Phonics for EFL

Using phonics to develop literacy and pronunciation skills in the EFL classroom

Karen Elliott 2014

Talk Overview

• Introduction

• Consonants

• Vowels

• Irregular spellings (tricky words)

• Wrap up

Introduction:

A phonics journey...

Introduce yourself to your partner or group…and say one thing you know about phonics

Phonics is...• the relationship between the spoken and

written language

• sound-spelling patterns

• the Alphabetic Code

• alternative spellings for the same phonemes

• ‘tricky’ words (words that don’t follow the patterns)

Listen and say the words you hear

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

• 7

• 8

moo

cluck

knock

drip

beep

crunch

tick tock

splash

tick tock knock cluck splash crunch moo drip beep

•One sound can be represented with one letter (a grapheme), two letters (a digraph) – or more.•Blending sounds makes words.•Sounds can be long or short.•Short vowel sounds are usually represented with one letter and long vowel sounds are usually represented by two (or more).

b c / k d f g h

batrabbit

catkick

dogdaddy

fishpuff

elephant

golfbigger

hat

j l m n p r

jamgiraffeorangebridge

legsilly

mapmummy

netsunnyknow

pighappy

rockhurrywrite

s t v w x y z

sundresshorsecircle

topkitty

van windwhen

box yes zoobuzz

cheeselegs

ch sh* th / th qu ng

chipswitch

shipchef

*zh: vision

that / three queenkingthink

The English Alphabetic Code: Consonants with major alternative spellings

b c / k d f g h

batrabbit

catkick

dogdaddy

fishpuff

elephant

golfbigger

hat

j l m n p r

jamgiraffeorangebridge

legsilly

mapmummy

netsunnyknow

pighappy

rockhurrywrite

s t v w x y z

sundresshorsecircle

topkitty

van windwhen

box yes zoobuzz

cheeselegs

ch sh* th / th qu ng

chipswitch

shipchef

*zh: vision

that / three queenkingthink

The English Alphabetic Code: Consonants with major alternative spellings

Consonants: alternative spellings

• cat – kick• flower – phonics• nest – know • right – write • jam – giraffe – orange – bridge• chips – pitch• went – when• sun – city• zoo – legs – cheese

wwh

Super Minds 2

Kid’s Box 2

1. Alternative spelling pattern for the ‘f’ sound.

Kid’s Box 3

Kid’s Box 3

f ph f

ph f phf

b c / k d f g h

batrabbit

catkick

dogdaddy

fishpuff

elephant

golfbigger

hat

j l m n p r

jamgiraffeorangebridge

legsilly

mapmummy

netsunnyKnow

pighappy

rockhurrywrite

s t v w x y z

sundresshorsecircle

topkitty

van windwhen

box yes zoobuzz

cheeselegs

ch sh* th / th qu ng

chipswitch

shipchef

*zh: vision

that / three queenkingthink

The English Alphabetic Code: Consonant pairs (voiced and unvoiced)

Unvoiced / voiced consonant pairs

• pet – bet• came – game• tent – dent • fan – van • cheap – jeep• seal – zeal• fashion – fusion• breath – breathe

Super Minds 3

Super Minds 3 WB

2. Voiced / unvoiced consonant pair ‘f’ and ‘v’.

Super Minds 3 WB

f

ff f ff

v v

v

1. There are thirty-two teeth in an adult’s mouth. 2. She bought some new ________ to wear to the theatre. 3. These three children are waiting for their __________.4. My father’s birthday is on _________.5. What terrible __________ : rain, lightning and thunder! 6. The __________ is the third planet from the sun.7. There are twelve __________ in a year.

One spelling pattern, two sounds.3. Complete the sentences. Colour the voiced ‘th’ sound blue and the unvoiced ‘th’ sound yellow.

