, reinforced concrete
elevated platforms whose height is higher than the bottoms of the battery cases of the tsunami
wave detectors will be constructed, and the equipment will be installed on the platforms.
3) Tsunami Information System (for PHIVOLCS Headquarters)
The data obtained by the tsunami monitoring equipment provided by this Project will be
transmitted in real time to PHIVOLCS headquarters and then will be processed with the
tsunami information system that will be newly established by this Project.
a. Processing, Analysis, and Display of Tide Level Data
PHIVOLCS headquarters will be equipped with servers and monitors, and a system to
display the tide level data monitored at each site will be established. On the monitor
screens, graphic charts of comparison of the monitoring tide levels and the predicted tide
levels will be displayed for all the sites. As for the predicted tidal levels, initial settings
will be made by the Supplier. Specifically, necessary information for predicted tidal
levels, calculated based on harmonic analysis using the available detected tidal data for the
neighboring areas, will be prepared and incorporated into the server by the Supplier.
However, such initial prediction can not be so accurate because initial calculation will be
made based on the data from the neighboring area. After accumulating the actual detected
2-34
data, PHIVOLCS needs to conduct harmonic analysis with such actual data, and
parameters will be adjusted for each monitoring site.
JICA logos or ODA marks will be displayed on the monitor screens.
Due to the limitation of the project budget, the two mirror centers are excluded from the
Project.
b. Satellite Communication Equipment (for PHIVOLCS Headquarters)
Regarding satellite communication equipment in the headquarters for receiving the data,
the equipment for the real-time earthquake monitoring system will be utilized for tsunami
monitoring system as well.
(3) PHIVOLCS Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
In the Philippines, tsunami simulation database has not been established yet. Under the
current situation, the necessity of evacuation, the areas where evacuation will be required and
the alert levels are judged only with the limited information such as the seismic center and the
magnitude. Consequently, warnings have not been transmitted accurately and swiftly.
PHIVOLCS is currently developing a tsunami simulation database with the technical
assistance of SATREPS. However, the PC cluster that is now in use does not have sufficient
capacity to carry out calculations for the tsunami database, and it takes a long time for
processing data. To establish the tsunami database as early as possible, a set of PC cluster with
appropriate specifications will be provided by the Project.
Table 2-8 List of Equipment for Tsunami Simulation Database Development Hardware
Name Major Specifications Purpose Location
3 Hardware for Tsunami Simulation Data Base (1 set)
Computational
Server
(10 units)
・ CPU: Not less than Intel Xeon E5-2650(2GHz,turbo
boost 2.8GHz/8 core/20MB) x 2
・ Memory: Not less than 48GB (DDR3 1333MHz)
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than 4TB
・ Removable media drive: DVD-R/RW drive x1
・ LAN interface: Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3z or
IEEE 802.3ab), Port x 2
・ Chassis: Rack mount
・ OS: Linux (CentOS)
Network Attached
Storage (NAS)
(1 unit)
・ Protocol supported: NFS, CIFS
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than physical storage
capacity 36TB
・ LAN interface: Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3z or
IEEE 802.3a), Port x 2
・ Chassis: Rack mount
Control PC
(2 units)
・ CPU: Not less than Intel Core i7 3770
・ Memory: Not less than 8GB
・ Hard desk drive: Not less than 2TB
・ Removable media drive: Blue-ray disk drive
・ OS: Windows 7 pro / 64bit
Fortran Compiler ・ Intel Fortran Compiler, 2 Licenses (floating license)
Others ・ Network switch, UPS, monitor, KVM, rack, etc.
A great many cases
of tsunami
simulations will be
implemented at
very high speed.
Moreover, the
tsunami database
will be expanded.
PHIVOLCS HQ
2-35
(4) Mobile Drainage Pumps
One of the remarkable disasters in the Philippines is flood caused by typhoons and heavy
rains. After the Great East Japan Earthquake, it was still new in our mind that water drainage
was a great challenge in the tsunami affected areas, and the usefulness of mobile drainage
pumps was recognized anew. For the purpose of strengthening the capacity of post-disaster
response, rehabilitation and recovery, six (6) mobile drainage pumps with drainage capacity of
10 m3/ min. were requested and through discussions during the field survey, it was confirmed
that each mobile drainage pump is to be deployed equally to the three major regions; Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao.
As shown in the following table, approx. twenty typhoons approach the Philippines annually,
and they bring serious damages to the various areas of the country. Typhoon and flood prone
areas are almost all over the Philippines.
Towards rapid rehabilitation and recovery after flood disasters, it is essential to introduce
mobile drainage pumps which can work for spot inundation of roads and/or low lying areas, as
well as improvement of the existing drainage pumps that are set as infrastructure will aid in
rapid rehabilitation and recovery as well.
Under this background, urgent needs of mobile drainage pumps are confirmed. Furthermore,
the necessity of additional pumps is recognized after the series of floods that occurred in July,
August and December 2012. After careful examination of the Project cost estimation, together
with considerations of the grant described in the E/N and balance of packages for both
Implementing Agencies, it was determined to include eight mobile drainage pumps to be
provided by the Project.
2-36
Table 2-9 List of Major Typhoons and Floods (From 2008 to 2012)
Damage
Date Type of Disaster Affected Region Death /
Injured
Affected
Population
Damage
Value
(mil. Pesos)
May, 17, 2008 Typhoon Ilocos Region, Central Luzon,
Western Visayas, Cordillera
Administrative Region, etc.
58/0 1,392 (unknown)
June, 21, 2008 Typhoon Frank Western Visayas, Central
Visayas, Central Mindanao, etc.
