A SURVEY REPORT ON

“Product versus Price”of

“DETERGENT CAKE ”IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF

\

2012-2013

Under Guidance Of - Submitted by -Miss Devagya Shrivastava Rahul Kurmi

BBA (Hons) 16th Batch 3rd Semester

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

Department of Business Management

Preface

The Project work is field which uses tools and techniques to transfer subjectivity in the environment into objectives, also the findings of the

research, when applied show results, which can be measured and evaluated so there is feedback this is what makes it a dynamic activity.

This survey is an analytical study of a different facts of the product versus price. The focus is given on the Brand profile. This project entitled “Product versus Price of Photo Copier Machines” is for the partial fulfillment of B.B.A(Hons) Degree.

The idea behind this project is to give practical knowledge and to make them to face real life situation. The project survey is commonly used for the collection from the respondents through questionnaire. In this method statistical techniques have been used systematically. This project survey is not only with my own efforts but also that of others.

Abhijeet shrivastava

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to whole hearty thank and express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Y.S.

Thakur Head of the Department of Department of Business Management, Dr.

Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P) for suggesting me this problem

and for giving an insight in delaing with the subject.

I am highly obliged to Miss Devagya Shrivastava Lecturer & Faculty member,

for guiding me in various aspects of this project like conducting field work and

designing questionnaire and suggesting me the Project Work and helping me in

finalising the Report. I express my gratitude to all the customers who very

kindly discussed various aspects of this study and provided useful suggestions

for discussing various problems.

Lastly, I Must express my gratitude to all the elders of the family and citizen of

the city who blessed me in course of discussion. I also extend my sincere

thanks to my family and my friends for their encouragement and support. I

would like to thank all the Faculty Members of my Departmant Dr. Shree

Bhagwat, Mr. Ankur Randhelia, Mr. Girbal Singh Lodhi, Mr. Ankur Gautam,

Mr. Himanshu Katare, Mrs. Jyoti Pandey, Miss Mayuri Jain & last but not the

least Miss Shakuntala Yadav.

Abhijeet Shrivastava

Department of Business ManagementDr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwvidhyalaya, Sagar

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr Abhijeet Shrivastava Student of B.B.A. (Hons)

16th Batch, Department of Business Management, Dr. Hari Singh Gour

Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.) Has diligently worked on the Survey Report of

the “Product versus Price of Photo Copier Machinnes”. He has done this

Work under My Guidance and Supervision. This project work is original and

not submitted earlier for the award of any degree or associate ship of any other

University.

During this study he made meticulous efforts for its completion. I wish

him all the best in this sincere endeavors for a bright and successful future.

Signature of the Signature of the Signature of the

Supervisor Head of the Department

Examiner

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Survey Report entitled “Product versus

Price of Photo Copier Machines” submitted to the Department of Business

Management, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), is a record

of an original work done by me under the guidance of Miss Devagya

Shrivastava Lecturer & Faculty Member at the Department of Business

Management Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.). I also

ensure that this work done by me is purely original and is my own creativity.

Date : Abhijeet Shrivastava

Place : Enrollment no.:

Table of Contents

Preface Acknowledgement Certificate Declaration

S.No. Chapter No. P.No.

1). Chapter I Introduction 1.1 History 1.2 Scop of study 1.3 objectives

2). Chapter II Research Methodology 2.1 Research design 2.2 Data Collection 2.3 Primary Data 2.4 Secondary Data 2.5 Sampling Method 2.6 Sample Size 2.7 Research tools 2.8 Research Area 3). Chapter III Data Analysis and interpretation 4). Chapter IV SWOT Analysis 5). Chapter V Limitations 6). Chapter VI Findings & Suggestions 7). Chapter VII Conclusion . Bibliography A format of the questionnaire

Introduction

A photocopier (or copier) is a machine that makes paper copies of documents

and other visual images quickly and cheaply. Most current photocopiers use a

technology called xerography,a dry process using heat. (Xerographic office

photocopying was introduced by ,in the 1960s, and over the following 20 years

it gradually replaced copies made by Verifax, Photostat,carbon copy

mimography machines,and other duplicating machine.The prevalence of its use

is one of the factors that prevented the development of the paperless office

heralded early in the digital revolution.

Photocopying is widely used in business, education, and government. There

have been many predictions that photocopiers will eventually become obsolete

as information workers continue to increase their digital document creation and

distribution, and rely less on distributing actual pieces of paper.

