Photonics research line

Josep Maria Serres Serres Ph.D.Advanced Manufacturing Systems Unit Manager

R&D SYSTEM PRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Public Research Organisations

+

Universities

Companies

Value generationKnowledge generation

EURECAT

BRIDGEBe a bridge between the researchsystem and the companies.

INTERNATIONALInternationalisecatalán R&D.

REFERENCE POINTBecome a technologypartner of reference forthe catalan companies.

TALENT POOLAttract and train talented

people to transfer to companies.

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special focus on SMEs.

REASONS FOR CREATING EURECAT.

Knowledgegeneration

Exploitation and Valorisation

Applicationand transfer

MISSION

To promote competivenessamong company and societyagents through appliedresearch, innovation and knowledge transfer.

VISION

To be in top of mind forindustrial research and

knowledge transferencein all innovation systems.

Competitive Applied R&D

VALUES

Dedication to servecompanies and our

society.

Efficiency. Applicationof corporate

management criteria.

Innovationand creativity.

Orientation towardpersons.

Orientation towardresults. Relevant

research.

Transparency and fairness when

dealing with clientsand companies.

Respect and commitment towards

the Centre.

Teamwork and respectful treatmenttoward colleagues.

EURECAT IN NUMBERS.

1,500Client companies

81Patents

8Spin-offs

160Large R&D projects

60%

40%

21% doctors

2017 data

73M€*

62M€

43M€

36M€

Income*Estimation

640 professionals

SECTORS.

Eurecat is promoted by the industry and for the industry.

Eurecat’s activity supports the implementation of“La Estrategia de Especialización Inteligente de Catalunya (RIS3CAT)”

FOOD AND NUTRITION

PUBLIC SECTOR ENERGY AND RESOURCES

AUTOMOTIVE AERONAUTICS RAILWAY MATERIALS PROCESSING & CAPITAL EQUIPMENT

CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES

TEXTILE HEALTH

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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

BIOTECHNOLOGY TRAINING SPORTS TOURISM CONSULTANCY PROMOTION AND DISSEMINATION

R&D LINES

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY AREA

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AREA BIOTECHNOLOGY AREA

Composites FunctionalPrinting & EmbeddedDevices

ProductInnovation and Development

Metalic and CeramicMaterials

PlasticMaterials

ProcessModeling & Simulation

AdvancedManufacturingSystems

Autonomous & Industrial Robotics

Sustainability FunctionalTextile

ChemicalTechnologies

Big Data & Data Science

e-Health IT Security Smart Management Systems

Audiovisual Technologies

Omic Sciences Nutrition and Health

EURECAT LOCATIONS

CANET MATARÓ REUS CERDANYOLA BARCELONA

MANRESA GIRONA LLEIDA AMPOSTA TARRAGONA

EURECAT LOCATIONS

Technological Unit:Advanced Manufacturing system

Advanced Manufacturing Systems

Research and development of Advanced Manufacturing Systems (AMS)addressed to innovative technologies, flexible manufacturing, high efficiencyand high productivity for solving industrial problems.

Photonics Ultrasounds MicrowavesAdditive

ManufacturingNew Machines & Technologies

Optical SensorsMicrofluidic DevicesLaser Sources

Microwave Induced PlasmaMicrowave Deposition ModellingMicrowave Sintering of Metals

Incremental Sheet FormingIndustrial ApplicationsEngineering & Designing

Fused Filament FabricationSelective Laser SinteringDigital Light ProcessingUltrasonic Deposition Modelling

Ultrasonic MouldingUltrasonic Deposition ModellingUltrasonic Injection

Photonics (PHO)

Development of laser sources based on solid state lasers. Materials doped with rare earthoperate in various wavelength in the range of visible and infrared. Microchip andwaveguide are compact and easy handling lasers and can be integrated in micro-optics.

Optical waveguide laser Customized lasers Microchip laser

Photonics

Development of optical sensors and microfluidic devices with photonic interrogation arean innovative technology with high potential applications. These devices are compact,allow high resolution and low cost detection. Moreover, can be implemented to the realtime detection.

Photonics

Optical sensorMicrofluidic by optical

interrogation Ice-water sensor

Photonics (PHO)

Ultrasonic Deposition Modelling (UDM)

Ultrasonic Deposition Modelling (UDM) process is a continuous plastic melt without heat.It uses ultrasounds to melt thermoplastic filament. Main advantages are low thermalinertia process and possibility to melt high performance thermoplastics which require hightemperatures.

Ultrasounds

Microwave Induced Plasma (MIP)

Microwave Induced Plasma (MIP) is an innovativetechnology with high potential applications thatgenerates heat without gas emissions.

Microwaves

Circular PlasmaGenerator

Short-Cut PlasmaGenerator

Microwave Deposition Modelling (MDM)

Microwave Deposition Modelling (MDM) is an innovative technology for consolidatingmetal powder using microwaves energy or plasma (generated by microwaves).It is possible to use same technology for Microwave Sintering of Metals (MSM).