557/87 4,785 13,525
January, 7, 2009 Typhoon and Heavy
Rain
Eastern Philippines 53/12 1,187 (unknown)
October, 4, 2009 Typhoon Ondoy and
Pepeng
National Capital Region,
CALABARZON, Central Luzon,
Cordillera Administrative Region,
Ilocos Region, etc.
465/47 4,463 19,626
July, 14, 2010 Typhoon Basu-Yan CALABARZON, Bicol Region,
Central Luzon, National Capital
Region, etc.
102/46 585 378
December, 31, 2010 Heavy Rain and
Flood
Eastern Visayas, Caraga Region,
Western Visayas, Bicol Region,
etc.
75/22 1,972 2,052
July, 26, 2011 Tropical Storm
Juaning
Bicol Region, Cordillera
Administrative Region,
CALABARZON, etc.
75/9 1,018 2,694
September, 27, 2011 Typhoon Pedring Bicol Region, Cagayan Valley,
National Capital Region, etc.
35/45 489 1,147
December, 16, 2011 Tropical Storm
Sendong
Northern Mindanao, ARMM,
Central Visayas, etc.
1,257/182 1,141 1,456
July, 30, 2012 Typhoon Gener Central Luzon, CALABARZON,
Ilocos Region, Central Visayas,
National Capital Region, etc.
51/6 868 404
August, 7, 2012 Heavy Rain and
Flood
National Capital Region, Central
Luzon, CALABARZON, etc.
109/2 4,191 3,056
August, 15, 2012 Tropical Storm
Helen
Ilocos, Central Luzon, Cagayan
Valley,etc.
10/0 160 59
December, 4, 2012 Typhoon Pablo
(Bopha)
(as of Dec. 19, 2012)
Davao, Caraga Region, Northern
Mindanao, Central Visayas,
Western Visayas, etc.
1,047/841 6,204 24,223
Source:National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)
2-37
Table 2-10 List of Equipment for Mobile Drainage Pump
Item Major Specifications Purpose of Use Site
Mobile Drainage Pump
(8 units)
・ Compact and lightweight submersible motor pump
φ200 (5m3/min;10m total head) , which can be used
in case of tsunami and flooding
・ Discharge Volume
10m3/min (5m3/min×2 parallel ; 10m total head)
5m3/min(5m3/min×2 series ;20m total head)
・ Discharge Length more than 50m
・ Generator 45kVA
To drain water in
the areas affected
by flooding caused
by tsunami or
typhoons, etc.
DPWH Regional Offices
(8 offices)
①DPWH HQ.
②Region III (Central Luzon)
③Region V (Bicol Region)
④Region VI (Western Visayas)
⑤Region VII (Central Visayas)
⑥Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
⑦Region X (Northern Mindanao)
⑧Region XI (Davao Region)
As confirmed during the field survey, this Project will deploy two each mobile drainage
pumps equally to the three major regions; Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. In addition, the two
mobile drainage pumps are to be deployed to the other regions in Luzon and Visayas that are
most likely to be affected by flood disasters.
According to “the Study on the Nationwide Flood Risk-Assessment and the Flood Mitigation
Plan for the Selected Areas in the Republic of the Philippines” conducted by JICA from 2006 to
2008, 30 river basins have significant inland flood problems among the 120 surveyed flooded
rivers. And, it is reported that most of the river basins have experienced inundation of one to
two days, while not a small numbers of river basins have experienced inundation of more than
one week.
Urban areas in the Philippines, especially cities / municipalities on flat land or along a river or
the ocean, tend to have inland floods very frequently. Though various projects for
improvement of flood mitigation and drainage facilities (such as river channels, gates, diversion
channels, and water drainage pumps) are being implemented in the major cities and
municipalities, there are still flooded spots in such urban areas. Inundation in the populated
areas brings not only water borne diseases but also harm to traffic and communication networks,
and consequently it disturbs rapid and smooth implementation of recovery and reconstruction in
and around the affected cities / municipalities. In fact, some cases have been reported where
serious disasters such as landslides caused by heavy rain occurred, rescue operation teams with
heavy machineries could not reach the sites due to spot inundation.
Under such situations, discussions were made with DPWH based on the said JICA’s
Nationwide Flood Risk Assessment, together with considerations of the recent flood disasters,
and finally the following eight cities/municipalities were selected as the high prioritized inland
flood prone areas.
2-38
Table 2-11 Inland Flood Prone Cities / Municipalities
Region Area River Basin City / Municipality Recent Flood Disasters
1 NCR
(National Capital
Region)
Luzon Pasig – Marikina
River Basin
Metro Manila September 2009(Typhoon)
August 2012(Heavy Rain)
2 Region III
(Central Luzon)
Luzon Pampanga Delta San Fernando September 2009(Typhoon)
August 2012(Heavy Rain and
Typhoon)
3 Region V
(Bicol Region)
Luzon Yawa River Legaspi October 2006(Typhoon)
November 2011(Typhoon)
4 Region VI
(Western Visayas)
Visayas Iloilo River Iloilo June 2008(Typhoon)
December 2012(Typhoon)
5 Region VII
(Central Visayas)
Visayas Guinabasan River Cebu December 2011(Heavy
Rain)
December 2012(Typhoon)
6 Region VIII
(Eastern Visayas)
Visayas Bangon River Tacloban March 2011(Heavy Rain)
March 2012(Heavy Rain)
7 Region X
(Northern Mindanao)
Mindanao Cagayan de Oro
River
Cagayan de Oro December 2011(Typhoon)
December 2012(Typhoon)
8 Region XI
(Davao Region)
Mindanao Libugaon River Davao December 2011(Typhoon)
December 2012(Typhoon)
As for the National Capital Region (NCR), responsibility for flood control and sewerage
management within NCR has been transferred from DPWH to the Metropolitan Manila
Development Authority (MMDA) based on “Republic Act No. 7924”, and formulation and
implementation of policies, standards, programs and projects for an integrated flood control,
drainage and sewerage system in NCR should be implemented by MMDA, in principle. On
the other hand, DPWH is responsible for road maintenance in the country including NCR.
