Phospholipid BilayerPhospholipid Bilayer

Polar Head

Nonpolar Tail

PhospholipidsPhospholipids

Red Region= Glycerol

Weak HydrogenBonds

Fluid Mosaic MembraneFluid Mosaic Membrane

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKN5sq5dtW4&feature=related

GlycoproteinsGlycoproteins

These proteins are found on the surface of all of your body cells. They are genetically determined and unique to each person. They allow our body to know self from non-self.

CholesterolCholesterol Makes up to 50% of membrane Cholesterol, like phospholipids is also hydrophilic and

hydrophobic.

Cholesterol helps prevent extremes-- whether too fluid, or too firm-in the consistency of the membrane

Slightly immobilize the outer surface of the membrane and make it less soluble to very small water-soluble molecules.

Literally helps to keep the membrane from crystalizing

Makes up to 50% of membrane Cholesterol, like phospholipids is also hydrophilic and

hydrophobic.

Cholesterol helps prevent extremes-- whether too fluid, or too firm-in the consistency of the membrane

Slightly immobilize the outer surface of the membrane and make it less soluble to very small water-soluble molecules.

Literally helps to keep the membrane from crystalizing

Transport Through Membranes

Transport Through Membranes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZFqOvxXg9M&feature=related

Why are transport mechanisms needed to get through the membrane?

Passive:1.Diffusion2. Carrier Protein

Active:1. Sodium Potassium Pump

Why do ions not move through the membrane?

Size Matters

What Water! – How?

Energy UseEnergy UseNo Energy Required

1. Osmosis2. Facilitated Diffusion3. Diffusion

Energy RequiredA. Active Transport 1. Endocytosis

A. Phagocytosishttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1w10R9lv7eQ&NR=1

B. Pinocytosis http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=XV8jawQwRag&feature=related

2. Exocytosis - Vacuoles

OsmosisOsmosishttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdiJtDRJQEc

ConcentrationConcentration1. Solvent2. Solute3. Solution4. Concentration salt in water = 12g/3L Vs. 12g/6L5. Diffusion - once equilibrium is reached what happens?6. Osmosis is the movement of what substance across what?

1. Isotonic2. Hypertonic 3. Hypotonic

7. Selectively Permeable Membranes

1. Isotonic - movement of water in and out of cell is?2. Hypertonic solution around red blood cell3. Hypotonic solution around red blood cell

Red Blood CellsRed Blood Cells

Hyponatremia – water intoxicationHyponatremia – water intoxication

Exercise causes sodium loss along with sweat.

A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine (April, 2005) found that 13 percent of Boston Marathon runners developed hyponatremia from drinking too much water. .

Adequate sodium balance is necessary for transmitting nerve impulses and proper muscle function, the early warning signs may be similar to dehydration and include nausea, muscle cramps, disorientation, slurred speech, and confusion