photo and illustration credits · photographs 57: ©royalty free/corbis. illustrations 30–45:...

CoverJonathan Till

TOCUnit 1: Mark Kostich. 20–21. Unit 3: ©Corbis Images/PictureQuest. Unit 4: t.l. ©Royalty Free/Corbis; t.r. Jan Coy; m.l. Mark Doliner; m.r. ©Getty Images; b.l. Barbara Page. Unit 5: Martin French. Unit 6: ©Royalty Free/Corbis.

Unit 1Photographs 3: Mark Kostich. 20–21: ©Merlin D. Tuttle, Bat Conservation International. 23: ©William O’Conner, Denver Art Museum. 25: ©National Baseball Library/MLB Photos. 28: ©Digital Vision.

Illustrations 4–19: Rick Stromoski. 26: Marty Peterson.

Unit 2Photographs 57: ©Royalty Free/Corbis.

Illustrations 30–45: Jack Hornady. 46–47: ©Eureka Cartography LW. 49: ©Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. 51: ©North Winds Picture Archives. 53: ©North Winds Picture Archives. 54: ©2004 Cobblestone Publishing Company, illustrated by Craig Spearing. 58: ©North Winds Picture Archives.

Unit 3Photographs 59: ©Corbis Images/PictureQuest. 76: ©Paul S. Sereno, courtesy Project Exploration. 77: ©Paul C. Sereno, courtesy Project Exploration. 78: ©Project Exploration. 79: ©1999–2003 Getty Images. 80: bkgd. courtesy of Massachusetts Turnpike Authority Central Artery/Tunnel Project; t. ©PhotoDisc. 81: courtesy of Massachusetts Turnpike Authority Central Artery/Tunnel Project. 82: t. courtesy of Massachusetts Turnpike Authority Central Artery/Tunnel Project; b. courtesy of Massachusetts Turnpike Authority Central Artery/Tunnel Project. 83: ©Gabrielle Lyon, courtesy Project Exploration. 84: ©Paul C. Sereno, courtesy Project Exploration. 86: ©PhotoDisc.

Illustrations 60–75: Steve McGarry.

Unit 4Photographs 87: t.l. ©Royalty Free/Corbis; t.r. Jan Coy; m.l. Mark Doliner; m.r. ©Getty Images; b.l. Barbara Page; b.r. ©Creatas. 89: ©Used by permission, Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc. 98: ©Used by permission, Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc. 99: ©Artville 100: bkgd. ©Digital Stock; b.l. & b.r. courtesy of National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 102: bkgd. ©Digital Stock. 105: Courtesy of North Carolina Collection, University of North Carolina Library at Chapel Hill. 108–109: bkgd. courtesy of NASA and STScI. 108, 110: Nix and Hydra photo courtesy of NASA and STScI. 109: courtesy of Andrew Steffl. 111: courtesy of NASA Headquarters - Greatest Images of NASA (NASA_HG_GRIN).

Illustrations 93: ©New York Public Library/Art Resource, NY. 95: Rick Geary. 104: Pauline Brown. 109: Steve Clark.

Unit 5 Photographs 123: ©The Lisette Model Foundation, Inc. 1983/ National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution/Art Resource, NY. 124, 127: Courtesy Louis Armstrong House Museum, Queens College.

Illustrations 113: Martin French. 115: ©Getty Images. 117: ©Getty Images. 118: ©Getty Images. 121–122: Stuart Davis, Hot Still-Shape for Six Colors—7th Avenue Style, 1940. Oil on canvas. 36 x 44 7/8 in. (91.44 x 113.98 cm). Museum of Fine

Arts, Boston. Gift of the William H. Lane Foundation and the M. and M. Karolik Collection, by exchange, 1983. 120. 128: Susan Jerde.

Unit 6Photographs 131: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 133: Courtesy of Lear/Carson Collection, Connecticut College. 134: ©George Silk/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images. 137: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 138: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 140: Courtesy of the Lear/Carson Collection, Connecticut College. 141: Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, ©1962 by Rachel L. Carson. Reprinted by permission of Frances Collin, Trustee. 143: ©Dynamic Graphics. 144: ©Getty Images. 148: R.E. Schultes. 149: ©Alison Wright/Corbis.

Illustrations 146–147: Ursula Vernon. 148–150: Ursula Vernon.