Quick recovery of the road network from disaster, especially within and around Metro Manila
which is a node of the road network, will be a key factor in smooth implementation of recovery
and reconstruction in the entire Luzon, moreover the whole country. As shown in the
following figure, flood prone areas are spread in and around Metro Manila, and it is deemed
necessary for DPWH to have an emergency team for drainage activities in such flooded areas.
Therefore, one mobile drainage pump is to be deployed to DPWH Headquarters aiming at quick
recovery from road and spot inundation in and around Metro Manila.
2-39
Source:OCHA/Releifweb
Figure 2-6 Flooded Areas in Metro Manila and Neighboring Areas (2009 – 2012)
As for Region III (Central Luzon), DPWH originally requested to deploy the equipment to
Olongapo which is one of the flood prone areas, and it was confirmed on the M/D signed on
December 7th, 2012. However, DPWH asked the Team to change the location from Olongapo
to San Fernando, which is also a flood prone area and where the DPWH regional office is
located, is the most appropriate location for Region III. Considerations regarding the
frequency of flood disasters as well as resources for equipment maintenance were made, and
finally, the deployment location for Region III was concluded as San Fernando.
As for the other six selected cities / municipalities, they are well recognized as flood prone
areas, and DPWH regional offices are located in the cities / municipalities. Thus, it is deemed
appropriate to deploy the equipment there in terms of necessity, and the equipment will be well
maintained by each DPWH regional office.
Legend
August 2012
(Heavy Rain)
October 2011
(Typhoon)
November 2009
(Typhoon)
2-40
2-2-3 Outline Design Drawings
The outline design drawings, such as the equipment layout plans, prepared based on “2-2-2
Basic Plan (Equipment Plan)” are shown below.
No. Drawing Title Scale
1 Typical Site Layout Plan for Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer 1:60
2 Typical Equipment Layout Plan in Vault for Broadband Strong Motion Seismometer 1:30
3 Typical Layout Plan and Elevation (Solar Panels and Antenna on Roof) for Strong Motion Seismometer 1:150
4 Typical Site Layout Plan (Solar Panels and Antenna on Ground) for Strong Motion Seismometer 1:150
5 Typical Details for Tsunami Wave Detector 1:50, 1:100
6 Typical Site Layout Plan for Tsunami Data Transmission Station 1:60
7 PHIVOLCS H.Q. Equipment Layout Plan (3rd Floor) 1:150
8 PHIVOLCS H.Q. Equipment Layout Plan (Roof Floor) 1:400
9 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.1 MARICABAN 1:1,250
10 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.2 NASUGBU 1:2,500
11 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.3 CORREGIDOR 1:2,500
12 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.4 SAN FERNANDO 1:2,500
13 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.5 APARRI 1:2,500
14 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.6 BASCO 1:1,250
15 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.7 BALER 1:1,250
16 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.8 VIRAC 1:1,250
17 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.10 BORONGAN 1:2,500
18 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.11 TACLOBAN 1:1,250
19 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.12 DAPA 1:1,250
20 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.13 TANDAG 1:1,250
21 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.14 MATI 1:2,500
22 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.15 SARANGGANI 1:2,500
23 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.16 KALAMANSIG 1:2,500
24 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.17 ZAMBOANGA 1:1,250
25 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.18 DUMAGUETE 1:1,250
26 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.19 SIPALAY 1:1,250
27 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.20 SAN JOSE 1:1,250
2-41
1 Ty
pica
l Site
Lay
out
Pla
n
for
Bro
adba
nd
Str
ong
Mot
ion
Sei
smom
eter
(S
cale
1: 6
0)
2 Ty
pica
l Equ
ipm
ent L
ayo
ut
Pla
n in
Vau
lt
for
Bro
adba
nd
Str
ong
Mot
ion
Sei
smom
eter
(S
cale
1: 3
0)
2-42
3 Ty
pica
l Lay
out
Pla
n an
d E
leva
tion
(Sol
ar P
anel
s an
d A
nten
na o
n R
oof)
for
Str
ong
Mot
ion
Sei
smom
eter
(S
cale
1: 1
50)
2-43
4 Ty
pica
l Site
Lay
out
Pla
n (S
olar
Pan
els
and
Ant
enn
a on
Gro
und
)
for
Str
ong
Mot
ion
Sei
smom
eter
(S
cale
1: 1
50)
2-44
5 Ty
pica
l Det
ails
for
Tsun
ami W
ave
Det
ecto
r (
Sca
le 1
: 50,
1: 1
00)
NO
TE
S:
1.
De
sign
Tsu
nam
i Wa
ve H
eig
ht
a=
2.0
m
The
sys
tem
to b
e fu
nct
ion
ed
wh
en
tid
e le
vel i
s 2
.0m
or
less
fro
m M
.L.L
.W.
2.
Win
d L
oad
W
ind
loa
d to
be
co
nsi
dere
d in
com
plia
nce
with
the
cod
es
an
d s
tand
ard
s in
the
Ph
ilip
pin
es.
3
. S
US
po
le f
or
tsu
nam
i wa
ve d
ete
cto
r to
be
rota
tab
le b
y 1
80
de
gre
es
for
bia
nnu
al i
nsp
ect
ion
. 4
. M
ate
rials
fo
r th
e p
ole
for
tsu
nam
i wa
ve d
ete
cto
r a
nd th
e
wa
ter
pro
ofin
g b
ox
for
ba
tterie
s to
be
SU
S31
6 w
ith
con
sid
era
tion
s of
ch
lorid
e d
ama
ge p
rote
ctio
n.
