HTML

HTML is a not a scripting language or programming language But it is a simply markup language .this markup language with the pair of markup tags. The firstTag is known as opening tag (or) starting tag. The second tag is known as closing (or) end tag.HTML are used to describe the web pagesHTML can be written in notepad, notepad++, dream viewer, adov and cs5 HTML file can be saved with .html as its extensionThe look end of an web page should be same on the all browsers. If it is not same the cross browser compatibility

Tags in html: -Heading tags are h1, h2...h6Ex: - welcome to html . . welcome to html: - this tag is used for horizontal line
: - this tag is used for break: - this tag is used for paragraph content: - this tag is used for bold content: - this tag is used for italic content: - this tag is used for connect the style sheets: - this tag is used for JavaScript: - this tag is used for big content: - this tag is used for strong content: - this tag is used for blink content: - this tag is used for delete the content: - this tag is used for strike : - this tag is used for underline content: - this tag is used for insert content: - this tag is used for quotation content: - this tag is used for super contentEx: - (a+b) 2: - this tag is used for subscript contentEx: - h2oEntities: -Entities are used to describe the symbols (or) special characters on to the web page. We have certain symbols are not available on the keyboard. So such symbols can be inserting through entities. We have mainly two types of entities they are1. Named Entity2. Number Entity1. Named Entity: -Syntax: - Ampersand + entity name + semicolonEx: -$2. Number Entity: -Syntax: - Ampersand + hash + ascci value+ semicolonEx: - A =>A =>Trademark: tm List Tags: -List tags are two types1. Order list: - Grouping of elements in the form of order wise through number, upper alpha (A) lower alpha (a), upper roman, lower roman is known as order listEx: - Order list.htmlList TagsOrdered ListNokiaMototolaLG-MobileSony2. Unorder list: - Grouping of elements in the form of disk, square circle are known as unorder listEx: - unorder list.htmlList TagsUnordered ListPHPHTMLJOOMLAMySQLDefination ListTerms & Conditionssome large text matter write here Definition list: - this is used to maintain the heading the description on to the tag this is dl Definition term: - definition term creates the headingDefinition description: -which holds to the description of the content this is ddDt and dd tags are both child tags of DLMeta tag: - Meta tag is used generate the traffic on to your web page. Meta tags can be embed into the head tag using Meta tag Meta tag helps in search engine ranking on Google page and PTC(pay to click)Ex: - Meta.htmlMeta TagsWe have changed our Website Name from UTI Bank to AXIS Bank ... Sorry for incontinent Please wait for 5 sec it would be Automatically be RedirectedLink tags: - links are used to navigate from one page to another page using inter (or) external linksThe attributes we can pass areTarget = -blank // new web pageTarget = -new // new web pageTarget = -self // open on same pageLinks can also we target to mails and also we search the link on same pageEx: - linktag.htmlLink TagsLinks NavigationGoogle page || Facebook Page || Tags ContentMail ConceptContact Us
Contact Support & AdminNavigating to Search the LinkFAQwhat is html ?
what is php ?
what is joomla ?
what is ajax ?
what is mysql ?
what is jquery ?
what is java script ?
Answer 01: write here some large text matterBack to TopAnswer 02: write here some large text matterBack to TopAnswer 03: write here some large text matterAnswer 04: write here some large text matter Answer 05: write here some large text matterImage tags: - images can be embed into the body tag using image tag. Images have extension of jpg, png, gif etcPlacing on image on to the web page can be done by two types they are1. Absolute path: - working from the working directory you can call the image from any ware with respect its parent directory (or) out of the parent directory (or) external filesEx:-image tagsimage tagsabsolute path2. Relative path: - using relative path you can work with images on to the same current working directory (or) sub folders did not out of your parent directoryEx: -image tagsimage tagsrelation tags

Tables create: - tables are used to put down content in tabular structure. Table tag can be embed into your body tag using table row table data (or) content The general attributes that we can pass in tables areBorder = Width = Height = Cell padding = Cell spacing = Align = left/center/rightBackground = image pathFames = box/group/lhs/rhs/above/below/vsides/hsidesRules = all/middle/bottomColspan =Rowspan = Bgcolor = color nameEx: -table createmployee detailsls.noNamedesignation1sureshphp programmerCell padding: - cell padding is used to maintain the distance between its content and from its wall (or) borderCell spacing: - cell spacing is used to increase the wall (or) the borderFrame set: - frame set we can divide the body into no of divisions that are passed as an argument based on rows (or) cols working with frame set you should ensure that body tag in not givenNote: - frame set is a depreciated tag and would be working with feature versionsEx: -Frameset TagsIframes: -Ex: -Iframes TagsList Page | Links Page