Visual VocabularyPhotographs Alert: ©istockphoto.com/Taso Hountas. Are: ©istockphoto.com/Galina Barskaya, ©istockphoto.com/Nick Free, ©blend images/Punchstock. Associated: ©digital vision/Punchstock. Astronauts: ©Jupiter images. Ban: ©Jupiter images. Barren: ©Jupiter images. Bat colonies: ©Robert Gill; Papilio/Corbis. Be: ©Jupiter images. Bold: ©istockphoto.com/Jorge Delgado. Borders: ©Jupiter images. Brilliant: ©Jupiter images. Brittle: ©istockphoto.com/Brian Powell. Broadway: ©istockphoto.com/Allan Pospisil. Bugle: ©designpics.com/Punchstock. Carriage: ©istockphoto.com/William Roger. Civil Engineers: ©Jupiter images. Columbus: ©pixtal/Punchstock. Combat: ©istockphoto.com/Craig Debourbon. Complex: ©Jupiter images. Constellation: ©istockphoto.com/Dan Mitchell. Continent: ©Jupiter images. Culture: ©istockphoto.com/SpotX. Desert: ©Jupiter images. Device: ©Jupiter images. Distortion: ©Jupiter images. Down: ©istockphoto.com/Kathy Konkle. Dragons: ©Jupiter images. Environment: ©Jupiter images. Famous: ©Jupiter Images. Fertilizers: ©istockphoto.com/James Boulette. Fossils: ©Jupiter Images. Foundations: ©Jupiter Images. Fragile: ©istockphoto.com/Clint Scholz. Frail: ©istockphoto.com/Silvia Jansen. Frontier: ©Jupiter Images. Gravity: courtesy of NASA Headquarters - Greatest Images of NASA (NASA_HG_GRIN). He: ©Jupiter Images. Honored: ©Jupiter Images. Iceland: ©Map Resources. Ignorance: ©Jupiter images. Indicated: ©istockphoto.com/Clint Spencer. Interfere: AArtPack. Lakes: ©Jupiter images. Landfill: ©istockphoto.com/Robert Kelsey. Limits: ©istockphoto.com/Jami Garrison. Llama: ©Jupiter images. Mammals: AArtPack. Mardi Gras: ©istockphoto.com/EauClaire Media. Merchant: ©blend/Punchstock. Mood: ©Jupiter images. New Orleans: ©Map Resources. Niger: ©Map Resources. Norway: ©Map Resources. Opera: ©Image Club/Punchstock. Orchestra: ©Jupiter Images. Piano: ©istockphoto.com/Emiliano Fincato. Plains: ©Jupiter Images. Plantations: ©istockphoto.com/Marco Richter. Pollinate: ©istockphoto.com/Serdar Yagci. Pollution: ©istockphoto.com/Stacey Newman. Ponds: ©Jupiter Images. Porous: ©istockphoto.com/Nick Free. Primitive: ©photodisc/Punchstock. Prosperity: ©Image Source/Punchstock. Protect: ©Jupiter Images. Rivers: ©Jupiter Images. Said: ©Jupiter Images. Satellites: ©Jupiter Images. She: ©Jupiter Images. Shrines: ©Jupiter Images. Sneer: ©Jupiter Images. Sonar: ©Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Specimens: ©istockphoto.com/Jayson Punwani. Stars: courtesy of NASA and STScI. Strikes: ©istockphoto.com/Amy Myers. Surveys: ©istockphoto.com/Malcolm Romain. Telegraph: ©istockphoto.com/Don Wilkie, ©istockphoto.com/Richard Cano. Tenor Saxophone: ©istockphoto.com/Paul Piebinga. That: AArtPack. They: ©istockphoto.com/Steve Krull. This: AArtPack. Toxins: ©Jupiter images. Vast: ©istockphotos.com/Alexander Hafemann. We: ©istockphoto.com/nikada33.

Illustrations Tom Zilis

194 Photo and Illustration Credits

Photo and Illustration Credits

Sources 177

Cover

Illustration©Martin French/Morgan Gaynin Inc.

Unit 7

Photographs3: ©William Ervin/Science Photo Library. 9: Courtesy of NASA. 15: ©William Ervin/Science Photo Library, inset ©Royalty inset ©Royalty insetFree/Corbis. 16: ©Pascal Goetcheluck/Science Photo Library. 23: Courtesy of John Crossley. 24: ©Marilyn “Angel” Wynn/www.nativestock.com.

Illustrations4–7: Steve Clark. 8: ©Comstock Images. 18, 20: Stephanie Law.

Unit 8

Photographs25: Courtesy Harlem Girls Choir. 26: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 27: ©1999-2003 Getty Images. 28–29: bkd. ©Morey Mibradt/Brand X Pictures/PictureQuest. 29: front ©Bettmann/Corbis, front ©Bettmann/Corbis, front bk. ©Siede Preis/Photodisc/PictureQuest. 30: ©Masa Ushioda/Seapics.com. 32: Courtesy of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ Department of Commerce. 34: ©PictureQuest. 35: ©Frank Driggs Collection/Getty Images. 36: ©Neal Preston/Corbis. 37: Courtesy of Hmong Cultural Center St. Paul Minnesota (www.hmongcenter.org). 38: Courtesy of Hmong Cultural Center St. Paul Minnesota (www.hmongcenter.org). 39: Courtesy of Hmong Cultural Center St. Paul Minnesota (www.hmongcenter.org). 40: t. Courtesy of The Corries (Music) Ltd. m. ©Royalty Free/Corbis. b.Royalty Free ©Photodisc. 41: t. Royalty Free ©Photodisc. b. ©Manuel Blondeau/Photo & Co/Corbis.