Microwaves

Multi purpose 3D printer

Eurecat has developed amulti purpose 3D printerthat enables us changingthe printing head and printvarious materials withdifferent technologies in ancontrolled environment.• Silicone• Thermoplastic pellets

3D Printing

Additive Manufacturing (AM)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is composed of several technologies that build 3Dobjects by adding layer-upon-layer of material (plastic, metal, concrete, ..).

Additive Manufacturing

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)Thermoplastic filament

Selective Laser Melting (SLM)Metalica Powder

3 Dimensional Printing (3DP)Plaster powder

Additive Manufacturing (AM)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is composed of several technologies that build 3Dobjects by adding layer-upon-layer of material (plastic, metal, concrete, ..).

Additive Manufacturing

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)Thermoplastic filament

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)Thermoplastic powder

Digital Light Processing (DLP)Thermoset Resin

Stereolithography (SLA)Thermoset Resin

Additive Manufacturing (AM)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is composed of several technologies that build 3Dobjects by adding layer-upon-layer of material (plastic, metal, concrete, ..).

Additive Manufacturing

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)Thermoplastic filament

Stereolithography (SLA)Thermoset Resin

Photonics Research Line

Photonics

Availabletechnologies

Patents

Opportunitiespublic sector

Opportunitiesprivate sector

Visibility andpublications

Cooperativity

Photonics is one of the five key technologies of the future

Goal

Replacing the electrons by photons improve in:

✓ Reduce size and be multifunctional in a single chip.

✓ Products with less battery consumption.

✓ Real time and continuos

✓ Greater sensibility

✓ Higher performance

✓ Greater reliability

✓ More affordable than the current ones.

✓ Non-invasive

✓ Improve treatments

✓ Quantitave measurements ,…

Photonics & lasers in healthcare and medicine

Just a few examples on using photonics in healthcare.

-> Light-based therapy, for example phototherapy for dermatological conditions, photodynamic therapy etc.

-> Laser procedures in ophthalmology, for example correction of near- and far-sightedness in vision, photorefractive

keratectomy

-> General surgery such as endovascular surgery and gastro intestinal surgery

-> Oncology - laser treatments (excluding in-vivo imaging)

-> Manufacture of medical devices, for example stents and catheters

-> Genomic research and drug discovery

-> Microbiology (viral and bacterial analysis), sterilisation using light sources

-> Novel biomedical materials that change their properties after light treatment

-> In-vitro diagnostics, for example using optical microscopy and spectroscopy for cell-based studies to identify diseases

such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

-> In-vivo imaging techniques, such as X-Ray, MRI, CT, PET, photoacoustic imaging and OCT

Photonic sensorsDevelopment of newlaser sources

Microfluidics byOptical interrogation

Materials and imagescharacterization

Where we search for Challenges !!

Photonics sensors

Optical Sensor

• Based on:

1. Absorption / reflection (ppm)

2. Scattering

3. Fluorescence, phosphorescence, luminescence

• Advantages of other technologies:

1. Allowing high sensitivity

2. Simplicity

3. Low cost

4. Multifunctionality (detection, concentration, etc.))

✓This new type of photonic sensor is designed to measure small amounts of contaminants in a watery medium using SPR.

✓Optical fibers bring the light to the optical sensor, allow it to be installed anywhere, with the possibility to control it remotely.

• Using optical coatings.

• It can detect and discriminate a compound instantly.

• Continuous detection.

• It is not necessary to bring the sample to a laboratory.

ITO: Indium Tin Oxide

Sensor Concept

Epitaxial layer with different crystalline host

• P. de Coux, et al, Epitaxial ferromagnetic oxide thin films on silicon with atomically sharp interfaces, Applied Physics Letters 105:1, 2014.

Manufacture of ribbed waveguides

• by ion milling

Longitudinal and lateral views of grooved waveguides manufactured with different widths

Manufacturing process:

1. Deposition of photoresistance in the sample

2. Photolithography of the desired pattern

3. Ionic milling of (photoresistance + sample)

7 m

11 m10 m

Applications in: sensor technology

• S. Roh et al, “Overview of the Characteristics of Micro- and Nano-Structured Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors,” Sensors 11, 1565-1588, 2011.

(c) Schemes for fiberoptic sensors with a conical fiber and a D-shaped fiber (or polished fiber)

(a) Coupling based on the Kretschmannconfiguration

(b) Grid coupling

a b

c

Types of detectors by SPR

✓ With a prism. ✓ With diffraction grating ✓ With fiber or waveguide

Flush mounted ice sensor

Superficie del avión, hélice, pala, coche, o lo que sea. Puede ser aluminio, o una multicapa, o cualquier material de carrocería.