In 1937, Bulgarian physicist Georgi Nadjakov found that, when placed into an

electric field and exposed to light, some dielectrics acquire permanent electric

polarization in the exposed areas. That polarization persists in the dark and is

destroyed in light.Chester Carlson, the inventor of photocopying, was

originally a patent attorney, as well as a part-time researcher and inventor. His

job at the patent office in New York required him to make a large number of

copies of important papers. Carlson, who was arthritic, found this to be a

painful and tedious process. This motivated him to conduct experiments with

photoconductivity. Carlson used his kitchen for his "electrophotography"

experiments, and, in 1938, he applied for a patent for the process. He made the

first photocopy using a zinc plate covered with sulfur. The words "10-22-38

Astoria" were written on a microscope slide, which was placed on top of more

sulfur and under a bright light. After the slide was removed, a mirror image of

the words remained. Carlson tried to sell his invention to some companies, but

failed because the process was still underdeveloped. At the time, multiple

copies were most commonly made at the point of document origination, using

carbon paper or manual .

History

The 914 was the first one-piece plain paper photocopier, and sold in the

thousands. was founded in 1906 in Rochester, New York as "The Haloid

Company", which originally manufactured photographic paper and equipment.

The company subsequently changed its name to "Haloid " in 1958 and then

simply "" in 1961. The company came to prominence in 1959 with the

introduction of the 914, the first plain paper photocopier using the process of

xerography developed by Chester Carlson. The 914 was so popular that by the

end of 1961, had almost $60 million in revenue. By 1965, revenues leaped to

over $500 million. Before releasing the 914, had also introduced the first

xerographic printer, the "Copyflo" in 1955.

The company expanded substantially throughout the 1960s, making

millionaires of some

long-suffering investors who had nursed the company through the slow

research and development phase of the product. In 1960, the "Wilson Center

for Research and Technology" was opened in Webster, New York, a research

facility for xerography. Then in 1961, the company changed its name to "

Corporation". common stock (XRX) was listed on the New York Stock

Exchange in 1961 and on the Chicago Stock Exchange in 1990.

In 1963, introduced the 813, the first desktop plain-paper copier, bringing

Carlson's vision of a copier that could fit on anyone's office desk into a reality.

Ten years later in 1973, a color copier followed.

In 1969, acquired Scientific Data Systems [SDS], and produced the Sigma line

of 32-bit mainframe computers in the 1960s and 1970s.

The laser printer was invented in 1969 by researcher Gary Starkweather by

modifying a copier. This development resulted in the first commercially

available laser printer, the 9700, being launched in 1977. Laser printing

eventually became a multi billion dollar business for

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This project gives us great exposure to the photo copier machines market

because it includes product knowledge and field survey job in which we visited

the consumer durable stores in Sagar city.

-

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

To find the number of brands of Photo copier machines in Sagar city.

To study brand preference of consumer for Photo Copier Machines.

To find most important parameter for selection of brand of Photo Copier

Machines.

To find out the brand leader of Photo Copier Machines in Sagar city.

To know the impact of advertisements on the customers.

To know, Photo Copier Machines of what price range is mostly bought

by the customers.

Product of Office product of Color Multifunction A complete line of office color laser multifunction printers that copy, print, scan, and fax all in one.

(A) Phaser 6128MFP

Print, copy, scan, fax, emailBest for small, frequent jobs in a small work team or personal environmentColor: up to 12 ppmBlack: up to 16 ppmStandard paper capacity: 251 sheetsMaximum paper capacity: 251 sheets (B) Phaser 6115MFP

Print, copy, scan, faxBest for small, frequent print jobs in a workgroup or personal environmentColor: up to 5 ppmBlack: up to 20 ppmStandard paper capacity: 200 sheet

(C) Phaser 8860MFP

Print, copy, scan, faxColor output for the price of black-and-white

Cartridge-free solid ink technologyBlack: up to 30 ppm Color: up to 30 ppmStandard paper capacity: 625 sheetsMaximum paper capacity: 1,675 sheets

(D) Phaser 6180MFPoint requiring customer commitment.Environmental Record:

U.S. office workers print an average of 10,000 pages per year. However,

developing and designing printers consumes thousands of reams of paper a day.

This is not usually seen by the general public but needs to be disclosed

nonetheless. According to , around 40 percent of the pages printed out by

people are only viewed once before being thrown away. is making attempts at

reducing that number with “erasable paper.” This new type of paper is

embedded with chemicals that are sensitive to light. When different

wavelengths of light touch its surface, the paper darkens, and this in turn gives

the “printed text or image” look. The images stay on the paper for between 16

and 24 hours before dissolving, and this allows the paper to be used again in

the future.

PRODUCT VS PRICE

• The latest move comes in the wake of the high profile launch of Canan

photo coier machine.

• Canan and xeror always created problems for sharp and ripo. The

migration of richo to sharp is aimed at countering canan.

• In our market canan and xerox is very high competicion.