Illustrations37: Courtesy of Tom Riddle. 38: Courtesy of Nhon Nguyen.

Unit 9

Photographs43: Royalty Free ©Digital Vision. 45: ©Bio Photo Associates/Science Source. 47: Royalty Free ©Digital Vision. 48: l. Royalty Free ©Digital Vision, r. Royalty Free ©PhotoDisc. 49: t. ©Photo Researchers Inc. m. ©PhotoDisc. b. ©Andrew Syred/Photo Researchers Inc. 50: Courtesy of Oliver Zompro. 51: Courtesy of Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of Cape Town). 57: Royalty Free ©Photodisc. 59: Royalty Free ©Photodisc. 60: Royalty Free ©Photodisc.

Illustrations44: ©1996-2004 Jupiter Images. 45–48, 53, 55–56: Steve Clark.

Unit 10

Photographs66: ©Artville, ©Comstock Klips. 70: Courtesy of National Institute of Standards and Technology. 72: Sopris West employee watch. 81: ©University of Illinois Library, Rare Books and Special Collections Library, Urbana-Champaign campus.

Illustrations65: ©Picturequest LLC 1998-2003. 67: b. Becky Malone. 67: b. ©Picturequest LLC 1998-2003. 68: ©Picturequest LLC 1998-2003. 71: ©Digital Vision Ltd. 73: Beth Stover/Carus Publishing. 74: Becky Malone. 76: ©Dover Publications 2002. 78: ©1996-2004 Jupiter Images. 77: Used by permission from Prometheus Imports. 80: Courtesy of Danny Cardle. 83: Jacket cover from The Time Machineby H.G. Wells. Used by permission of Bantam Books, a division of Random House, Inc. Illustration ©Tom Newsom.



Photo and Illustration Credits (continued)

Unit 11

Photographs88: ©1999-2003 Getty Images. 91: ©1999-2003 Getty Images. 93: Public Domain. 95: Courtesy of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Department of Commerce. 96: Courtesy of Minnesota Historical Society. 98: Library of Congress, Prints and Photograph Division [LC-USF34-009058-C(P&P)]. 99: Courtesy of US National Archives. 100: ©Kai's Power Photos. 102: ©Clay Rogers/Photo Resource Hawaii. 104: ©2002-2004 Veer Inc. 105: Royalty Free/Corbis.

Illustrations85: Martin French. 86–87: Steve Clark. 89: ©North Wind Picture Archives.

Unit 12

Photographs 108: ©Photodisc. 109: ©Artville. 113: t. ©Dream Pictures/Getty Images, b. ©National Portrait Gallery, London. 115: ©Corel Royalty Free. 116–117 ©Shawn Spence Photography.

Illustrations 107, 110–111: Steve Clark. 114: ©Liquid Library. 119–121: Steve Clark.

Visual Vocabulary

Illustrations Tom Zilis

Sources 171

Unit 13 Off-the-Wall Inventions, Solving Problems, It’ll Never Work

Griffiths, Nick. 1995. “It’ll Never Work,” from Young Telegraph: Incredible Inventions. Copyright 1995 by Two-Can Publishing, an imprint of Cooper Square Publishing. Reprinted by permission of Cooper Square Publishing.

Way to Go!Miller, Steve. 1998. “Way to Go,” adapted from Odyssey (May 1998) “Techno Travel” ©1998 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Leonardo da Vinci: The InventorD’Alto, Nick. 2001. “From the Notebooks of Leonardo,” adapted from Odyssey (November 2001) “Looking at Leonardo’s Science” ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Kralik, Milan, Jr. 2002. “Leonardo’s Notebooks,” adapted from Calliope (March 2002) “Leonardo da Vinci, Master Artist” ©2002 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Museum of Science, Boston. 2003. “Renaissance Man: Scientist, Inventor, Artist.” Museum of Science, Boston. http://www.mos.org/leonardo/inventor.html (accessed November 1, 2004).

Podway Bound: A Science Fiction StoryWerfel, Justin. 1998. “Podway Bound,” adapted from Odyssey (May 1998) “Techno Travel” ©1998 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Unit 14Art at Home and Art in Caves

Newman, Patricia M. 2002. “Elisa Kleven: From Scraps to Magic,” adapted from AppleSeeds (May 2002) “Becoming an Artist” ©2002 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

From Rock Art to GraffitiBahn, Paul G. 2001. “The Start of Art,” adapted from Dig magazine (November/December 2001) ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Gingold, Craig. 1989. “The Murals of Aztlán,” adapted from Cobblestone (April 1989) “Hispanic Americans” ©1989 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Gruen, John. 2002. “Keith Haring: the Authorized Biography.” http://www.haringkids.com/keith/life/index.html (accessed November 1, 2007). Adapted with permission.