Created registration form: - registration.htmlRegister FormNew Registration FormFirst name:E-Mail:Password:Confirm Password:Gender *: Male Female Hobbies: Playing Reading SingingCountry:Please selectINDIAUSAUnited KingdomAddress:Image Upload: CssCss stands for cascading style sheet. Css is used to put some styles (or) colors on to the web page. Css can be embed into the html head tag using style tag. There are mainly 3 different flavors to attach this style on to the web page. Which are mainly1. Internal style sheet2. External style sheet3. in-line style sheet1. Internal style sheet: -An internal style sheet should be used when a single document has a unique style. You define internal styles in the head section of an HTML page, by using the tag, like this:hr {color:sienna;}p {margin-left:20px;}body {background-image:url("images/back40.gif");}2. External style sheet: -An external style sheet is ideal when the style is applied to many pages. With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire Web site by changing one file. Each page must link to the style sheet using the tag. The tag goes inside the head section:An external style sheet can be written in any text editor. The file should not contain any html tags. Your style sheet should be saved with a .css extension. An example of a style sheet file is shown below:hr {color:sienna;}p {margin-left:20px;}body {background-image:url("images/back40.gif");}3. in-line style sheet: -An inline style loses many of the advantages of style sheets by mixing content with presentation. Use this method sparingly!To use inline styles you use the style attribute in the relevant tag. The style attribute can contain any CSS property. The example shows how to change the color and the left margin of a paragraph:This is a paragraph.We have one more style which is given by default by browsers which is not editable External style sheet can be saved with .css as its extensionSyntax: -(Attributes) element (or) class (or) id {property: value ;}CSS SyntaxA CSS rule has two main parts: a selector, and one or more declarations:The selector is normally the HTML element you want to style.Each declaration consists of a property and a value.The property is the style attribute you want to change. Each property has a value.Selector: - selector are identifiers which give styles based on elements, class (denoted by period .), id (denoted by #) based on selectors we have Element selector Class selector Class with element selector Id selector Id with element selector Attribute selector Pseudo selectorElement selector: -Ex: - element.htmlElement Selectorh1{color:green;}Welcome to my WebsiteClass selector: -The class selector is used to specify a style for a group of elements. Unlike the id selector, the class selector is most often used on several elements. This allows you to set a particular style for many HTML elements with the same class. The class selector uses the HTML class attribute, and is defined with a "."In the example below, all HTML elements with class="center" will be center-aligned:Ex: - class-selector.html & Class with element selector: -Element Selectorh1{color:green;} //element selector.x{color:red;} // class selector//.x{font-family:impact;} p.x{font-size:20pt;color:black;} // Class with element selectorWelcome to my WebsiteThis is new Website hello This is my next line Hello my next pageRajeshId selector: -The id selector is used to specify a style for a single, unique element.The id selector uses the id attribute of the HTML element, and is defined with a "#".The style rule below will be applied to the element with id="para1":Ex: - id-selector.html & id with element selectorElement Selectorh1{color:green;} //element selector.x{color:red;} // class selector//.x{font-family:impact;}p.x{font-size:20pt;color:black;} // Class with element selector#g{background:green;} //id selectorp#g{text-transform:uppercase;} //id with element selectorWelcome to my WebsiteThis is new Website hello This is my next line Hello my next pageRajeshAmithDavidPraveenKarthikAttribute selector: -Ex: - attribute.htmlElement Selector.x{color:deeppink;font-family:impact;}input[type='text']{color:deeppink;}Name :
username :
Pseudo selector: -Ex: - pseudo.htmlElement Selectorp:first-letter{font-size:30pt;color:deeppink;font-family:arial black;}p:first-line{color:orange;}This is my first email to all you guys his is my first email to all you guys his is my first email to all you guys his is my first email to all you guys his is my first email to all you guys Ex2: - pseudo2.htmlElement Selectora{font-size:20pt;font-weight:bold;}a:link{color:red;}a:visited{color:green;}a:active{color:blue;}a:hover{color:deepskyblue;text-decoration:none;}Selector | ElementsCss ex: -first css pageH1{color : green;} welcome to my web site some large text matter this is my next element Css sheat sheet: - Font-styles :- font-style : italic,normalfont-variant : small-caps,narmal,small,caps(capital letters)font-weight : normal,lighter,bold, bolder, number(100->light, 900->bolder)font-size : px;font-family : family of fontEx: -First CSS Page.x{font-style:italic;font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:900;font-size:16px;font-family:courier new;}//.y{font:normal normal 100 20pt courier new;}some large text matter some large text matter Text properties:- 1. letter-spacing : px2. word-spacing : px3. line-height : px4. text-align : left/center/right/justify ->order from left (or) right5. text- decoration : name, blink,underline,overline,line-through6. text-transform : capitalize(upper case/lower case(everything convert))7.text-indent : : px (distance from line to first letter) The text-align property is used to set the horizontal alignment of a text. Text can be centered, or aligned to the left or right, or justified. When text-align is set to "justify", each line is stretched so that every line has equal width, and the left and right margins are straight (like in magazines and newspapers). The text-decoration property is used to set or remove decorations from text. The text-decoration property is mostly used to remove underlines from links for design purposes: The text-transform property is used to specify uppercase and lowercase letters in a text.It can be used to turn everything into uppercase or lowercase letters, or capitalize the first letter of each word. The text-indentation property is used to specify the indentation of the first line of a text.Ex: -text.htmlFirst CSS Page.x{letter-spacing:1px;word-spacing:3px;line-height:1.1em;text-indent:80px;text-align:justify;text-decoration:none;text-transform:capitalize;}some large text