Respondent (No.)

Canon18%

Ricoh15%

Sharp15%

Xerox52%

Canon

Ricoh

Sharp

Xerox

Research methodology

is used to search answers of the research questions. An attempt has been

made to describe the nature of the people of A Survey Report On Photo Copies

Machines city by the study of the samples.

Methodology in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. The

advanced learner’s dictionary of current English lays down the meaning of

research as “a careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for

new facts in any branch of knowledge”. Some people consider research as a

movement, movements from known to unknown. It is actually a voyage of

discovery. We all posses the vital instinct of inquisitiveness for, when the

unknown confront us, we wonder and our inquisitiveness makes us probe and

attain full and fuller understanding of the unknown. This inquisitiveness is the

mother of all the knowledge and the method, which man employs for obtaining

the knowledge of whatever the unknown, can be termed as research.

Methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It

may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically.

Learning more about the consumer and about marketing is the heart of the

research methodology. The research methodology has many dimensions and

research methods to constitute a part of the research methodology.

Data Collection

This report was prepared after collecting data from the retailers/ dealers and

past data was arranged from the various studies conducted in last few years and

various other records of company.

Primary Data

These data were collected by personal interview with retailers/ dealer. For this

purpose questionnaires were prepared in such that all necessary data would be

collected.

Secondary DataInformation regarding the project, secondary data was also required. These data

were collected from various sources of the companies like prizes of various

brands.

Sampling MethodRandom Sampling method

Sample Size10 Dealers & 20 Customer

Research tools:Questionnaires

Research AreaSagar city

Research design

The blue print for collection s, compilations and analysis of data. Salter

defined research design as” The arrangement of condition for

collection and analysis of data in a manner Research design is important

primarily because of the increased complexity in the market as well as

marketing approaches available to the researchers. In fact, it is the key to the

evolution of successful marketing strategies and programmers. It is an

important tool to study buyer’s behavior, consumption pattern, brand loyalty,

and focus market changes. A research design specifies the methods and

procedures for conducting a particular study. According to Kerlinger,

“Research Design is a plan, conceptual structure, and strategy of investigation

conceived as to obtain answers to research questions and to control

variance. Research design specifies methods and procedures for study. In this

study the company was interested to know the demand of different consumer

durable product, about competitors, and potential for Detergent cakes

procedures to be used for the study among retailers/dealer and. However it was

exclusively personal interview.

 

RESEARCH PROCESS

Problem Formulation

Research Design

Sample Design

Data Collection Technique

Field Work Analysis

and Interpretation and Research Report

Data Anaylysis and Interpretation

Q6: Does other feature like MFD(multi function device) play a significant role

when you purchasing

photocopier machine?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 12

No answer 3

Agree 5

Q1: Which brand of photocopier machine you use?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Canon 12

Ricoh 5

Sharp 3

20

Respondent (No.)

Canon18%

Ricoh15%

Sharp15%

Xerox52%

Canon

Ricoh

Sharp

Xerox

Interpretation:

During market analysis we find that mostly organization use the photocopier Machine in A Survey Report On Photo Copies Machines . Its indicate that the percentage of photocopier machine

In A Survey Report On Photo Copies Machines high than other copier machine.

Q2: Does brand name influence your purchasing behaviour while installing the

photocopier

Machines?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Yes 16

No 4

Respondent (No.)

80, 80%

20, 20%

Yes

No

Interpretation:

During market analysis mostly peoples who work in

organization said that brand

name influence the purchasing behaviour while installing the photocopier machines.

pQ3: How printing cost influence your installation decision?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 4

No answer 10

Agree 6

Respondent (No.)

Disagree, 25, 25%

No answer, 15, 15%

Agree, 60, 60%

Disagree

No answer

Agree

Interpretation: By market analysis of copier used in office ,we analyze that 60%

of people said that

Printing cost influence installation decision and 25% peoples are

disagree , 15% People was not gave the answer.

Q4: Does power consumption of machines is a considerable factor while

choosing a machine?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Yes 15

No 5

Respondent (No.)

Respondent (No.), Yes,

85%

Respondent (No.), No,

15%

Yes

No

Interpretation:

By market analysis of copier used in office ,we analyze that 85%

of people said that

Power consumption influence installation decision and 15%

peoples are disagree.

Q5: The speed of a machine (ppm-paper per minute) is considerable factor

while choosing a Machine?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 7

No answer 2

Agree 11

Respondent (No.)

Disagree28%

No answer15%

Agree57%

Disagree

No answer

Agree

Interpretation:

By market analysis of copier used in organization ,we analyze

that 57% of people said

that speed of a machine (ppm-paper per minute) is considerable

factor while choosing

a machine and 28% peoples are disagree, 15% people was not

gave the answer.