Becoming an ArtistCummings, Michael A. “Michael A. Cummings: Artist and Quilter.” http://www.michaelcummings.com/biography.html (accessed November 16, 2007).

Greene, Louise L. 2002. “Action Artist,” adapted from AppleSeeds (May 2002) “Becoming an Artist” ©2002 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

National Endowment for the Humanities Seminar of Kenyon College. 1997–98. “Augusta Savage.” Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio. http://northbysouth.kenyon.edu/1998/art/pages/savage.htm (accessed November 1, 2004).

Sources

Wild, Patricia. 2002. “Famous Artists’ Beginnings,” adapted from AppleSeeds (May 2002) “Becoming an Artist” ©2002 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Leonardo the ArtistBalch, Katherine S. 2001. “Leonardo: Engineer, Anatomist, Painter…Magician?” adapted from Odyssey (November 2001) “Looking at Leonardo’s Science” ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Budd, Denise. 2002. “The Master Works,” adapted from Calliope (March 2002) “Leonardo da Vinci, Master Artist” ©2002 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Museum of Science, Boston. 2003. “Leonardo da Vinci: Scientist, Inventor, Artist,” Museum of Science, Boston. http://www.mos.org/leonardo/artist.html (accessed November 1, 2004).

Art in SpaceMalina, Roger. 1999. “Space(y) Art,” adapted from Odyssey (November 1999) “Science & Beauty” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Pietronigro, Frank. 2004. “Frank Pietronigro: Interdisciplinary Fine Artist.” http://www.pietronigro.com/index.htm (accessed November 1, 2004).

Unit 15Mythical Heroes

Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth ed.). 2001–2004. New York: Columbia University Press. www.bartleby.com; http://www.loggia.com/myth/pantheon.html (accessed November 1, 2004).

Legendary SuperheroesWatts, Claire, and Robert Nicholson. 1995. “Super Powers” from Super Heroes. Copyright 1995 by Two-Can Publishing, an imprint of Cooper Square Publishing. Reprinted by permission of Cooper Square Publishing.

These Shoes of MineSoto, Gary. 1999. “These Shoes of Mine,” play copyright ©1999 by Gary Soto. Used with permission of the author and BookStop Literary Agency. All rights reserved.

Navajo Code TalkersCluff, Nancy E. 2003. “Top Secret: An Interview with Sam Billison, Navajo Code Talker,” adapted from AppleSeeds (March 2003) “American Heroes” ©2003 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Watson, Bruce. 1999. “Human Code Machine,” adapted from Odyssey (January 1999) “Code Breakers” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

The Ride of Her LifeAndrews, Rose. 1998. “The Ride of Her Life,” adapted from AppleSeeds (September 1998) “Great Adventures” ©Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Unit 16The Complete Athlete, A Special Kind of Athlete

Crooker, Gary. 2003. “The Special Olympics,” adapted from Faces (September 2003) “Rights of the Child” ©2003 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

172 Sources

Sources (continued)

Sources 173

Hellickson, A.J. 2004. Adapted from “Marathon Madness” by A.J. Hellickson from SCHOLASTIC NEWS ONLINE, June 2003. Copyright ©2003 by Scholastic Inc. Reprinted by permission.

Tony Hawk: Extreme AthleteTony Hawk, Inc. 2003. Biography from Tony Hawk’s Official Website. Tony Hawk, Inc. http://www.tonyhawk.com/bio.cfm (accessed November 1, 2004). All rights reserved. Used with permission.

Swifter, Higher, StrongerStalcup, Ann. 2000. “Swifter, Higher, Stronger,” adapted from Faces (September 2000) “Greece” ©2000 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Roberto Clemente: The Heart of the Diamond

Blair, Matthew K. 2003. “Roberto Clemente: The Greatest Right-Fielder Ever to Play the Game of Baseball.” http://www.toptown.com/hp/66/roberto.htm (accessed November 1, 2004).

Loftus, Joanne. 1989. “The Heart of the Diamond,” adapted from Cobblestone (April 1989) “Hispanic Americans” ©1989 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Unit 17The Pyramids, Building a Pyramid

Ayad, Mariam. 2001. “Building a Pyramid,” adapted from Calliope (September 2001) “The Pyramids and Egypt’s Old Kingdom” ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Living in Egypt, Growing Up EgyptianAnitei, Stefan. 2007. “Dentists Tombs from Ancient Egypt.” Softpedia. http://news.softpedia.com/news/Dentists-039-Tombs-from-Ancient-Egypt-39079.shtml (accessed August 2007).

Haynes, Joyce. 1999. “School Days,” adapted from AppleSeeds (February 1999) “Children of Ancient Egypt” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Wymore, Peggy Wilgus. 1999. “Growing Up in Another Time, Another Place,” adapted from AppleSeeds (February 1999) “Children of Ancient Egypt” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

The Study of MummiesHaynes, Joyce. 1997. “The Story of the Manchester Museum Mummies,” adapted from Calliope (September 1997) “Science and Medicine in Ancient Egypt” ©1997 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

King Tut: Egyptian PharaohMalek, Jaromir, ed. 2002. “A.H. Gardiner’s account of the opening of the burial chamber of Tutankhamen on February 16, 1923.” From the Archive of the Griffith Institute. Copyright: Griffith Institute, University of Oxford. Reprinted with permission.

