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Biala, Christine Joyce G. 08 March 2016PI 100

Slavery in Pre-Hisanic an! Hisani"e! Philiines

Ho# is slavery in the 16th cent$ry Philiines !i%erent &ro' ($roean slavery) *o yo$

see si'ilar con!itions still occ$rrin+ in the 21st cent$ry Philiines)

My &ather $se! to tell 'e not to

+et 'ysel& involve! #ith any !et, #hich

is retty inevitale !$rin+ !eserate

ti'es an! are $s$ally 'icro-scale

liailities only re$irin+ tete-a-tete

nancial settle'ent o& oli+ations #ith&rien!s, #hich is not a i+ !eal at

resent. I& I haene! to e in!ete!

#ithin the si/teenth-cent$ry conte/t, I

'i+ht have eco'e an oripun  y no#.

16th  cent$ry Philiine societies #ere

!ivi!e! into social classes as revio$sly

!isc$sse! #ith oripun  an! alipin  as the

thir! class. si!e &ro' the $n&ort$nate

irthri+ht an! !et on!a+e, no#n &or

ren!erin+ servit$!e, sho$l! they e

consi!ere! slaves)

hile ri'ary e!$cation easily

associates alipin #ith slavery, it #asn3t

necessarily the case. Slavery involves

!eclaration o& laor &orce as roerty,

#hich #ere o#ne!, o$+ht an! sol!,

#hose ro!$ctivity #asn3t co'ensate!.

In the Philiine conte/t !$rin+ the 16th

cent$ry, the thir! class #ere $s$ally in

the con!ition o& servit$!e !$e to !et

on!a+e, #hich 'eans their servit$!e

#as te'orary an! incl$!e!

re'$neration. Mean#hile, those #ho#ere assi+ne! as s$ch accor!in+ to

irthri+ht 'ay e treate! as one o& the

'aster3s o#n chil!ren an! 'ay e &ree!.

16th  cent$ry ($roean slaves #ere

$nale to #ith!ra# $nilaterally &ro' the

arran+e'ent, th$s, their servit$!e #ere

re!eter'ine! to a sole $rose an!

#ere non-trans&erale, s$ch as ser&!o'

#hose slaves #ere o$n! to the soil.

Oripun  an! alipin  #ere co'letely

!i%erent, as they 'ay e &ree! &ro'

their state o& servit$!e an! not o$n! to

 4$st one 'aster.

Slavery in oth +eo+rahical

conte/ts +aine! laor #or&orce thro$+h

cat$re, $rchase an! irthri+ht. In

contrast to vario$s concets o& 

si/teenth-cent$ry slavery, in site o& 

ai'in+ &or era!ication, conte'oraryslavery is revalent, esecially in the

&or' o& h$'an tra5cin+, &or the

$roses o& ersonal slavery, &orce!

laor, &orce! 'arria+e, e/traction o& 

tiss$es an! or+ans, s$rro+acy, etc. an

a$sive relationshi can also lea! the

in&erior artner to e enslave! y his or

her other hal& thro$+h !o'estication an!

se/$al slavery.

o$lation increase is an asset

o& a socioecono'ic +ro$ as 'ano#eralso increases. Socioolitical i!eolo+ies

o& !i%erent ti'e an! eras #ere cra&te!

#ith social classes #ith the rovision o& a

service class #ith nat$rally s$conscio$s

role inte+ration an! er&or'ance. Oripun

an! alipin  o& the 16th cent$ry #ere the

co''oners o& the societies #ithin their

resective lan+$a+e areas, #hich I

ersonally !$e! as servit$!e class,7

#hose servit$!e #ere to settle ersonal

liailities. lso, it sho$l! e note! that

lie the timawas, trans&er o& roerties o& oripun  an! alipin  #ere !eter'ine! y

the datus. 'on+ the conte'orary

iliinos, the 'asses are the

co''oners, in #hich their servit$!e is

'ore o& a +ain o& short-ter' assets

rather than settlin+ liailities. In a!!ition,

I also ersonally !$e! the' as

servit$!e class7 as they involve

the'selves in on!a+es o& contract$al

e'loy'ent #ith re!eter'ine!, or

#orse, +raveyar! ti'e slots. Servit$!e o& 

co''oners is not as easy as havin+ to

#ash !ishes #hen a erson is le&t #ith a

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very e/ensive resta$rant ill. 9ie the

datus, the r$lin+ class has a #ay o& 

tain+ $nconsente! a$thority over the

roerties o& the co''oners. :ne is

#hen they e/loit the nat$ral

environ'ent o& co''$nities, in #hich

the !isr$tion o& the ecosyste's

inc$rre! losses o& livelihoo! an! assets.

nother is #hen h$+e cororations

!e'an! +ro$s o& !#ellers to 'ove o$t

o& their ho$ses as the lan! #ill e

cleare! an! !eveloe!. ;he !eletion o& 

roerties lea! co''oners to tae

!rea!e! contract$al 4os an! e

e/loite! #ith less co'ensation sans

enets, not in the con!ition o& 

reclai'in+ their roerties, $t &or

s$rvival in their !aily lives. ith this

con!ition, co''oners have eco'e

enslave! y the socioecono'ic state

!isr$te! y the r$lin+ class.