El sensor.Es un pequeño bloque de material transparente en el mid-IR, que asoma a la superficie para sensar el hielo. Va acoplado con fibras ópticas (input/output) para enviar y recibir la señal óptica.

Core GAP!!!

Surface of the plane, propeller. It can be aluminum, multilayeror any body material

The sensor.It is a small block of transparent material in themid-IR, that appears to the surface to sense the ice.It is coupled with optical fibers (input / output) tosend and receive the optical signal

Concept development for improved icing sensors

• J. Martínez et al.” Harsh‐Environment‐Resistant OH‐Vibrations‐Sensitive Mid‐Infrared Water‐Ice Photonic Sensor”, Adv. Mater. Technol. 2, 1700085, 2017.

A buried waveguide or optical cable is designed to pass below the window surface (below ice/water/air...) and senses the external changes with extreme precision (tailored depending on material, wavelength, waveguide length, depth, modality, etc...) (patent application ES P201330685)

Core GAP!!!

Graphene Q-switched Tm:KY(WO4)2 waveguide laser

• E. Kifle et al, “Graphene Q-switched Tm:KY(WO4)2 waveguide laser,” Laser Phys. 27(4), 045801 (2017).

Challenge 1. Microfluidic for detection

Technology for detecting breast cancer by means of microfluidics for photonic interrogation. System compatible for other types of cancer.

Challenge 2. SERS for Tumor Circulating DNA

Raman improved surface improvement (SERS)is a technique that offers increases in Ramanintensity, overcoming the traditionaldrawback of the Raman dispersion.

SERS can be explored on any Raman system -laser wavelength compatible with theselected metal.

Development of new laser sources

Challenge 3. New laser products / technologies

Surgical lasers, therapeutic lasers, dermatological lasers, process and cutting lasers.

Typical lasers: CO2 laser (10μm), argon laser (green) and laser Nd: YAG (~ 1μm)

Innovation with: -> Other wavelengths-> Continuous or pulsed-> Energy / power / time laser irradiation

Pulsed laser VS Continuous-wave

5/43

Heating is a big problem in many applications. Pulsed laser can solve the residual thermaldamage and improve the effectivity of thetreatment.

Images reproduced from: https://www.osapublishing.org/china/news/spot-gq9sl.inc.cfmhttp://expertlaserclinic.com/laser-treatments/skin-resurfacing

Yb:KLuW high doped laser. Thin disk configuration

• X. Mateos et al, “Thin-disk Yb:KLu(WO4)2Yb:KLu(WO4)2 laser with single-pass pumping,” Optics Letters 735, 33, No. 7, 2008.

0 3 6 9 12 15 180

2

4

6

8

10T=1%, =1033 nm, =76%

T=3%, =1031 nm, =77%

outp

ut

pow

er

[W]

absorbed power [W]

(a)

Patent transfered to Monocrom S.L. Company

Fabrication of the fs-laser-written waveguide

fs-Direct Laser Writing: Writing Parameters

120-fs, 795-nm pulses Ti:Sapphire PRF=1 kHz.

Focusing obj. 40x (N.A.=0.65).

Incident pulse energy on the crystal: 50-70 nJ.

Scan at 400 or 500 μm/s along the Ng-axis.

A monoclinic 3 at.% Tm:KLu(WO4)2

Making a true 3D-strcutures

To observe:

the material modification and stress fields.

The stress fields result in a local variation of the

optical indicatrix due to the stress-optic effect

leading to an additional phase shift for light

propagating through such a structure.

Confocal microscopy study

Confocal microscopy

P || Ng, λ=405 nm

P || Ng, A || Nm, λ=488 nm

μ-Raman mapping study

Peak intensity Peak frequency

Peak intensity, peak frequency (in cm-1) and

Peak width (in cm-1)

are almost similar in the WG core volume and in

the bulk crystal surrounding the WG.

Peak intensity reduction, peak frequency shift to

higher energy and Peak width broadens.

Reduced crystallinity in the written tracks.

The amorphized volume expands and local stress induced leading to reduced refractive index.

PQS Tm:KLuW channel WG laser (SWCNTs)

PQS Tm WG laser by evanescent coupling (SWCNTs)

SA

60 μm WG 50 μm WG

Maximum output power:

Pout= 171 mW at = 1847.4 nm

= 37.8% with respect to the absorbed pump power. Pth= 52 mW.

60 μm WG 50 μm WG

Maximum average output power:

Pout = 150 mW at 1846.8 nm with

η = 34.6% for 60 μm WG

Conversion efficiency, (CW to PQS):

87.6% and 76.3%

PQS Tm WG laser by evanescent coupling (SWCNTs)

1%Er:KLuW WG lasers

Diode pumping: 981 nm, stabilized by a volume Bragg grating (VBG).

Josep Maria Serres Serres Ph.D.Photonics Research Line in Advanced manufacturing systems