Scherer, Jane, and Susan Washburn. 1999. “The Boy King,” adapted from AppleSeeds (February 1999) “Children of Ancient Egypt” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

174 Sources

Unit 18Life at the Pole, Mysteries of Antarctica

Lewis, Karen E. 2001. “Mysteries of Antarctica,” adapted from AppleSeeds (February 2001) “Amazing Earth” ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

The First Transcontinental RailroadGemmell, Charlotte. 1980. “The Builders of the First Transcontinental Railroad,” adapted from Cobblestone (May 1980) “The First Transcontinental Railroad, 1869” ©1980 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Continental DriftNoyes-Hull, Gretchen. 1999. “Seashells on the Summit,” adapted from Appleseeds (October 1999) “Exploring Mountains” ©1999 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Reina, Mary. 2001. “The Pangea Puzzle,” adapted from Appleseeds (February 2001) “Amazing Earth” ©2001 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Rogers, John J.W. and M. Santosh. 2004. Continents and Supercontinents. Cary, NC: Oxford University Press, Inc.

The Quest for a ContinentEvery Learner, Inc. 2007. “Europe Invades America.” KnowledgeNews. http://knowledgenews.net/moxie/americana/exploration-age-3.shtml

Weston, Beth. 1992. “A Stranger to Foreign Shores,” adapted from Cobblestone (January 1992) “The Legacy of Columbus” ©1992 Carus Publishing Company, 315 Fifth Street, Peru, IL 61354. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

Word HistoriesThe American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (Fourth ed.). 2002. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. http://www.bartleby.com/61/ (accessed November 1, 2004).

Sources (continued)

CoverIllustration

©Jonathan Till/Martin French

Unit 13Photographs

4: www.sinclairc5.com. 6: Royalty Free©Digital Vision. 7: ©Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. 8: Purdue News Service Photo by Nick Judy. 9: Courtesy of DaimlerChrysler Corporation. 9: bkgd. ©Dennis O’Clair/GettyImages. 10–11: Hovercraft. ©Courtesy of Andreas Gronarz. 12: ©Denver Post. 16: ©Giuseppe Cacace/Getty Images.

Illustrations3, 4–5: Steve Clark. 13–14: Phaidon Press/ ©2004 Jupiter Images. 15: ©Time Life Pictures/Getty Images. 17–22: Ivan Velez.

Unit 14Photographs

26: Elisa Kleven 30: top. ©Bettmann/Corbis. 30: bottom. ©2008 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/SOMAAP, Mexico City. 34: top. Van Vechten Trust. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. 34: bottom. ©Owaki-Kulla/Corbis. 36: ©Michael A. Cummings. 44-45: insets. NASA. 44–47: earth. NASA. 46-47: insets. Frank Pietronigro “Drift Painting” in microgravity, original video footage courtesy of NASA.

Illustrations23: ©2004 Dynamic Graphics. 24–25: ©2004 Jupiter Images. 27: From The Lion and the Little Red Bird by Elisa Kleven, ©1992 by Elisa Kleven. Used by Permission of Dutton Children’s Books, A Division of Penguin Young Readers Group, A Member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 345 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014. All rights reserved. 28: ©Fotosearch

Stock Photography. 29: ©2004 Dynamics Graphics. 30: bottom. Schalkwijk/Art Resource, NY. 31: © The Estate of Keith Haring. 33: easel. Becky Malone. 37–42: Phaidon Press©2004 Jupiter Images.

Unit 15Photographs

49: ©1999–2004 Getty Images. 50: Scala/ Art Resource, NY. 51: Royalty Free Creatas, NASA, Royalty Free Thinkstock, Royalty Free Photodisc, Royalty Free Thinkstock. 64: Photograph No. (NARA, 127-N-69889B);(Ashman); Official U.S. Marine Corps Photo USMC #57875. 68: ©United States Mint. Courtesy of Jeannie Sandoval. 74: Courtesy of Putnam County Historian.

Illustrations52: Steve Clark. 53–54: ©2004 Jupiter Images. 55: ©Jonathon Earl Bowser. 56, 59-60, 62. Laura Lacamara. 64–69: map. Reproduced from Natural Advanced Geography. America Book Co., e. 1898, 1901. Public Domain. 70–73: Courtesy of Mark Mitchell. 72: ©United States Postal Service.

Unit 16Photographs

76: ©Jonathan Nourok/PhotoEdit. 77: ©Tony Donaldson/tdphoto.com. 78: ©Matt A. Brown/X Games IX/NewSport/CORBIS, inset. Courtesy THI. 78 inset, 79, 81: Courtesy of THI. 82: ©Jonathan Nourok/PhotoEdit. 84: Ray Ryan/SPORTSFILE *EDI*. 89: ©Tami Chappell/Reuters/Corbis. 90: Courtesy Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. 90: bkgd. ©ArtVision. 92: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 93: ©ArtVision. 94: Courtesy Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, all rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction or usage prohibited.