5
. If
ultr
aso
nic
typ
e t
suna
mi w
ave
de
tect
or
ado
pte
d,
the
rmom
ete
r to
be
inst
alle
d.
6.
Re
quire
d c
lea
ran
ce b
etw
ee
n t
he
tsun
ami w
ave
det
ect
or
an
d th
e e
dge
of
jett
y o
r p
ier
to b
e d
uly
se
cure
d.
1.
津波波力
a=
2.0
m 平均潮位
M.L
.L.W
.時に作用しても機能を満足
すること。
2
. 風荷重
フィリピンの基準に準じるものとする。
3
. 津波検知器取付ポールは、半年に一度点検用に
18
0°回転
が可能なものとする。
4
. 支柱の構成部材、機器収納筐体の材質は、塩害対策とし
てS
US
316
を用いるものとする。
5
. 超音波検知器の場合は、温度計を設置すること。
6
. 検知器の所定クリアランスを確保して決定すること。
2-45
6 Ty
pica
l Site
Lay
out
Pla
n fo
r Ts
unam
i Dat
a T
rans
mis
sion
Sta
tion
(S
cale
1: 6
0)
2-46
7 PHIVOLCS H.Q. Equipment Layout Plan (3rd Floor) (Scale 1: 150)
8 PHIVOLCS H.Q. Equipment Layout Plan (Roof Floor) (Scale 1: 400)
2-47
9 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.1 MARICABAN (Scale 1: 1,250)
10 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.2 NASUGBU (Scale 1: 2,500)
2-48
11 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.3 CORREGIDOR (Scale 1: 2,500)
12 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.4 SAN FERNANDO (Scale 1: 2,500)
2-49
13 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.5 APARRI (Scale 1: 2,500)
14 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.6 BASCO (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-50
15 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.7 BALER (Scale 1: 1,250)
16 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.8 VIRAC (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-51
17 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.10 BORONGAN (Scale 1: 2,500)
18 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.11 TACLOBAN (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-52
19 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.12 DAPA (Scale 1: 1,250)
20 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.13 TANDAG (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-53
21 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.14 MATI (Scale 1: 2,500)
22 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.15 SARANGGANI (Scale 1: 2,500)
2-54
23 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.16 KALAMANSIG (Scale 1: 2,500)
24 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.17 ZAMBOANGA (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-55
25 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.18 DUMAGUETE (Scale 1: 1,250)
26 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.19 SIPALAY (Scale 1: 1,250)
2-56
27 Tsunami Monitoring Site Layout Plan – No.20 SAN JOSE (Scale 1: 1,250)
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2-2-4 Implementation Plan
2-2-4-1 Implementation Policy
(1) Principles
1) Organizational Arrangements
Since there are two Implementing Agencies for this Project, namely PHIVOLCS and
DPWH as shown in the Figure 2-7, the National Economic and Development Authority
(hereinafter referred to as “NEDA”) will act as Responsible Agency to coordinate between
the two Implementing Agencies. For implementation of the Project, a Consultative
Committee will be established, and the representative from the Philippine side will be
NEDA.
(GOP)
Consultant
Agreement Contract
Supervise
(A/A)
Supplier
Ministry of ForeignAffairs
(E/N)
J I C A (G/A)
PHIVOLCS DPWH
Department of Foreign Affaires
Procurement Agent (JICS)
Embassy of Japan
JICA Office
(GOJ)
NEDA
Consultative Committee
Figure 2-7 Organizational Arrangements for the Project
2) Exchange of Notes(E/N)
The contents of GADPR are decided by the E/N signed between GOJ and GOP. The
E/N enumerated the Project objectives, implementation schedule, terms and conditions, the
amount of the grant, and so on.
3) Grant Agreement(G/A)and Procurement Guidelines
Detailed procedures on procurement and services under GADPR were agreed between
the authorities of the two governments upon signing of the G/A.
Essential points agreed on the G/A are as follows:
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JICA will supervise the implementation of the Project
Procurement of products and services shall be conducted in accordance with “The
Procurement Guidelines of Japan’s Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention and
Reconstruction (Type I-D)” established by JICA
The Recipient will conclude an Agent Agreement with the Procurement Agent
(hereinafter referred to as “the Agent”)
The Agent is the representative acting in the name of the Recipient concerning all
transfer of funds to the Agent
4) Procurement Agent
The Agent is designated to conduct the procurement services for products and services
(including fund management, preparation for tenders and contracts) for GADRP on behalf
of the Recipient. The Agent is an impartial and specialized organization that will render
services according to the Agent Agreement with the Recipient. The Agent is
recommended to the Recipient by GOJ and agreed between the two governments in the
Agreed Minutes (A/M).
5) Consultant
The Japanese Consultant that will be employed to do detailed design and supervise the本
work for the Project shall fulfill its roles in order to implement the Project smoothly and
achieve the purpose of the cooperation under the “Guidelines for Consulting Services
concerning Grant Aid” issued by JICA. The consulting firm therefore shall conduct all
necessary work and make efforts to be trusted by the Agent, the Responsible Agency and
the Implementing Agencies of the Project, considering fairness and neutrality for Japanese
suppliers.
(2) Utilization of Local Consultants and Contractors
In general, technical capability of the construction firms in the Philippines is high enough to
carry out the civil works required for the equipment for PHIVOLCS, such as concrete
foundation work and fencing work. Thus, construction supervision will be done by local civil /
building engineers, not by Japanese engineers.
As for installation works for PHIVOLCS equipment, sufficient technical knowledge and
skills are required for installation and adjustment of each of the equipment, especially for the
sensitive equipment, such as for monitoring system, communication system and servers. Thus,
installation works will be carried out by local contractors under proper instructions and
supervisions of the Japanese engineers from the Supplier.