matter Background property: -CSS background properties are used to define the background effects of an element.background-color : color name;CSS background properties are used to define the background effects of an element.background-image : url(image path name);The background-image property specifies an image to use as the background of an element.By default, the image is repeated so it covers the entire element.The background image for a page can be set like this:background-repeat : no-repeat,reapt-x,reapt-y,repeat(*);By default, the background-image property repeats an image both horizontally and vertically.Some images should be repeated only horizontally or vertically, or they will look strange, like this: background-attachment : fixed,scroll;background-position :{x,y}left,center,right,bottom,topWhen using a background image, use an image that does not disturb the text.Showing the image only once is specified by the background-repeat property://background : order wiseEx: -First CSS Page/*body{background-color:silver;background-image:url(2.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:fixed;background-position:280px 80px;}*/body{background:gold url(2.png) no-repeat fixed right bottom;} some large text matter some large text matter. some large text matter. some large text matter. some large text matter.List properties: -list-style-type : none,disk,circle,square,decimal,upper-alpha,lower-alpha,upper-roman,lower-roman;list-style-position : outside (*) / inside;list-style-image:url(image path name);Ex: - listproperties.htmlFirst CSS Pageul.x{background:#ccc;list-style-type:none;list-style-position:outside;list-style-image:url(tick.png);}ul.x li{background:gold;padding:5px;margin:2px;}ul.x li.c{list-style-image:url(cross.png);}We Train PHPWe Train CMS that is Joomla,DrupalWe Train SAPWe don't Train .NETWe don't Train Ruby on RailsBox properties: - Padding : inside elementMargin auto = centerOverflow = visible (*), hidden, auto, scrollEx: -BOX properties//body{margin:0px;}p{text-align:center;}.z{background:#ccc;padding:15px;width:50%;height:80px;margin:auto;overflow:auto;text-align:justify;}Terms & ConditionsSome large text matterBorder: -border-width : px;border-style : solid,groove,inset,outset,double,dotted,dashed;border-color : //border: order wiseEx: - border.htmlBOX properties.a{border-width:5px;border-style:solid;border-color:gold;}.b{border:10px dashed red;padding:10px;}.c{border-bottom:5px double black;padding:10px;}This is a place for social network where people would have the choices to vote there viewsThis is a place for social network where people would have the choices to vote there viewsThis is a place for social network where people would have the choices to vote there viewsDiv tag: - div tag stand for division tag div tag is the block level element. A block level element creates a block with coming left and right breaks in itEx:- div tag, p tag, h1 to h6, table tag, ul and li tagsIn-line element: - these particular elements will take the content span only and does not have breaks init Span tag is the natural tagEx: -in-line elementh1 {background : green; display : inline;}b{Background: gold;}a.{text-align : center; background : yellow; display : block;}hellohellohellohellohellohello converting block & inline & respectively helloDisplay property: -Visibility : - we have visible (or) hiddenDisplay: - none, in-line, block;Padding : - px all sidesPadding: top left 0px 0px Bottom rightMargin: all sidesMargin : top right bottom left 0px 0px 0px 0pxEx: -display propertydiv{background:blue;color:#fff;padding:10px;font-size:20pt;margin:2px;}.h{visibility:hidden;}.v{visibility:visible;}//.n{display:none;background:#ddd}//.i{display:inline;}Normal ElementHidden ElementVisible Element

Display ElementPlease Pay the Bill to avoid late payment chargesDisplay Inline ElementTemplates: -Position properties: - position in css we have absolute relative and fixed positionRelative position: - working from the current position we can move the element any ware on to the web page but cannot be moved on the top of the position placeAbsolute & fixed position: - placing from the current position we can move the element to all corner of the web page and also one top of the position place .once an element declare as fixed (or) absolute this will turn to in-line element and this will also carry 7 index initEx: - position.htmlPosition propertiesdiv{background:blue;color:#fff;font-size:17pt; font-weight:bold;padding:10px;margin:4px;}.r{background:gold;color:#000;position:relative;left:30px;top:120px;}.a{background:blue;position:absolute;top:50px;left:6px;}.f{background:deeppink;color:#000;position:fixed;bottom:0px;right:0px;}Normal PositionAbsolute PositionRelative PositionFixed Positionsome large text matter some large text matter some large text matter some large text matter Hmenu: -Ex: - hmenu.htmlPosition propertiesul#hmenu{list-style-type:none;text-align:center;margin-top:50px;}ul#hmenu li{display:inline;margin:0px -2px;}ul#hmenu li a{text-decoration:none;font-size:17pt;padding:10px 20px;font-weight:bold;}ul#hmenu li a:link,ul#hmenu li a:visited,ul#hmenu li a:active{background:#000;color:#fff;}ul#hmenu li a:hover{background:#ddd;color:#000;}HomeAbout-UsProductsContact UsLoginVmenu: -Ex: - vmenu.htmlPosition propertiesul#vmenu{list-style-type:none;padding:0px;background:gold;width:120px;margin:0px;}ul#vmenu li a{text-decoration:none;}HomeAbout-UsProductsContact UsLoginAbout: -Ex:- aboutus.htmlWeb Layoutbody{margin:0px;}div{background:brown;color:#fff;}.h{text-align:center;}.l{background:green;width:150px;float:left;}.r{background:green;width:150px;float:right;}.m{background:#fff;color:#000;margin:0px 150px;padding:20px;text-align:justify;}div.m img#img1{float:right;}div.m img#img2{float:right;padding:10px;clear:both;}HeadingHomeAbout-UsProductsContact UsLoginRight ContentWe Are in About us PageLayout: -Ex: -Web