Photo and Illustration Credits 175


Photo and Illustration Credits (continued)

Illustrations75: Martin French. 76, 78, 85, 86: Steve Clark. 87: ©Rykoff Collection/Corbis. 88, 91, 94: Steve Clark.

Unit 17 Photographs

96: top. ©Picturequest LLC 1998–2003. 98: inset. ©Will & Deni McIntyre/GettyImages. 101: ©Corel Corporation 1995. 102: ©The Granger Collection, New York. 104: ©2004 Jupiter Images. 105: The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, The William Hood Dunwoody Fund. 107–108: ©The Manchester Museum, The University of Manchester. 110: ©Royalty Free/Corbis., ©Roger Wood/Corbis, 1998-2004 Picturequest LLC. 112: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 116: ©Royalty Free/Corbis.

Illustrations95: www.mapresources.com. 96–97: Steve Clark. 98–100: Steve Clark. 103: University of Pennsylvania. 105: bottom. Steve Clark. 113: Becky Malone.

Unit 18Photographs

117: ©2004 PictureArts Corporation. 118: ©1999–2004 Getty Images. 119: Courtesy of National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration/ Department of Commerce. 120: ©1999–2004 Getty Images. 121: ©U.S. Coast Guard Slide. 122: top. Courtesy of The Antarctic Meteorite Laboratory at the Johnson Space Center. 122: ©Sky Valley Pictures. 123, 125: Courtesy of Pacific Railroad History Museum, ©2004, CPRR.org. 126: Shuji Maeda 127: ©Royalty Free/Corbis.

Illustrations123: map. Courtesy of Pacific Railroad History Museum, ©2004, CPRR.org. 128-130: ©Royalty Free/Corbis. 131: ©North Wind Picture Archives. 132: ©2004 Jupiter Images. 133: ©North Wind Picture Archives.©

CoverIllustration


Unit 19Photographs

4: ©IOC/Olympic Museum Collections. 5: Sports Museum of Finland.7: ©Brandxpictures. 7: ©PhotoDisc.23: ©Kai’s Power Photos.

Illustrations3: ©Martin French/Morgan Gaynin Inc. 6: Steve Clark. 9–19: Lea Lyon. 20–21: Steve Clark. 25–28: Karen Lee.

Unit 20Photographs

29: ©1999–2004 Getty Images, Inc. 30: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 45: ©1999–2004 Getty Images, Inc. 45: ©2001 Cylla von Tiedmann 49: The Minneapolis Institute of Arts. 51: t. ©Underwood & Underwood/Corbis 51: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 53: ©Bettmann/Corbis.

Illustrations32–38: Alan Flinn. 39–43: Dennis Balogh.

Unit 21Photographs

57: ©Bob Torrez/Getty Images. .59: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 60: ©2003 Getty Images. 60: ©2003 Getty Images. 67: ©1999–2005 Getty Images, Inc. 74: ©Comstock, ©Kai’s Power Photos, ©Digital Vision, and ©Photo Disc. 76: ©1999–2005 Getty Images, Inc. 77: ©1999–2005 Getty Images, Inc. 80, 86: ©Comstock Images. 83: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 84: ©Royalty-Free/Corbis.

Illustrations58–59, 78: Steve Clark. 69, 72: Jing Tsong.

Unit 22Photographs

87: ©Digital Vision. 91–95: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 96–100: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 103: ©Jason Hawkes/Corbis. 108: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 109: ©2004 Jupiter Images. 105–107, 110: ©Artville.

Illustrations88–91, 96–100: Steve Clark. 102: David Danz. Use of Rubik’s Cube® is by permission of Seven Towers Ltd. 104: David Danz.

Unit 23Photographs

111: ©PhotoDisc. 120: ©Royalty-Free/image100. 123: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 124: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 126: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 128: ©Comstock Images. 131: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 133: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 136: ©2005 Jupiter Images 139: ©Andrew Lichtenstein/Corbis.

Illustrations112: ©2005 Jupiter Images. 113–119, 136–137: Steve Clark.

Unit 24Photographs

142: ©Royalty-Free/Corbis. 148: courtesy Dr. Stephen La Berge. 150: ©Getty Images, Inc. 155: ©Photex/W. Smith/Masterfile. 161: ©1999–2004 Getty Images, Inc. 163: detail ©National Portrait Gallery, London. 165: Norman Collection on the History of Molecular Biology. 166: A. Barrington Brown/©2005 Photo Researchers, Inc. 168: ©Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. 169–174: ©2003 Getty Images.

Illustrations141: Steve Clark. 143: Becky Malone. 145: ©1999–2004 Getty Images. 149: ©1999–2004 Getty Images. 163: ©Royalty-Free/Corbis. 165: Steve Clark.