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2-2-4-2 Implementation Conditions
(1) Equipment Procurement
1) Procurement based on “Basic Guidelines for Reconstruction in response to the
Great East Japan Earthquake”
As mentioned above, in implementing the Project, equipment and materials are planned
to be principally procured from Japan and/or locally. Moreover, details of procurement
conditions are discussed and determined based on the said Basic Guidelines.
2) Products from the Third Countries
As mentioned above, the procurement in the Project will be basically done with the
principal policy of made in Japan. However, the satellite communication equipment will
be procured as brand specified products manufactured in the third countries, since services
of local commercial satellite communication companies are planned to be utilized. In
addition, some of the equipment and software required for connection with the existing
systems will be procured from the third countries by specifying the brands of the products.
(2) Transportation, Installation and Adjustment
The equipment for PHIVOLCS includes special and precision items, and therefore, it is
essential to dispatch the experts / engineers who have necessary technical knowledge for
transportation, installation and adjustment works for such PHIVOLCS equipment.
The equipment procured either from Japan, the third countries or the Philippines will be
tentatively accommodated in a warehouse in Metro Manila. Unpacking and numerical
inspection will be conducted in the warehouse, and then, the initial calibration of the equipment
will be carried out by the Supplier in presence of the Consultant’s engineer before repacking for
each site.
Since the Project sites (including the ones located in isolated islands) are spread nationwide,
and since various kinds of equipment are to be installed at such variety of Project sites, it is
important to make an efficient transportation plan linked with equipment installation plan.
Land transportation (by trucks) and marine transportation (by ferries) will be basically adopted
for domestic transportation from Manila to each site.
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2-2-4-3 Scope of Works
The following table summarizes the responsibilities to be borne by GOJ and GOP for the
Project.
Table 2-12 Major Undertakings to be Borne by Each Government
Items To be Covered by Grant Aid
To be covered by the Recipient Side
1. To secure lots of land necessary for the implementation of the Project and to clear the sites
○
2. To construct the facility if necessary and install the equipment (○) (○)
3. 1) Marine (Air) transportation from Japan to the Recipient country
○
2) Tax assumption and customs clearance of the products at the port of disembarkation
○
3) Internal transportation from the port of disembarkation to the project site
(○) (○)
4. To ensure that customs duties, internal taxes and other fiscal levies which may be imposed in the Recipient country with respect to the purchase of the products and the services as well as the employment of the Agent to be borne by the Authority without using the Grant and its accrued interest
○
5. To accord Japanese nationals and/or nationals of third counties, including such nationals employed by the Agent, whose services may be required in connection with the supply of the products and the services such facilities may be necessary for their entry into the Recipient country and stay therein for the performance of their work
○
6. To ensure that the products be maintained and used properly and effectively for the implementation of the Project
○
7. To bear all the expenses, other than those covered by the Grant and its accrued interest, necessary for the implementation of the Project
○
8. To bear bank commission paid to the Japanese bank for banking services based upon the B/A
○
9. To give environmental and social considerations in the implementation of the Project
○
Details of the responsibilities for each Implementing Agency are described below.
(1) PHIVOLCS
As for the sites located in the areas with security issues, the procurement of the equipment
will be implemented by Japan side, and the equipment for such site will be handed over at the
PHIVOLCS headquarters. PHIVOLCS will take the responsibility for necessary works after
handing over, such as transportation (site delivery), civil works, equipment installation and
adjustment works for such site. Precisely, the sites in the areas with security issues means the
ones located in the areas that MOFA has classified in their travel advice and warning as level 3,
“Recommendation to deferral travel”, or above, such as the western region of Mindanao Island.
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However, if any alterations are made in the areas with security issues specified in the travel
advice and warning due to the changes in the security situations, the areas for installation work
will be reconsidered, if necessary (See Appendix 3-1, “Areas with security issues”).
(2) DPWH
The equipment will be handed over at the DPWH compound (Flood Control and Sabo
Engineering Center (FCSEC) located in Pasig city, Metro Manila), and after handing over of the
equipment, inland transportation from FCSEC to the target regions shall be carried out by
DPWH at its own costs. DPWH is also responsible for any taxes to be imposed, customs
duties at the disembarkation port, custom clearance procedures, vehicle registration (acquisition
of number plates), and procedures to obtain any required permissions including clearance of
diesel control regulations.
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2-2-4-4 Consultant Supervision
(1) PHIVOLCS
The Consultant will dispatch a Japanese resident engineer in order for consulting services on
the entire project implementation, including installation works conducted for various type of
sites by several installation/construction teams. The Consultant will perform the following
services; confirmation of quality and schedule management on procurement and installation,
being present at the inspections and the initial trainings, issuance the certificates, procedure of
handing over, and preparation of the completion reports. In addition, the Consultant will
coordinate all the concerned organizations, since various kinds of issues to be adjusted are
expected to arise especially for the tsunami monitoring sites, which will be newly established.
For the installation works of the equipment, the Consultant will dispatch the experts who
have specific technical knowledge when the installation works are started in order to confirm
whether the works are conducted appropriately or not. Upon acceptance inspections and
handing over, the chief consultant and the experts will be dispatched to be present at the final
inspections and the initial trainings. The details of the consulting services during the
implementation period are as follows.
Confirmation and approval of shop drawings and necessary documents for the equipment
and the civil works
Technical meetings with PHIVOLCS
Confirmation of the results of the initial performance and connectivity tests for the
equipment to be installed on the monitoring sites, conducted by the manufacturers in
Japan.
Confirmation of the results of the comprehensive performance tests for the entire
systems, conducted by the manufacturers in Japan.
