photo%pion(produc-on:(tests(of(chiral(symmetry( a.m

18
PhotoPion Produc-on: Tests of Chiral Symmetry A.M. Bernstein, MIT PEB Workshop March 15,2013 Physics Opportuni-es Photo pion produc-on: charged and neutral Proton and neutron γN > πN amplitudes test isopsin conserva-on π produc-on on D, 3He use/test few body calcula-ons elas-c ep scat > R p Compton ScaSering Few body hadronic reac-ons

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Page 1: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Photo-­‐Pion  Produc-on:  Tests  of  Chiral  Symmetry  A.M.  Bernstein,  MIT  

PEB      Workshop    March  15,2013    

Physics  Opportuni-es  Photo  pion  produc-on:  charged  and  neutral  Proton  and  neutron    γN  -­‐>  πN  amplitudes                                                                          

test  isopsin  conserva-on    π  produc-on  on  D,  3He  

 use/test  few  body  calcula-ons    

elas-c    ep  scat  -­‐>  Rp  Compton  ScaSering  

Few  body  hadronic  reac-ons      

Page 2: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Forward  Electron  ScaSering  

Page 3: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

γp  -­‐.  πop      Forward  Proton  Detector    Near  Threshold  

Page 4: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Mainz  photon  tagger  and  detector  

Page 5: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M
Page 6: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Moller Scattering

p'(MeV/c):E=1000p'(MeV/c):E=300

p'(M

eV/c

)

theta e (deg)

100,000

1,000,000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Moller count rate L =1032

cts/(10mrad):E=1000cts/(10mrad):E=300ct

s/(1

0mra

d)

theta e (deg)

Moller    background  

Page 7: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Forward  Electron  ScaSering    

•  measures  electrons  that  have  interacted  in  target  •  higher  efficiency  than  conven-onal  taggers  •  high  currents,  pure,  thin  targets  •  observe  low  energy    par-cles                                                                          

γp  -­‐>  π0p,  π+n          γn  –>  π0n,  π-­‐p          γD  -­‐>  π0D  •  coherent  p0  produc-on  in  D,  3He      measure  rela-ve  signs  of  γp  -­‐>  π0p,  γn  –π0n  amplitudes  •  low  Q2,  virtual  photons  almost  real  (transverse)  •  small  transverse  beam  spot  

Page 8: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Tagged  Photon  Experiments    Real:  limited  by  rates  in  tagger  need  thick  targets,  limits  energy  region    Virtual:  I  ≈  1  mA    can  u1lize  thin,  unpolarized  targets    p  ≈  1  mm  Hg      can  measure  low  energy  π+,  p  recoil    Virtual:  I  ≈  100  mA    E  ≈  1  GeV  can  u-lize  polarized  targets                      

Page 9: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

-19.5

-19

-18.5

-18

-17.5

-17

-16.5

-16

nD-Duke nD-Bonn piD-LAMF a_pp

a_nn

a (f

m)

Is  ann  =  app  ?        charge  symmetry  viola-on    measure  with  γD  -­‐>  nn  π+            check  anp  with  γD  -­‐>  np  π0      

π-­‐  D-­‐>  nn  π0  

Page 10: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

   γD → nnπ+

γ(�k)D → n( �p1) + n( �p2) + π+( �pπ)

�pr(θr,φr) = ( �p1 − �p2)/2

θr=0  

θr=90    

ann  

Page 11: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

polarized  photon  asymmetry      →      p  wave  amplitudes        

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180

(90

o)

E (MeV)

EMPIRICALHBCHPT

BCHPT

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180

d/d

(92

.87

o)

(!b

/sr)

E (MeV)

EMPIRICALHBCHPT

BCHPT

cross  sec1on    →    s,  p  wave  amplitudes        

γ p  -­‐>  π0  p  

Page 12: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

ChPT  works  to      ≤    170  MeV  

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195Emax (MeV)

2/dof

EmpiricalHBCHPT

BCHPT

100127

154181

208237

266297

328359

390421

452483

514

Amount of experimental data

Page 13: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

   

         

Unitary  Cusp      γp  → π0p        

β = E0+( γ p → π+n) acex( π0p ↔ π+n)

         cusp  sign  and  magnitude  

Re  E  0+      

   →  Im    E  0+      

-1.4

-1.2

-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

140 150 160 170 180 190

Re E

0+ (

10

-3/m

+)

E (MeV)

EmpiricHBChPT

RChPT

!

!"#

!"$

%"&

%"'

%## %#$ %(& %(' %'! %'# %'$ %)&

*+ ,--./0123456)!!7%#!!8----9315:;:/43<

=>?13:;1/0@:0

./01

23401A

-*+

,

B-+C1D,

Page 14: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Testing Isospin ConservationγN → πN

There are 3 isospin matrix elements,4 reaction channels.

The test of isospin conservation is:

A(γp → π+n) +A(γn → π−p)

=�(2)[A(γn → π0n)−A(γp → π0p)]

A = multipole matrix elementss wave (E0+), 3 p wave)

Page 15: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

LQCD = L0 (mq → 0) + Lm (quark mass term)"" L0 has chiral symmetry; spontaneously broken " ⇒ Nambu-Goldstone Bosons (π, η, K)" ⇒ ChPT: effective theory of QCD"" Lm =A(mu+ md) + B (mu- md) ""explicitly breaks chiral symmetry"

" isospin symmetry broken: EM interaction " (md-mu)/ΛQCD ≈ 2%" exp. tests needed"""" "

tes1ng  isospin  symmetry    

Page 16: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

G_D(dipole) G_E:q^2 = 1- q2Rp2/6

G_D G_E:q^2

G_Ep

q^2(GeV^2)

0.1

1

10

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07

elastic ep cts(Hz/msr)E= 300 MeV, L = 1032

cts(Hz/msr)

cts(

Hz/m

sr)

q^2(GeV^2)

elas-c  ep    -­‐>  Rp                            measure  protons  in  coincidence  

Page 17: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

Physics  Possibili-es  

• Photo  pion  produc-on:  charged  and  neutral •   Proton  and  neutron  amplitudes        I  spin  checks  •   Coherent  reac-ons  on  D,  3He  

• elas-c  ep  scaSering  :  Rp  • Polarized  Compton  ScaSering  • Few  body  hadronic  reac-ons  

Page 18: Photo%Pion(Produc-on:(Tests(of(Chiral(Symmetry( A.M

γ  p  →  π0  p        Mainz  data:  Hornidge..;  HBChPT:  BKM  O(p4):    Fernandez-­‐Ramirez,  AB,                    rela1vis1c  BCHPT  Hilt,  Scherer,  Tiator                    

0.00

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

d/d

(!b/

sr)

E = 146.95 MeV

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

E = 149.35 MeV

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

E = 151.68 MeV

HBCHPTBCHPT

0.02

0.05

0.08

0.11

d/d

(!b/

sr)

E = 154.03 MeV

0.05

0.10

0.15

E = 156.38 MeV

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

E = 158.72 MeV

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

d/d

(!b/

sr)

cos

E = 161.08 MeV

0.1

0.2

0.3

-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

cos

E = 163.44 MeV

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

cos

E = 165.78 MeV