CoverIllustration


Unit 25Photographs

3: ©Digital Vision/Fotosearch. 4: top. ©Royalty-Free/Corbis. 4: bottom. ©Richard Mudhar, www.megalithia.com. 5: ©Richard Mudhar, www.megalithia.com. 17: ©Eyewire.

19: ©PhotoDisc. 20: ©Royalty-Free/Corbis. 22: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations6–16, 22, 25–26: Ryan Burke.

Unit 26Photographs

28: ©YURIKO NAKAO/Reuters/Corbis. 30: left. ©Jupiter Images. 30: center. ©Eyewire (PhotoDisc). 30: right. ©Jupiter Images. 32: ©Jupiter Images. 34: ©Jupiter Images. 38: top. ©Corel. 38: center. ©Frank Capri/Getty Images. 39: ©Royalty-Free/Corbis. 41: ©George Simhoni/Masterfile. 42: ©PhotoDisc Blue/Getty Images. 46: ©Taxi/Getty Images. 53: ©Michael Walls/Corbis Outline. 54: ©New York Times. 55: ©Michael Walls/Corbis Outline. 57: ©Michael Walls/Corbis Outline. 59: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 60: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 63: ©Bettmann/ Corbis. 64: bottom. ©Corbis. 64: small. ©Corbis.

Illustrations27: ©Martin French/Morgan Gaynin Inc. 29: Steve Clark. 38–50: Ryan Burke. 53–57: Steve Clark.

Unit 27Photographs

65: ©Jeff Greenberg/Indexstock. 66–67: ©Layne Kennedy/Corbis. 68–82: ©Jupiter Images. 83: ©Jupiter Images. ©Digital Vision. 85: girl. ©Jupiter Images. 85: boy. ©Punchstock. 86: ©PhotoDisc. 87: left boy. ©Punchstock. 87: left girl. ©Jupiter Images. 87: two central boys. ©Punchstock. 87: right girl. ©Jupiter Images. 89: Courtesy of Tree Musketeers. 91: ©Joseph Mehling/Dartmouth College Photographer.

Illustrations67: Steve Clark.

Unit 28Photographs

93: ©Veer. 94: ©Jupiter Images. 96: statue. ©Jupiter Images. 96: ticket. ©PhotoDisc. 96: boats in water. ©Corbis. 96: kids at railing. ©Lucien Aigner/Corbis. 98: ship. ©Bettmann/Corbis. 98: Ellis Island. ©Underwood & Underwood/Corbis. 113: ©Ansel Adams Publishing Rights Trust/Corbis. 114: ©Artville. 117: left. Through the Window, 1992 (oil on canvas), Willis, Tilly (Contemporary Artist)/Private Collection/Bridgeman Art Library. 117: right. The Red Cape (Madame Monet) c.1870 (oil on canvas), Monet, Claude (1840–1926)/Cleveland Museum of Art, OH, USA, Lauros/Giraudon/Bridgeman Art Library. 118: left. Marc Chagall, Paris Through the Window (Paris par la fenêtre). 1913. Oil on Canvas. 53.5 x 55.75 inches (135.8 x 141.4 cm). Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York. Solomon R. Guggenheim Founding Collection, Gift, Solomon R. Guggenheim. 37.438/ ©2005 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP. Paris. 118: right. ©The Human Condition, 1933 (oil on canvas), Magritte, Rene (1898–1967)/National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, USA, Lauros/Giraudon /Bridgeman Art Library/ ©2005 C. Herscovici, Brussels/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.



119: ©Barbara McCann. 120: Ann Hamilton, reflection (12:15), 1999–2000, Iris print on Arches watercolor paper, edition of 10, paper: 47 x 34 inches, image: 24 x 24 inches, Courtesy: Sean Kelly Gallery, New York.

Illustrations95: Peg Gerrity. 99–111: Ryan Burke.

Unit 29Photographs

121: ©Digital Vision/Veer. 122: billboard, salesman. ©Punchstock. 122: phone. ©Jupiter Images. 123: ©Jupiter Images. 124: ©Jupiter Images. 125: ©Jupiter Images. 133: ©Punchstock. 135–146: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations127–132: Ryan Burke. 136: Ryan Burke. 143–144: Ryan Burke.

Unit 30Photographs

147: ©Punchstock. 150–153: ©Jupiter Images. 154: ©Getty Images. 156–158: ©Jupiter Images. 160: left. ©Oscar White/Corbis. 160: top. ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 160: right. ©Jupiter Images. 161: ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 162: ©Jupiter Images. 163: ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 165: ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 166: ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 167: ©Jupiter Images. 169: left. ©Jupiter Images. 169: top. ©2005 Jamie Bloomquist. 171: ©Jupiter Images. 172: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations149: Illustration by Rupert van Wyk reprinted by permission of Cricket Magazine (November 2002), vol. 30, no. 3. Copyright ©2002 by Carus Publishing Company.