Layoutbody{margin:0px;}div{background:brown;color:#fff;}.h{text-align:center;}.l{background:green;width:150px;float:left;}.r{background:green;width:150px;float:right;}.m{background:#fff;color:#000;margin:0px 150px;padding:20px;text-align:justify;}div.m img#img1{float:right;}div.m img#img2{float:right;padding:10px;clear:both;}HeadingHomeAbout-UsProductsContact UsLoginRight Contentsome large text matter write here JavaScript JavaScript is client side scripting language. JavaScript is the case sensitive. JavaScript can be used for AJAX integration and validation. JavaScript can be embed into the head tag and body tag using script tag JavaScript can be saved with .js as its extension.Content: Variables Datatypes Operators (Assignment, Arthamatic, Post/Pre [Inc/Dec], Comparission, Relational, Conditional, Logical,Ternary) Alert,prompt,confirm Built in Functions (Arrays,Date,Math,String) DOM (Document Object Module) Navigator,images,screen,location,history Document (getElementById, getElementsByTagName, getElementsByName) Events : General Events (onclick(), ondblclick(), onload(), onunload(), onreset(), onsubmit(), onfocus(), onblur(), onchange()) Mouse Events (onmouseover(), onmousemove(), onmousedown(), onmouseout() ) Key Board Events (onkeyup() , onkeydown() )Document. write (): - document.write is the printing method in javascript.which will output statement to the browserEx: -first.htmldocument.write('This is Called from Head Tag
');Welcomedocument.write('This is Called from Body Tag
');ext.js:-document.write('This is called from External Page');Variables: - variable are case sensitive. Declaring a variable in JavaScript we have used with var variable name = value;Variables are "containers" for storing information.Ex: - var a = 10; var = defaultThe correct method to declare areVar a = 10;Var_a = 10;Var first-name = suresh;Var firstName = suresh;Var $name = suresh;Wrong method:-Var #name = suresh;Var 1a = 10; Var first name = suresh;Ex: -variables.htmldocument.write('This is Called from Head Tag
'); firstName = 10;document.write('The Value of a is :'+firstName+'');WelcomeData types: -String: - collection of characters inside a single (or) double cotation are known as string working with single cotation and adding double cotation in it is valid.but adding single cotation inside a single cotation is not validEx: -datatypes.htmlvar a = 10;document.write(''+a);document.write(' - ');document.write(typeof(a));document.write('
');var f = 10.25;document.write(f);document.write(' - ');document.write(typeof(f));document.write('
');firstname = 'Rajesh';document.write(firstname+' - '+typeof(firstname)+'
');firstname = firstname+' Kumar';document.write(firstname+' - '+typeof(firstname)+'
');firstname += 'B';document.write(firstname+' - '+typeof(firstname)+'
');document.write('String Methods');document.write('i\'ll Pay the Bill Tomorrow');WelcomeOperators:-Assignment operator: - = is used to assign values.The assignment operator = is used to assign values to JavaScript variables.Assignment operators are used to assign values to JavaScript variables.Ex:-document.write('Assignment Operator');var x = 10;document.write("The Value is : "+x);Arithmetic operator: - The arithmetic operator + is used to add values together.Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic between variables and/or values.Ex: -document.write('Arthamatic Operator');a = 5; b = 3;document.write("Addition : "+(a+b)+'
');document.write("Multiplication : "+(a*b)+'
');document.write("Division : "+(a/b)+'
');document.write("Minus : "+(a-b)+'
');document.write("Modulus : "+(a%b)+'
');Comparison operator: - Comparison operators are used in logical statements to determine equality or difference between variables or values. Ex: -ocument.write('comparision Operator');if(10 != '10'){document.write('Correct');}else {document.write('Not Correct');}document.write('Post & Pre Increment');m = 10;n = (m++)+(++m)+(m++)+(++m);document.write('The Value of m is : '+m+'
The Value of n is : '+n+'
');Relational operator: - < , > , =Logical operator: - &&(and) -- ||(or)Ternary operator: - Syntax: - Var a= 10;Type = (a%2 == 0)? even number: odd number;//document.write(the value you entered is : +type);document.write(type);Ex: - ternary.htmlvar x = 11;type = (x%2==0)?'Even Number':'Odd Number';document.write("The Value you have Entered is : "+type+'');student = 'kalpana';perc = 35;gender = 'f';status = (perc>55)?'Pass':'Fail';document.write(student+' you have '+status+'ed the Exam. '+((gender == 'm')?'He':'She')+' Has got '+perc+'% in the Exam');Ex of pay bill: -.x{background:#ddd;color:deeppink;font-weight:bold;font-family:arial black;letter-spacing:5px;margin:auto;width:60%;padding:10px;text-align:justify;}credit = 101;curr_date = 15;pay_date = 13;if(credit > 100 && ((curr_date-pay_date0))){document.write("Please Pay the Bill to avoide Late Payment Charges");}some large text write here Conditions: -If else: - whenever a condition is if it is true that part of the constructor will be excuted.if condition is fail else part would get executed Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditions use this statement to execute some code if the condition is true and another code if the condition is falseSyntax: - If (cond) { //code } else { // code };If else if: - if else if (or) ladder condition will take more than one condition (or) multiple conditions. If all the conditions fail in if else if constructor then only else part get executed use this statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executedSyntax: - If(cond) { //code } else if (cond) { //code } else if (cond) { //code } . . . else { //default value; }Switch: - use the case in-order wise. this is main concept in switch case use this statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditions. Use the switch statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed.Syntax: - switch(n) { case 1 execute code block 1 break; case 2: execute code block 2 break; default: code to be executed if n is different from case 1 and 2 } Ex: -type = 'ddlj';switch (type){case 'Ravan':document.write('This is a good Movie ... Review Rating is : 5 star