Attending to factory inspections/ collation inspections prior to shipment in Japan
Attending to the initial calibration and repacking for each site in the Philippines
Supervising the progress and safety control of the Supplier
Attending to the installation, the adjustment and the commissioning
Approval of documents on acceptance test procedures and test implementation plans
Attending to acceptance tests (final inspection) and issue completion certificates
Attending to the initial operation and maintenance training conducted by the Supplier
Preparation of progress reports and completion report to be submitted to the related
organizations
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(2) DPWH
The Japanese Consultant will engage in the supervision of the Project pursuant to the
following policies:
Confirmation and approval of shop drawings and necessary documents for the equipment
Technical meetings with DPWH (including visits to the regional offices where the
equipment are deployed)
Attending to factory inspection/ collation inspections prior to shipment in Japan
Supervising the progress and safety control of the Supplier
Attending to initial operation and maintenance training conducted by the Supplier
Attending to acceptance tests (final inspection) and issue completion certificates
Preparation of progress reports and completion report to be submitted to the related
organizations
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2-2-4-5 Quality Control
(1) Inspection and Acceptance Test Implementation Plan (Equipment)
1) Principles
During the period of manufacturing of the equipment, the Consultant shall review all
shop drawings for the equipment to be submitted by the Supplier in terms of conformity
with the contract documents and technical specifications and shall give necessary
approvals.
2) Inspections
As for the quality assurance of the equipment, the following inspections and acceptance
tests shall be conducted prior to the handover of the equipment.
Initial Performance and Connectivity Tests, Comprehensive Performance Tests (only
for PHIVOLCS)
The initial performance and connectivity tests and the comprehensive performance
tests are required to be carried out by the manufacturers. The test results certificates
shall be checked and confirmed by the Consultant.
Factory Inspections(for both PHIVOLCS and DPWH packages)
Prior to the shipment of the equipment out of the factory, each and all equipment shall
be inspected as to their conformity with required specifications and performance tests
for the system shall also be conducted.
Collation Inspections prior to Shipment(for both PHIVOLCS and DPWH packages)
Though quantities of the principal equipment shall be confirmed at the time of the
factory inspection, quantities of all equipment shall be confirmed during collation
inspection prior to shipment to be conducted by a third party inspection agency.
Place of inspection shall be at the Port of Yokohama.
Initial Calibration and Repacking for Each Site (only for PHIVOLCS package)
The equipment procured from Japan, the third countries and/or the Philippines will be
initially accommodated in the warehouse in Metro Manila. Unpacking, numerical
inspections, initial calibration and repacking for each site will be conducted in the
presence of the Consultant in the warehouse.
Performance and Connectivity Tests (only for PHIVOLCS package)
Performance and connectivity tests will be conducted immediately after the
installation of the equipment at each site. Especially, regarding the equipment
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installed at each monitoring site, the data transmission between the equipment and the
PHIVOLCS headquarters will be checked and confirmed. The tests will be
conducted in presence of the Consultant, if at all possible. The specifications and the
number of the equipment will be checked and confirmed prior to the installation.
System Operation Tests (only for PHIVOLCS package)
After the completion of all the equipment installation, the system operation tests will
be conducted at the PHIVOLCS headquarters in presence of the Consultant. After
the implementation of tests, the Supplier will issue the test results certificate, and the
Consultant will confirm them.
Acceptance Test and Handover (for PHIVOLCS package)
In presence of PHIVOLCS, the Consultant and the Supplier, it will be inspected if the
equipment and the systems are satisfied with the required performance and functions.
After the inspection, the test results will be confirmed by PHIVOLCS, the Consultant
and the Supplier, and then the equipment and the systems will be handed over to
PHIVOLCS.
Acceptance Test and Handover(for DPWH package)
After completion of guidance on operation, DPWH with the presence of the
Consultant shall verify required efficiency/performance and functions of the
equipment.
After completion of the acceptance test, results of the test shall be confirmed among
DPWH, the Consultant and the Supplier. Then, the equipment will be handed over to
DPWH.
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(2) Quality Control Plan(Construction Works for PHIVOLCS package)
1) Principals
In preparation of the tender documents, the drawings will be developed considering the
conditions of the construction industry in the Philippines and the maintenance costs. As
for the technical specifications, reference will be made to the National Building Code and
National Structural Code of the Philippines, Japanese Architectural Standard Specifications
(JASS), Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS), Philippine National Standards (PNS) and the
standards of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), for the purpose of
securing high quality of construction.
During the construction periods, the Consultant will examine whether the construction
plans, including the implementing structure, construction and installation schedules, and
the shop drawings that will be submitted by the Supplier satisfy the conditions of the
contract documents and technical specifications, and give necessary approvals.
2) Inspections
On site, the Consultant will review the construction plans and material samples, which
will be submitted by the Supplier prior to the commencement of each category of the
construction work in terms of the conformity of construction materials and construction
quality with the relevant technical specifications and will give necessary approvals. After
the commencement of each category of the construction work the Consultant will conduct
inspections based on the approved construction plans according to the needs, and will give
necessary approvals. For conducting such inspections, the Consultant will develop check
sheets highlighting important check points that are identified based on the approved
construction plans. In this project, all the construction materials can be procured in the
Philippines. To ensure the required quality, random inspections will be conducted as
needed, as well as obtaining warranties issued by the manufacturers.
The construction work for the Project will be limited to very small scale works, such as
construction of equipment foundations and fences. Thus, both the Consultant and the
Supplier will manage the construction work by local engineers and supervisors.
Earth Work
The work plans considering appropriate methodologies for excavation, curing of
excavated surfaces, backfilling, compaction and concrete will be prepared, and the
works shall be conducted accordingly.