CoverIllustration


Unit 31Photographs

Opener: ©Image Source Limited/Index Stock. 4–5, 7: ©Jupiter Images. 8: ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. 11: ©Jupiter Images. 12: ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. 24-26: ©Bettmann/Corbis. 29: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations14–21: Christiane Grauert.

Unit 32Photographs

Opener: ©DigitalVision/Punchstock. 32: gold nuggets, ©Jupiter Images. gold coin, ©2002 Getty Images. gold bar, ©Comstock/Punchstock. 34: ©Comstock/Punchstock. 35: ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. 36–37, 39: ©Jupiter Images. 40: ©Hulton Archive/ Getty Images. 49: ©Underwood & Underwood/Corbis. 52: ©Bettmann. 56: ©Underwood & Underwood/Corbis. 59: ©David A. Northcott/Corbis. 62, 65–66: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations68: ©Visual Language/Punchstock.

Unit 33Photographs

Opener: ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. 80: ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. 81: top, ©Bettmann/Corbis. bottom, ©Maartje van Caspel. 82: ©Jupiter Images. 83: ©North Wind Picture Archives—All rights reserved. 85, 87, 89: ©Jupiter Images. 101: silverware and hat, ©Jupiter Images. cake, ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. brain scan, ©Indexstock.

Illustrations78: M.C. Escher’s “Day and Night” ©2005 The M.C. Escher Company–Holland. All rights reserved, www.mcescher.com. 79: M.C. Escher’s “Waterfall” ©2005 The M.C. Escher Company–Holland. All rights reserved, www.mcescher.com.

Unit 34Photographs

Opener: ©Corbis/Punchstock. 160: ©Time & Life Pictures. 120–121, 124: earth and moon, ©Jupiter Images. 118, 122, 125–126: courtesy of NASA. 128–130: ©Jupiter Images. 131: statue, ©BrandXPictures/Punchstock. 133: ©Jupiter Images. 136: Marjory Stoneman Douglas ©Time & Life Pictures. bird, ©Jupiter Images. 137: ©Jupiter Images. 138: ©Creatas/Punchstock. 139: ©Beverly Factor/Indexstock. 140: ©Elizabeth DeLaney/Indexstock. 141: ©Comstock/Punchstock.

Illustrations120–121: Chart from Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 by Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger. Copyright ©1994 by Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger. Reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 131: ships, ©Visual Language/Punchstock.

Unit 35Photographs

144–147: Still photographs from the motion picture “Shrek®” & ©2001 DreamWorks Animation LLC, used with permission. 155–164: ©Faridodin Lajvardi.

IllustrationsOpener: ©Martin French/Morgan Gaynin Inc. 148–154: James Kingman. 165–180: Yasuo Tanaka.



Unit 36Photographs

Opener: ©Masterfile (Royalty Free Div.) 182–183: Courtesy of NASA. 191: Justina Trova as Helen Keller. The Miracle Worker, by William Gibson. Berkshire Theatre Festival 2004 Photos by Kevin Sprague. 193: Justina Trova and Tabitha McKown. The Miracle Worker, by William Gibson. Berkshire Theatre Festival 2004 Photos by Kevin Sprague. 198: Michael Hammond, Tabitha McKown, Kasey Mahaffy, Justina Trova and Jennifer Roszell. The Miracle Worker, by William Gibson. Berkshire Theatre Festival 2004 Photos by Kevin Sprague. 204: Tabitha McKown. The Miracle Worker, by William Gibson. Berkshire Theatre Festival 2004 Photos by Kevin Sprague. 209: Jennifer Roszell, Justina Trova and Tabitha McKown. The Miracle Worker, by William Gibson. Berkshire Theatre Festival 2004 Photos by Kevin Sprague. 217: ©Oscar White/Corbis. 219–221: ©Jupiter Images.

222: easel, ©PhotoDisc/Punchstock. frames, ©Jupiter Images. 223: ©Jupiter Images. 225: Timothy Fadek/Polaris. 226: ©Jupiter Images. 227: reel, ©Jupiter Images. Esmeralda Santiago, Courtesy CANTOMEDIA. 228: microphone, ©Jupiter Images. Tommie Lindsey, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 229: stethoscope, ©Jupiter Images. Katherine Gottlieb, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 230: fish, ©Jupiter Images. Ted Ames, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 231: Vietnam War Memorial, ©Digital Vision/Punchstock. Maya Lin, ©Getty Images. 232: book, ©Jupiter Images. Ruben Martinez, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 233: building, ©Jupiter Images. Majora Carter, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 234: Aaron Dworkin, courtesy of the MacArthur Foundation. 235: violin, ©Jupiter Images. 236: ©Jupiter Images.

Illustrations187: ©Getty Images. 271: ©North Wind Picture Archives. All rights reserved.


photo and illustration credits · photographs 57: ©royalty free/corbis. illustrations 30–45:...

Documents