1. ThThere are ththirty-two teethth in an adult’s mouthth. 2. She bought some new cloththes to wear to ththe ththeatre. 3. ThThese ththree children are waiting for ththeir mothther.4. My fathther’s birththday’s on ThThursday.5. What terrible weathther : rain, lightning and ththunder! 6. ThThe Earth is ththe ththird planet from ththe sun.7. ThThere are twelve monthths in a year.

One spelling pattern, two sounds.3. Complete the sentences. Colour the voiced ‘th’ sound blue and the unvoiced ‘th’ sound yellow.

Blending

Friendly blends (initial position)

f r

br cr dr frgr tr thr pr

Super Minds 2

Super Minds 2

Super Minds 2

brdr br

cr gr tr dr

4. The Friendly Blenders Game: initial blends

fr gr tr dr sp st

frog

...also br, cr, pr, thr, bl, cl, fl, gl, pl, sl, sc, sk, sm, sn, sp, st, squ, scr, spl, spr, str

4. The Friendly Blenders Game: initial blends

fr gr tr dr sp st

frog

friend

green

great

grandma

train

tree

drink

drive

draw

spot

spring

stop

stay

street

...also br, cr, pr, thr, bl, cl, fl, gl, pl, sl, sc, sk, sm, sn, sp, st, squ, scr, spl, spr, str

Vowels

• short and long sounds

• long sounds: monophthongs or diphthongs

a e i o u

ant eggbread

in on up

ai ee ie oa ue oi

raindaylake

seeeat

scenefunny

piemy

lightmine

boatyellowhome

cuenewcube

oilboy

ou oo /ʊ/ / oo /u:/ ar or er + /ǝ/

housebrown

look / moon blue rule

park shorttalk

awfulautumn

herbird

nursesister

The English Alphabetic Code: Vowels with main alternative spellings

Short vowel sounds

• There are seven short vowel sounds

• a, e, i, o, u...

• /ʊ/ foot; put

• /ǝ/ father; a, the

a) c ___ pb) p___ n

e) b ___ sf) b ___ n

c) d ___ gd) c ___ t

g) t ___ nh) s ___ n 10

1. Complete and say the words containing short vowels.

a) c _a_ pb) p_e_ n

e) b _u_ sf) b _i_ n

c) d _o_ gd) c _u_ t

g) t _e_ nh) s _u_ n 10

1. Complete and say the words containing short vowels.

a e i o u

have bread give gone love

Long vowel sounds

• ten long vowel sounds

• alternative spellings

• same spellings, different pronunciations

KB2 PBp8

KB1PBp8

The ai / ay sound

say day play May

rain train tail wait

name game cake plane

The ai / ay sound

2. Find the words in the snake

snakedayraincakelatesaytail

Complete the sentences1.We saw a big snake at the zoo.2.How do you ______ that in English?3.I’m sorry I’m _______ for class.4.I like _________ but I don’t like cheese.5.A monkey has got a long ________.6.‘What _____ is it?’ ‘It’s Monday.’7.It’s cloudy today. It’s going to ________.

The ai / ay sound

2. Find the words in the snake

snakedayraincakelatesaytail

Complete the sentences1.We saw a big snake at the zoo.2.How do you say that in English?3.I’m sorry I’m late for class.4.I like cake but I don’t like cheese.5.A monkey has got a long tail.6.‘What day is it?’ ‘It’s Monday.’7.It’s cloudy today. It’s going to rain.

The ee sound

see tree bee week

read team sea eat

these theme scene

ee, ea, y or ey?tr_____t____chsp____k

ver__

b_____ch____t

t_____thmon____

gr_____nsl_____pfunn___monk___

3. The ee sound

+ tricky words me, we, he, she and be

ee, ea, y or ey?tree

teachspeakvery

beacheat

teethmoney

greensleepfunny

monkey

3. The ee sound

+ tricky words me, we, he, she and be

The ie sound

my try fly cry

pie tries flies cries

like bike fine mine

high night right

The ie sound

The ie sound

4. Circle the words with the ie / y / i_e / igh spellings

pieflylightrideprizericecrynightpinebike

pie

pine

The ie sound

4. Circle the words in the snake

pie fly light ride prize rice cry night pine bike

The oa sound

boat coat goal road

note nose phone home

show grow slow know

5. Change the words to make the long oa sound

e.g. sock – soak

not ______got _______rod _______ / _______hop _________rob _______cot ________clock ________