');break;case 'Titanic':document.write('This is a Holly wood Movie ... Review Rating is : 5 star
');break;case 'don':document.write('This is a good Movie ... Review Rating is : 4 star
');break;case 'rambo':document.write('This is a good Movie ... Review Rating is : 3 star
');break;case 100:document.write('This is a 100 good Movie ... Review Rating is : 3 star
');break;case 1:document.write('This is a 3 good Movie ... Review Rating is : 3 star
');break;case 2:document.write('This is a 2 good Movie ... Review Rating is : 3 star
');break;default:document.write('Movie information is not Available
');break;}Looping methods: - While: do-while: Syntax: Syntax: Initialize method Initialize While (cond) do { { //code //code } }While: - Working with while loops it will first check the initialize part and checks the condition. If condition is true it will get into the constructor and takes place until condition fail and comes out of the constructor. loops through a block of code while a specified condition is trueDo-while: -this will also checks the initialize part .but for only first time it will get into the constructor and execute the code and checks the conditions later and if condition is true looping takes place (or) else it come out of the constructor with at least single time execution codeFor-loop: - for loop first initialize condition an inc/dec will be done on same (single) line for the every first time it will initialize with part them check within condition if condition is true the constructor will get excuted.condition fail will come out of the for loop (constructor) Loops execute a block of code a specified number of times, or while a specified condition is true.Syntax: - For (initialize; condition; inc/dec ) { //code }Ex: -document.write("Day - ");document.write("Day");day = 1;while(day=1920;year--){document.write(""+year+"");}document.write("");Array: - a variable which can hold more than one value is none as array (or) super variable as array can be defined is JavaScript as Var a = new Array (values); // a->super variable To fined the length of the array we can go with length = array name.length; If the array index is been initialize more than the current index++ then memory is vested in JavaScript In arrays initializing string index the printing method will not work in JavaScriptEx: - document.write() (or) looping method will not able to print string indexes While, do-while , for-loop will not print string indexes in JavaScript so to print string indexes we can go withSyntax: - for (var name in Array name) For it is key word in JavaScript which will print the string index The Array object is used to store multiple values in a single variable. An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value, at a time.Create an ArrayAn array can be defined in three ways. The following code creates an Array object called myCars:1: var myCars=new Array(); // regular array (add an optional integermyCars[0]="Saab"; //argument to control array's size)myCars[1]="Volvo";myCars[2]="BMW";2: var myCars=new Array("Saab","Volvo","BMW"); // condensed array3: var myCars=["Saab","Volvo","BMW"]; // literal arrayEx: - Array.htmlvar a = new Array(10,20,30,40);document.write('The Array is : '+a+'
');document.write('Length of Array : '+a.length+'
');document.write('Index at 2 : '+a[2]+'
');a[2] = a[2]*2;document.write('The Array is : '+a+'
');a[4] = 'New Value';document.write('The Array is : '+a+'
');var b = new Array();b[0] = 100;b[1] = 200;b[2] = 300;b[3] = 400;b['Name'] = 'Rajesh';b['Age'] = 30;b[7] = 700;b[10] = 1000;document.write('Single string Index : '+b['Name']+'');document.write('The Array is : '+b+'
');for(i=0;i Get Element ByIdDOCUMENTS-----------> GetElementByTagNameNAVIGATOR------------ > GetElementByNameEMBEDEx: -dom.htmlfunction dochange(){document.testForm.fname.value = alert("Please Enter");document.testForm.fname.value = 'Enter Name';document.testForm.lname.style.border="2px solid red";document.testForm.lname.style.width="200px";}First Name :
Last Name :
Get Element ById:- this particular function will match the id of the element and that particular matching function will get executedEx: - getElementById.htmlfunction dochange(){var x = document.getElementById('test').value;document.getElementById('test').value = x.toUpperCase();document.getElementById('test').style.color = 'red';}First Name :
First Name : GetElementByTagName:- this particular function will match tag name and excute the function which we are passing as a tag nameEx: - getElementsByTagName.htmlfunction dochange(){var a = document.getElementsByTagName('div');for(i=0;i10){m = s.substr(0,10);document.testForm.Msg.value = m;c = 0;}document.testForm.count.value = c;}Gallery create: -Ex: - gallery.htmlGallery Thumb ViewGallery.css: -body{background:lightblue;margin:0px;}.header{background:darkblue;height:80px;color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:18pt;font-family:courier new;letter-spacing:5px;font-weight:bold;line-height:70px;}.thumb{text-align:center;margin:20px 0px 10px 0px;}.thumb img{width:120px;height:100px;cursor:pointer;}.big{text-align:center;}.big img{width:400px;height:300px;}.butob{margin-bottom:10px;}.buto{font-size:18pt;padding:8px 20px;background:#000;color:#fff;}.buto:hover{background:#ddd;color:#000;cursor:pointer;}gallery.js: -function alterImage(id,source){document.getElementById(id).src = source;}function zoom(id,type){var min_W = 120;var min_H = 100;var max_W = 1000;var max_H = 900;var n_W = 400;var n_H = 300;img = document.getElementById(id);var curr_W = parseInt(img.width);var curr_H = parseInt(img.height);switch (type){case '+':new_W = curr_W+(curr_W*.1);new_H = curr_H+(curr_H*.1);break;case '-':new_W = curr_W-(curr_W*.1);new_H = curr_H-(curr_H*.1);break;case '0':new_W = n_W;new_H = n_H;break;}if((new_Wmax_H)){}else {img.style.width = new_W;img.style.height = new_H;}}DHTML: -innerHTML.htmlfunction showText(v){document.getElementById('Msg').innerHTML = v;}First Name : innerHTML2.htmlfunction showText(v){len = v.length;//alert(len);if(lenplatform(windows,linux,mac,solaries) a----------------------------->apache(web server) m---------------------------->mysql(database file) p---------------------------->perl(perl scripting in php) p---------------------------->php/my admin (web database tool) php current version is 5.3.8wamp: - wamp stands for w---------------------------->window exv a----------------------------->apache(web server) m---------------------------->mysql(database file) p---------------------------->php/my admin (web database tool)Mamp: - mamp stands for m----------------------------->mac os a----------------------------->apache(web server) m---------------------------->mysql(database file) p---------------------------->php/my admin (web database tool)Apache contain the 1-65535 ports 1-1024 pre-reserved portsTem: - temp holds session details & temp upload filesHtdocs: - after installing xampp we have to store our files into the folder called htdocs. Once files are saved in htdocs we can open with the location path as http://localhost/abc(folder name)/first.php echo:-echo is the output method in phpBasic PHP Syntax: -echo javascript way of writtting php
; Comments in PHPIn PHP, we use // to make a one-line comment or /* and */ to make a comment block: Printing methods in php: -Echo:-echo as the arguments can print multiple arguments. Echo as a function can print only one argumentPrint: -print as an argument can print only one argument.print also a functionEx: - printarg
;Printf: - printf will take formatting string with respected values as printEx: -printf((int%d) (float%f) (string %s) (asci%c));Print-r: - print-r will print array of stringEx: - $g = array (10,20,30,true,kalam);Print-r($g);Var-dump: -it is also printing method which is used debugging the errors very easily. This not used in production level (live environmental)Ex: - var-dump($g);Printing Methods in PHPControlling: -Ex: - controlling.phpb{color:green;}This is Bold TagAlternate MethodThe 1st is Executed
The 2nd is Executed
Variables: - Variables are "containers" for storing information. Variables in PHP starts with a $ sign, followed by the name of the variable The variable name must begin with a letter or the underscore character A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _) A variable name should not contain spaces Variable names are case sensitive (y and Y are two different variables)Ex: - variables.phpVariables in phpvar a = 15;document.write('The Value of a is : '+a+'
'); In PHP, a variable does not need to be declared before adding a value to it. In the example above, notice that we did not have to tell PHP which data type the variable is. PHP automatically converts the variable to the correct data type, depending on its value. In a strongly typed programming language, you have to declare (define) the type and name of the variable before using it.PHP has four different variable local global staticLocal variable: - A variable declared within a PHP function is local and can only be accessed within that function.Ex:- localvariable.phpStatic variable: - When a function is completed, all of its variables are normally deleted. However, sometimes you want a local variable to not be deleted.To do this, use the static keyword when you first declare the variable.Ex: - staticvariable.phpGlobal variable: - Global scope refers to any variable that is defined outside of any function.Global variables can be accessed from any part of the script that is not inside a function.To access a global variable from within a function, use the global keyword:Ex: - global.php4. Super global array of variable: -$global is the super global array variable. This is the pre-defined keyword. In php we have mainly some of the super global variables. This can be used with their keywords.i) $_EVN: - this is used for getting the information of your operating system ($_ENV (PATH))ii) $_SERVER: - will give you the information about your server(apache information)iii) $_GET: - it is used for form processing through get method (or) query stringiv) $_POST: -this is used for form processing through post method in secure mannerv) $_REQUEST: -will send the form through both get and post and cookievi)$_COOKIE: - this is used to get the information about the browser who is using the web(computer)vii)$_SESSION: -it is used to get the information of the user in between login and logout details are store at server machineOperators:-1. Assignment operator: = is used to assign values to variables in PHP2. Arithmetic operator: +,-,/,*,%3. Increment & decrement operator: i++,++I & i--, --i4. Comparison operator: ==,!= ,=== 5. Relational operator: =, 6. Logical operator: &&, ||, and, or7. Error handling operator: -8. scope resolution & this operator: ::----->scope, &------->thisEx: -operator.phpType costing: - conversion of the one data type into another data type is known as type costing. in php we have mainly two types of costing1. Temporary type costing2. Permanent type costing1. Temporary type costing: - costing which can be done for single step by pre-defined the data type keyword. That particular variable will hold Temporary type costingEx : - temporary.php2. Permanent type costing: - this can be done by using pre-defined key-word set type.which hold two arguments Syntax: - set type (var name,int);Ex: - Permanent type costing.phpType juggling: -conversion of data types by using expression to another data types are known as type jugglingEx: -typejuggling.phpVariable validation function: -i) Isset: -Isset of variables will check with the variable initialize are not and return Booleanii) empty(var name): - empty function will check the variable are not and return Booleaniii) Unset (var name): -this function will remove the variable (or) delete the variable (or) initialize variableiv) get type(var name): - this function