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Re-bar Work
The confirmation of mill sheets submitted by the Supplier and random tension tests
will be conducted to ensure the required quality. In addition, the shop drawings
(re-bar placing plan and bending schedules) will be reviewed for approval and
inspection on re-bar arrangement regarding joints, anchorage, quantities and concrete
coverage for each element of reinforced concrete structures.
Concrete Work
The Project sites are located nationwide in the Philippines, and the site conditions
diversely vary place by place. The concrete will be delivered directly from concrete
plants to the sites with good access conditions. On the other hand, regarding the sites
that are not easily accessible, such as remote islands, on-site mixed concrete will be
adopted. The major quality control items of concrete work are as follows. The
following inspection will be implemented by the Supplier in presence of the
Consultant.
(a) Concrete Materials Material Item Method of Inspection
Cement Hydration heat Heat of solution method Sand/Gravel/Crushed stone Grading Sifting test Absolute dry specific gravity Specific gravity and water
absorption test Alkali aggregate reaction Alkali-silica reaction test Water Organic impurities etc. Water quality test
(b) Trial Mix Concrete Material Method of Inspection
Estimated Concrete Strength Test Compression tester Slump Slump cone Concrete Temperature Thermometer Air content Air content measuring equipment Chloride content Quantab test
(c) Pre-inspection prior to Placing Concrete Material Method of Inspection
Time from mixing to completion of placing concrete
Cross-check of time for concrete mixing and placing
Slump Slump cone Concrete Temperature Thermometer Air content Air content measuring equipment Chloride content Quantab test
(d) As-built Management (Accuracy of Concrete Placing) Material Method of Inspection
Estimated Concrete Strength Test Compression tester Finishing Accuracy (Vertical) Transit, tape measure Finishing Accuracy (Horizontal) Level, tape measure Finishing Visual inspection
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2-2-4-6 Procurement Plan
(1) Sources of Equipment
As mentioned above, the equipment procured by the Project will be principally from Japan.
However, the foundations for the monitoring and communication equipment and the security
fences for preventing burglaries will be locally procured in the country. Regarding satellite
communication equipment, brand specified products manufactured in the third countries, which
are compatible with the existing systems in the Philippines, will be procured either locally or
from the third countries, since services of local commercial satellite communication companies
are adopted. In addition, some of the equipment and software that are indispensable for the
connection with the existing system will be procured as brand specified products manufactured
in the third countries.
The lists of sources of the major equipment procured by the Project are show below.
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Table 2-13 List of Sources of Equipment (PHIVOLCS)
Source of Procurement
Equipment Major Components Japan Philippines Third
countries
Notes
1. Real-time Earthquake Monitoring
system
1-1 Broadband Strong Motion
Seismometer
Broadband Strong
Motion Seismometer
Digitizer
Power Supply Device
●
●
●
Canada (Brand Specified)
1-2 Strong Motion Seismometer Strong Motion
Seismometer
Digitizer
Power Supply Device
Equipment
(For Satellite
Communications)
●
●
●
●
●
Canada, etc (Brand
Specified)
1-3 Earthquake Intensity Meter Earthquake Intensity
Meter
UPS
●
●
USA, etc.
1 - 4 Earthquake Acquisition
Software
Nanometrics Apollo
Server
● Canada (Brand Specified)
1 - 5 Earth quake information
System
Information Display
Server
Software
Monitor
UPS
●
●
●
●
USA, etc.
1-6 PHIVOLCS Satellite
Communication Equipment
Equipment
(For Satellite
Communications)
UPS
●
●
Canada, etc (Brand
Specified)
USA, etc.
2.Real-time Tsunami Monitoring system
2-1 Tsunami Detector Tsunami detector
Radio Transmitter
Power Supply Device
●
●
●
2-2 Data Transmission Station Data logger
Radio Receiver
Power Supply Device
Equipment
(For Satellite
Communications)
●
●
●
●
●
Canada, etc (Brand
Specified)
2-3 Tsunami Information System Information Display
Server
Software
Monitor
UPS
●
●
●
●
USA, etc.
3.Tsunami Simulation Database
Development Hardware (PC Cluster)
Control PC
Application Server
Monitor
UPS
Software
●
●
●
●
●
USA, etc.
USA, etc.
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Table 2-14 List of Sources of Equipment (DPWH)
Source of Procurement
Equipment (System) Japan Philippine Third
Countries
Notes
1.Mobile Drainage Pump ●
Table 2-15 List of Sources of Materials (PHIVOLCS)
Source of Procurement
Construction Materials Japan Japan Third
Countries
Notes
Structural Steel, anchor bolts ●
Cement ●
Fine aggregate (Sand), coarse aggregate (Crushed stone) ●
Form plywood ●
Safety fence for preventing burglaries ●
(2) Transportation Plan
Regarding the equipment for PHIVOLCS, the installation and adjustment will be basically
conducted at each site. However, as mentioned above, the equipment for the sites located in
the areas with security issues will be handed over at the PHIVOLCS headquarters and then the
installation and adjustment will be conducted by PHIVOLCS.
As for the equipment for DPWH, the equipment will be delivered to the DPWH-FCSEC
located in Pasig city, Metro Manila, and initial operation and maintenance training and handing
over will be carried out in DPWH-FCSEC compound.
1) Equipment Procured from Japan (PHIVOLCS Package)
The equipment procured from Japan for the PHIVOLCS package will be shipped from
Yokohama and unloaded at the Port of Manila. The shipment from Yokohama to Manila
takes approximately one week. For custom clearance, one-week is usually required.
After the custom clearance, the Supplier will tentatively accommodate the equipment in a
warehouse in Metro Manila. In the warehouse, all the equipment will be unpacked to
conduct numerical inspection and initial calibration and then will be repacked to forward
the equipment to each site.