5. Change the words to make the long oa sound

e.g. sock – soak

not notegot goatrod road / rodehop hoperob robecot coatclock cloak

Kid’s Box 2 p28

Kid’s Box 2 p58

6. Same spelling, different sounds:Colour the words yellow or brown:

know – now – show – slow – down – town – own – cow

6. Same spelling, different sounds:Colour the words yellow or brown:

knowshowslowown

nowdowntowncow

The /ju:/ and /u:/ sounds

Tuesday barbecue

blue glue clue

cube cute use tune

rule June plume rude

few new news

grew flew

The /u:/ sound

too zoo room moon pool school food

suit fruit juice

who through shoe

f o o d e g r e w

r b o o t l e w t

u b l u e u d h h

i z t h r e w o r

t o o t h r f r o

a o x s h o e u u

b c s c h o o l g

j u i c e m l e h

7. Word search: words with the /u:/ sound

f o o d e g r e w

r b o o t l e w t

u b l u e u d h h

i z t h r e w o r

t o o t h r f r o

a o x s h o e u u

b c s c h o o l g

j u i c e m l e h

7. Word search: words with the /u:/ sound

food blue tooth boot juice fruit zoo glue school

rule room through grew threw shoe who

8. The or sound. Circle the odd sound out.

1. a) sport b) born c) work d) storm

2. a) board b) floor c) form d) coat

3. a) house b) horse c) course d) short

4. a) talk b) park c) awful d) ball

8. The or sound. Circle the odd sound out.

1. a) sport b) born c) work d) storm

2. a) board b) floor c) form d) coat

3. a) house b) horse c) course d) short

4. a) talk b) park c) awful d) ball

The or sound

born sport form short

ball call talk walk

saw awful

August autumn

Super Minds 3

9. Add the missing letters to the groups: er, ur, ir, ear and or

g__l, sh__t, sk__t, f__st, th__d, b__d, d__ty, c__cle, b__thday, f__m, st__, th__sty

Th__sday, p__ple, n__se, t__n, b__n, h__t, s__f, p__se, c__ly, t__tle

v__b, s__ve, t__m, p__son, c__tain, p__fect

l__n, __ly, __th, p__l, s__ch

w__k, w__ld, w__d

9. Add the missing letters to the groups: er, ur, ir, ear and or

girl, shirt, skirt, first, third, bird, dirty, circle, birthday, firm, stir, thirsty

Thursday, purple, nurse, turn, burn, hurt, surf, purse, curly, turtle

verb, serve, term, person, certain, perfect

learn, early, earth, pearl, search

work, world, word

10. When the er letter sound is unstressed, it makes the schwa /ǝ/ sound (in the second column the stressed syllable is the er sound).

motherfather

brothersister

teacheractor

doctorpicturefuture

perfectpersoncertain

purposecurtainversionverbal

nurture

Irregular spellings (tricky words)

• are decodable in part• …but need to be learned as a whole word

• through rhyme and ‘sounds the same’ activities

• can still follow patterns e.g. one, done...

Kid’s Box 3

11. Match the rhyming words – some of them are tricky!

1 see _d_2 hurt _e_3 cake _f_4 off _b_5 one _c_6 four _a_

a) doorb) coughc) fund) keye) shirtf) ache

7 fly _h_8 can’t _j_9 two _g_10 time _k_11 late _l_12 wear _i_

g) doh) buyi) hairj) auntk) climbl) straight

9. Match the rhyming words

11. Match the rhyming words – some of them are tricky!

Thank you!I hope you enjoyed the talk!

Wrap up...

Phonics!