Disagree, 35

No answer, 15

Agree, 50

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Disagree No answer Agree

Respondent (No.)

Respondent (No.)

Interpretation: By market analysis of copier used in organization ,we analyze

that 50% of people

said that MFD play a significant role when you purchasing

copier machine and 35% people disagree and 15%was not gave the answer.

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths

1. Photo copier machines are much needed then other consumer goods.

2. Photo copier machines making companies are giving very good quality

products to there customers.

3. Photo copier machines making companies are also providing best

services to its customers;

4 .photo copier machines have raised standard of working of the people. 5.

Photo copier machines advertisement is very high and every person is aware

6.photo copier machines is a covered maximum areas.

Weakness

1. Photo copier machines warranty is not very good.

2. Photo copier machines service of some companies needs some

rectification.

3. Some photo copier machines price is very high

4 .High requierment and less production.Opportunity

1. Photo copier machines making companies can cover more rural areas.

2. Photo copier machines have to be more versatile like USP compatibility.

3. Expansion of industries

Threats

1.Personal Computers and Laptops are the biggest threat

2..Chinese companies are also wrapping up the markets of photo copier

machines sector.

3. Low rate of production.

4. Less margin for distributor.

LIMITATION OF STUDY

Although I tried my best in preparation of this project, but this study has some

limitation:

1.The period of the project was not sufficient to study all the factors in deep. 

2.Visiting various places for the study consumed a lot of time.

3.We cannot say that what the consumer have revealed will be right for each

and every situation because their perception is influenced by many factors.

4.Many consumer and dealers/retailers showed less interest in providing information and haven’t cooperated.

FINDING

1. We came to know while visiting the shop most of the dealers sold entire

consumer durable product like Photo copier machines .

2. We know that during the survey in consumer durable industry in Sagar city

and rural area of Sagar city . Canon is leading in Photo copier machines sales.

3. Study shows that quality is most important parameter for more sale of photo

copier machines and then price is considered by consumers.

4. While visiting the shop we came to know that quality is most important

parameter which is affect on more sales of Photo copier machines.

5. According to Survey, is most popular brand advertisement for Photo copier

machines.

6. We came to know that while visiting the shop,canon is most preferable brand

for portable Photo copier machinesbecause of their quality.

7. While visiting the shop we know that Canon is gives high profit margin as

compare to other competitors.

SUGGESTIONS &RECOMANDETION

Company should improve the after sales service of products as it is the

main factor for the sales of consumer products.

Companies should distribute free key chain, calendar, t-shirts for making

brand popular among people.

Company should introduce low price and low power consumption photo

copier machines for acquiring the middle income group.

Dealer desire more advertisement to be done through local newspaper

and cable TV ads.  To make consumers aware about the product.

Prompt of service in time.

Advertisements of the company’s products should focus on quality rather

then price.

Company should target upper middle class or premium class customers.

Company should introduce low cost products to satisfy the needs of low

or middle class.

Demo calls as well as follow up Help Company to maintain customer

relationship and hence the company should focus on these aspects.

Canon ltd. should concentrate on after sales service.

Canon ltd. should try to trap the rural market.

Conclusions

1.As for as the entire project is concern Photo copier machine has got a very

good brand image into the market.

2.With respect to the above study and the findings thereby, the companies has

definitely entrenched into the urban market.

3.With few more concerted efforts,thesaid organization needs to enter the rural

market in order to completely establish itself all over.

4.. Canan company is leading in Photo copier machines sale than other

company.and price of canan also low.

DR. HARI SINGH GOUR UNIVERSITY SAGAR FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

QUESTIONNAIRE

Frame Name ______________________________________

Q1: Does other feature like MFD(multi function device) play a significant role when you purchasing photocopier machine? Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 12

No answer 3

Agree 5 Q2: Which brand of photocopier machine you use?Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Canon 12

Ricoh 5

Sharp 3

20

Q3: Does brand name influence your purchasing behaviour while installing the photocopier Machines?

Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Yes 16

No 4

Q4: How printing cost influence your installation decision?Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 4

No answer 10

Agree 6Q5: Does power consumption of machines is a considerable factor while choosing a machine? Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Yes 15

No 5

Q6: The speed of a machine (ppm-paper per minute) is considerable factor while choosing a Machine?Satisfaction level Respondent (No.)

Disagree 7

No answer 2

Agree 11

THANKING YOU

Place

Date Customer Signature

Bibliography

1. www.moneycontrol.com

2. www.economictimes.indiatimes.com

Books:

C.R.Kothari - Research Methodology

K.Paneersalem - Research Methodology

Philip Kotler - Marketing