will let us known the argument the data type in the form of string .this should be used because the coming variable this would be depreciatedEx: -variable_validation.phpData types: -php supports mainly 8 kinds of data types among which four are stable data types, two are compound data types and another two are special data typesStable data types: -i) int (or) integerii) Float (or) real (or) decimaliii) Boolean data typesiv) string data typesi) int (or) integer:- all non decimal values . range in between 2(32-1) to -2(32-1)ex: -ii) Float (or) real (or) decimal: -all decimal values. Range in between 10(38) to 10(-38)ex: -iii) Boolean data types: -boolean data types written in the form of true (or) falseEx: -iv) String data types: - a collection of characters enclose in between single (or) double cotations are known as string data typesEx: -Compound data types: - compound data types again two types 1. Array data type2. Object data type1. Array data type: - array data type which can hold more than one value. In php we have mainly 3 kinds of arraysi) Numerical arrayii) Associative arrayiii) Mixed array Declaring an array in php can be done by two types array as the function array as a square bracketi) Numerical array: -A numeric array stores each array element with a numeric index.There are two methods to create a numeric array.1. In the following example the index are automatically assigned (the index starts at 0):$cars=array("Saab","Volvo","BMW","Toyota"); 2. In the following example we assign the index manually:$cars[0]="Saab";$cars[1]="Volvo";$cars[2]="BMW";$cars[3]="Toyota"; Ex: - ii) Associative array: - An associative array, each ID key is associated with a value.When storing data about specific named values, a numerical array is not always the best way to do it.With associative arrays we can use the values as keys and assign values to them.Example 1In this example we use an array to assign ages to the different persons:$ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34); Example 2This example is the same as example 1, but shows a different way of creating the array:$ages['Peter'] = "32";$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";$ages['Joe'] = "34"; The ID keys can be used in a script: The code above will output:Peter is 32 years old. iii) Mixed array: - mixed array is nothing but combination of numerical & associative array are known as mixed arrayEx:- mixedarrays.php2. Object data type: - object is an instance of class. Class can be denoted with in class name. Collection of variables and functions are known as class. Calling class name should be create an object variable then that particular variable is known as object variableEx: -Special data types: - special data types are again two types i) Resource data typesii) Null data typesi) Resource data types:- resource data type is calling an external variable value into another variable using (&) resource variableii) Null data types:- this is the pre-defined key-word data type. When a variable not initialize and by asking through printing method. This will result in null value ex: -Constant: Define: - define is the pre-defined key-word in php. This will take two arguments. The first argument being the constant identifier which identifier its second argument value. We can pass third argument as Boolean to make case in-sensitiveEx:- constant.phpAbout uswe at are in training ........Contact Us street ......FAQwhat we do at Conditions: - Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditionsIf condition: IN PHP IN PERL If (cond) if (cond) : { //code //code else if (code) : } //code else if (cond) else (cond) : { //code //code end else if ; } else (cond) { //code }Switch condition: -Syntax: - switch (cond) : switch (cond): { | Case1 : | //code | Break; | Case2: //code | Break; end switch; | | Default: //code }Ex: - While condition: - The while loop executes a block of code while a condition is true Syntax: - While (cond) while (cond): { //code inc/dec //const code inc/dec endwhile }Ex: - Output:The number is 1The number is 2The number is 3The number is 4The number is 5Do-while condition: - The do...while statement will always execute the block of code once, it will then check the condition, and repeat the loop while the condition is true.Syntax: - Do do: { //code inc/dee //code endoowhile(cond); } While (cond)ExampleThe example below defines a loop that starts with i=1. It will then increment i with 1, and write some output. Then the condition is checked, and the loop will continue to run as long as i is less than, or equal to 5: Output:The number is 2The number is 3The number is 4The number is 5The number is 6 For loop: - Loops execute a block of code a specified number of times, or while a specified condition is true. The for loop is used when you know in advance how many times the script should run. Syntax: - For(initialize;cond;inc/dec) for(initialize;code;inc/dec //code //code end forExampleThe example below defines a loop that starts with i=1. The loop will continue to run as long as i is less than, or equal to 5. i will increase by 1 each time the loop runs: Output:The number is 1The number is 2The number is 3The number is 4The number is 5Ex: -conditions.phpfor each:- for each is usefull for all non-sequence data of an array. Associative array ,numerical array object data of an arrayThe general syntax is foreach (arrayName as arr[value])) { echo arr [value]; }Another syntax is foreach (arrayname as key=>value){echo key-value (or) echo key-value;}Ex: -foreach.phpFunctions: -functions are case in-sensitive. Function once can be declare cont be re-declare in the programThe real power of PHP comes from its functions.In PHP, there are more than 700 built-in functionsTo keep the script from being executed when the page loads, you can put it into a function.A function will be executed by a call to the function.You may call a function from anywhere within a page. Give the function a name that reflects what the