Since the Project sites (including the ones located in isolated islands) are spread
nationwide, and since various kinds of equipment are to be installed at such variety of
Project sites, it is important to make an efficient transportation plan linked with equipment
installation plan. Land transportation (by trucks) and marine transportation (by ferries)
will be basically adopted for domestic transportation from Manila to each site.
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2) Equipment Procured from the Third Countries (PHIVOLCS Package)
Regarding some of the equipment and software required for the connection with the
existing monitoring systems and some of the satellite communication equipment, brand
specified products are to be procured from the third countries, because the same company’s
brand products as the existing systems have to be introduced. These products will be
procured mainly from Canada. They will be loaded in the Port of Vancouver. After
unloading and custom clearance in the Port of Manila, as is the case of the equipment
procured from Japan, the products will be tentatively delivered to a warehouse in Metro
Mania and then delivered to each site.
3) Equipment Procured from the Philippines (PHIVOLCS Package)
Some equipment for satellite communications, foundations for equipment and security
fences are to be procured locally.
Such equipment will be procured in Manila and initially accommodated in a warehouse
same as the equipment procured from Japan. The locally procured equipment will be
repacked together with those from Japan for the delivery and transport to each site.
On the other hand, general construction materials will be basically procured within the
areas of each site. Only for sites located on remote islands, such construction materials
are to be procured and delivered by chartered boats from cities on big islands nearby.
4) Equipment Procured from Japan(DPWH package)
The equipment for DPWH to be procured in Japan will be shipped from the Port of
Yokohama and unloaded at the Manila Port. It takes about one week from Yokohama to
Manila for marine transport, and another one week will be required for custom clearance at
Manila. After custom clearance, the equipment will be transported to DPWH
compound(s) located in Metro Manila by the Supplier.
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2-2-4-7 Initial Operation and Maintenance Training Plan
(1) PHIVOLCS
Regarding the equipment for the monitoring sites among the equipment for the real-time
earthquake and tsunami monitoring systems, the Supplier’s engineers who will accompany the
installation teams will make brief guidance about the equipment on site. After the completion
of the installation at all the sites, the initial operation and maintenance trainings on the
earthquake and tsunami monitoring systems will be implemented in Manila or on the sites near
Manila. The trainings will take approximately 3 days each. The brief guidance on site and
the initial trainings in Manila will be conducted together with the installation work. The
adjustment and initial operation of the PC cluster will be also done simultaneously.
(2) DPWH
Prior to handover of the equipment, the engineers that will be dispatched from the Supplier
(practically, engineers from the manufacturer) will conduct the initial operation and
maintenance training for the mobile drainage pumps, and the training shall be held in the
DPWH-FCSEC compound along Pasig River.
2-2-4-8 Soft Component (Technical Assistance) Plan
Both Implementing Agencies (PHIVOLCS and DPWH) have been running similar equipment
/ systems, and they operate and maintain the equipment / systems in a proper manner. And
also, their financial conditions for operation and maintenance are deemed sound. Thus, it was
recognized that both Implementing Agencies have adequate capacity for operation and
maintenance for the new equipment provided by the Project.
As for PHIVOLCS, after the installation of the real-time earthquake and tsunami monitoring
systems, the initial operation and maintenance training will be conducted by from the Supplier
(practically, engineers from the manufacturer). Considering a good practice of operation and
maintenance of the existing systems by the well-skilled staff of PHIVOLCS, and also
considering the technical assistance from the on-going SATREPS which will be continued to
2014, this Project will not provide a Soft Component for the said equipment.
For DPWH, as well as PHIVOLCS, the initial operation and maintenance training will be
provided prior to handover. Since special skills and knowledge are not required for Mobile
Drainage Pumps, this Project will not provide a Soft Component for the said equipment.
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2-2-4-9 Implementation Schedule
Procurement for this Project will be conducted by the Agent (JICS) on behalf of the Recipient,
by the method of open competitive tender. Since there are two Implementing Agencies
(PHIVOLCS, DPWH), and since the types and implementation schedule periods for
PHIVOLCS and DPWH are quite different, it was determined to separate tender packages by
the Implementing Agencies.
This Project aims at disaster prevention and disaster risk mitigation. It is essential to
procure such equipment as soon as possible in order to contribute to improvement of disaster
prevention and disaster risk mitigation. Therefore, it is decided to conduct procurement of the
DPWH package first, while detailed and technical studies for PHIVOLCS package are carefully
carried out.
The most rational implementation schedules for PHIVOLCS and DPWH packages are shown
below.
Table 2-16 Implementation Schedule (PHIVOLCS)
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18(Tender Documents Preparation)(Tender Documents Approval)
(Tender Period)(Tender Evaluation, Contract Negotiation)
(Manufacturing)(Factory Inspection, Collation Inspection)
(Marine Transportation)(Installation, Adjustment)
(Initial Training, Test, Handover)
(Inland Transp.)
Tend
erPr
ocur
emen
t
Table 2-17 Implementation Schedule (DPWH)
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18(Tender Documents Preparation)(Tender Documents Approval)
(Tender Period)(Tender Evaluation, Contract Negotiation)
(Manufacturing)(Factory Inspection, Collation Inspection)
(Marine Transportation)(Initial Training, Test, Handover)
Tend
erPr
ocur
emen
t
The implementation schedules for each package of the Project are shown in Table 2-16 and
Table 2-17
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The total implementation period for the PHIVOLCS package is 16.5 months; 5.0 months for
tender stage and 11.5 months for procurement stage. On the other hand, the total
implementation period for the DPWH package is 14.0 months; 4.0 months for tender stage and
10.0 months for procurement stage.