philippine santos presentation
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Philippine “Santos”A Heritage of SaintsDennis Raymond P. Maturan
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What Is A“SANTO”?• The word “santo” is
derived from Spanish which means saint or holy.
• In Philippine-hispanic art, it means an iconographic representation of Jesus, the Virgin and the Saints for artistic and devotional purposes.
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What Is A “Santo”?
• Philippine “santos” are usually done in the round which means they are free standing three-dimensional sculptures called “de bulto” hence the Filipino word “rebulto”.
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What Is A “Santo”?• Philippine “santos”
may also be Bas Relief or High Relief sculptures known as “relieves” referring to images which are carved on a panel, slightly raised form a flat background or highly raised making them almost three-dimensional.
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What Is A “Santo”?
• Philippines “santos” may also be painted on wooden panels, glass, cloth or canvass which are called cuadros or printed on paper or cloth called estampas.
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Foreign Influences on Philippine “Santos”
• Chinese – Buddhist/Kuan Yin
• Indian – Buddhist• Mexican• Flemish• Spanish
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Carving Forms and Styles
1) Colonial or “Primitive” Style:
• Folk Art• Elongated/Abstract/
Shortened• Non-proportioned• Bright colors• Grotesque
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Carving Forms And Styles
2) De Bulto:• Free-standing piece• In the Round• Three-Dimensional • Primitive• Classical• Baroque
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Carving Styles and Forms
3) De Gonce or De Gozne:
• “Hinged”• Carved clad in shorts
or chemise• To be garbed in real
clothes• Mannequin style• Quita y Pone
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Carving Styles and Forms4) De Bastidor:• Head and hands are
carved in ivory or wood.• Attached to light
wooden sticks or frame.• Pyramidally or
conically shaped.• Petticoat• Meant to be vested.
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Carving Styles and Forms5) Tallada or Detalyado:• Carved in the round.• Vestments are carved in
detail.• In the baroque style if
intricately carved with exaggerations in movements, posture and vestments.
• In the classical style if carved with natural posture and natural vestments flow.
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• Wood – baticulin, santol, molave, kamagong
• Ivory• Stone, alabaster, marble• Papier Mache• Terracotta/Pasta Madera• Silver and Bronze• Wax
Materials and Finishing
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Materials and Finishing
• Natural finish
• Monochromatic
• Stain
• Polychroming with or without gesso
• Estofado
• Varnished
• Wood finish
• Gilding (gold leafing)
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“Santo” Accessories1) Metal Accessories:• Tres Potencias/Potencia
Aureola• Aureola/Diadema• Rostrillo• Medialuna/Resplandor• 12/24 Estrellas• Ramage• Corona• Setro/Globo
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“Santo” Accessories
2) Vestments:• Verdugado• Saya• Tapa-pecho• Sobresaya• Manto• Recamado• Inuod• Calado