photosynthesis photosynthesis is a process which light energy is used in the synthesis of organic...
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process which light energy is used in the synthesis
of organic molecules.
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Water + carbon dioxide +light energy
=
Oxygen + glucose
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The role of chloroplasts in Photosynthesis.
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• Chloroplast is an organelle in the leaf of a plant that contain the thylakoid cells and the stroma. These are shown on the following diagram.
• Here 2 important reactions take place. The light dependant reactions take place in the thylakoid cells and the light independent in the stroma.
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Chloroplasts
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What happens in the light dependent reactions.
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• Electrons in the chloroplast gain energy from sunlight , this energy is used to add a phosphate group to ADP making ATP.
• The energy is used also used in the photolysis of water to split it into oxygen and hydrogen molecules
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• The electrons, protons and energy for the light dependent reactions are used to make NaDPH2.
• The ATP/NADPH2 from the Light Dependent reactions enter the light independent reactions.
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What happens in the light independent reactions.
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The light independent reactions occur at night for only a few seconds due to limited amounts of ATP and
supply of NADPH2.
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Role of NADPH2 and ATP
Energy from ATP and electrons from NADPH2 are used to reduce carbon
dioxide and build it to sugars
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The following cycle is called the Calvin cycle.
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• This is called Fixing the carbon dioxide. The carbohydrates(sugars) are in a form of RuBP.
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• The following cycle is called the Calvin cycle.
• What happens in the Calvin cycle?
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• RuBP with the addition of carbon dioxide splits into 2 moles of GP. For GP to be turned to Carbohydrates it requires ATP and NADPH2. The NADPH2 give up its electrons which enter the GP molecules making GALP.
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GALP
GALP is converted to a whole series of mostly sugars, some lipids and
some Proteins.
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• Also some GALP is regenerated back to RUBP if sufficient amounts of NADPH2 and ATP are provided.