Phosphorus

Petra Kučerová

Michaela Salajková

Physical properties

Non-metallic Density: 1,83 g/cm3

Melting point: 41 °C Boiling point: 277 °C Standart state: solid Colour: white, red and

black

Chemical properties

The 15th group of periodic table

3 alotropic modifications Insoluble in water Soluble in carbon

disulphide (= rozpustný v sirouhlíku)

Biogenic element

White phosphorus

Waxy (= měkký jako vosk)

Toxic Pyrophoric (= samozápalný)

Phosphorescing vapors (= fosforeskující páry)

Very reactive By heating to 250 °C changes

into the red modification

Red phosphorus

Non-toxic Less reactive than the

white one Amorphous substance (= amorfní látka)

Stable on air

Black phosphorus

Crystal structure Metallic lustre (= kovový lesk)

Heat conductor (= vodič tepla)

Conductor of electric current

(= vodič el. proudu)

The least reactive of all modifications

Non-toxic

History

Discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand

Isolated from urine (= získán z moči)

Name – from Greek - Phosphoros = „bringer of light“

Occurence(= výskyt)

Only compounds (apatite, phosphorite) Heavy occurence in the earth´s crust (= zemská kůra)

DNA, RNA

Lipids, bones

Uses 1

Safety matches Pyrotechnics Coca-cola Bone-ash -

monocalcium phosphate – baking powder

(= kostní moučka; prášek do pečiva)

Uses 2

Fertilizers (= hnojiva)

Pesticides Alloys (= slitiny)

Clean agents Water softeners

Hazards and risks

0,1 g of white phosphorus is deadly toxic

Chronic poisoning of white phosphorus leads to necrosis of the jaw („phossy jaw“)

Thanks

for your attention