function does The function name can start with a letter or underscore (not a number)Syntax: - function function name (arg) { //code Return value }There are mainly 8 kinds of functions in php1. Conditional function: - a function which is enclose inside condition is considered as conditional functionEx: - conditional.php successful5xx->server issue4xx->page issue3xx->redirectiond) Response Text: - The information send from the server as text content.ajax.responseTexte) ResponseXML:- used for accessing response XMLajax.responseXMLFlow of AJAX based Application:-1. User action is performed on any of the HTML components Like button, hyperlink, selectbox, textbox etc.2. Certain JavaScript event is raised because of the above User action3. Specific user defined JavaScript function is called to handle The above raised JavaScript event.4. In the above JavaScript functiona. Logic is written to create Ajax engineb. Partial form data is gatheredc. Callback (user-defined) function is set to onreadystatechange Property of AJAX engine.d. URL is prepared along with every stringe. Connection is established (open method is called)f. Request is sent to server (send () is called)5. Request related response comes to AJAX engine as text or XML data.6. Once again callback function is called. Inside callback function a. Logic to take response received by AJAX engine using JavaScriptb. Logic is written to update certain portions of the currentwebpagesWithout reloading the entire webpage with the receiver response. JOOMLA JOOMLA is a content management system. It is a CMS tool. It is developed on php using mysql as its backend. JOOMLA is a object oriented based tool which was developed on theTop of MVC architecture. JOOMLA comes with various Predefined templates, components, modules, languages And plug-ins. JOOMLA software is available in various versions.(JOOMLA1.0.x,JOOMLA1.5.x,JOOMLA1.6.x)JOOMLA software consists of two interfaces.1. User interface (front end)2. Admin interface (Backend)1. User Interface: - Front end is the actual website Which is shown to the actual users of the website.2. Admin interface: - Backend is the interface Which is accessible for the backend users forManaging the website with various actions.User Management: - It allows the management of the Users to the website. Various types of users are observedFront end users:-registeredSpecial:-editor, publisherBackend users:-Manager, Adminstrator, Super administratorMedia Management:-It is used for managing media files in the software.Section management:-Section:-It is a top level hierarchy for content Classification. It allows the management of sections.Category management:-A category is the child category For a section used for sub classifying the content.Article Management:-It can be considered as a webpage In the site which can be classified to a category Or a sectionComponent: - A component is a functional block in the Website which can be considered as Database Interaction and can be loaded at the main (center) Portion of the website.Module:- It is a functional block which can occupy Various predefined positions in the software like top,left,right,user1,user2,...usern, footer etc. A module can be controlled for its display in One or more pages.Plug-in:-A plug-in is a logical part which will Enhance the way in which we will display the Content of the website.Template management:- A template is a predefined Interface which is used for switching the user Interfaces on the fly.Language management: - JOOMLA supports multilingual Sites where we can install language extension for Adding support with additional language.www.joomla.orgLatest version is 1.7Installation of JOOMLA:-1. Install joomla without sample data2. Add all the users for each role3. Create few categories4. Create few articles.5. Add the menu links for the articles category6. Download free JOOMLA templates and install.Switch between the templates7. Try to change logo of the template8. Install the external modules plug-ins9. Activate free loaded modules and plug-ins.Check their functionality10. create a website with few links using JOOMLA JQUERY JQuery is a JavaScript framework which is used For writing less code and doing more action JQuery is developed on top of java platform and it is used for creating rich website interface. JQuery is a fast and concise JavaScript library. That simplifies HTML document traversing, event Handling, animating and Ajax interaction for Rapid web development. JQuery is designed to Change the way that you write JavaScript.www.jquery.comSyntax:-$(selector).methodSpecial effects:-Hide ()Show ()JQueryJQuery documentsJQuery core selectorJQuery supports css page selectorTraversingCSSEffectsEventsAJAX: implements JQuery plug-insUse JQuery pop calendarWrite JQuery cursorsJQuery based tool tipsJQuery based light boxJQuery based form validationsJQuery based news agrigation using AJAX --------------------------THE END------------------------ Javascrtipt_Interview_Quesions PHP_Interview_questions Javascrtipt_Interview_Quesions1) x=4+"4"; document.write(x); Output------?a) 44 b) 8 c) 4 d) Error output Ans: a2) var qpt = "Vempower Solutions";var result = qpt.split(" ");document.write(result); a) Vempowerb) V,e,m,p,o,w,e,r, S,o,l,u,t,I,o,n,sc) Vempower Solutionsd) VempoweSolutionsAns: c3) Is it possible to nest functions in JavaScript? a) True b) FalseAns: a4) document.write(navigator.appCodeName); a) get code name of the browser of a visitor b) set code name of the browser of a visitor c) None of the above Ans: a5) Which of the following is true? a) If onKeyDown returns false, the key-press event is cancelled. b) If onKeyPress returns false, the key-down event is cancelled. c) If onKeyDown returns false, the key-up event is cancelled. d) If onKeyPress returns false, the key-up event is canceled. Ans: a6) Scripting language are a) High Level Programming language b) Assembly Level programming language c) Machine level programming language Ans: a7) function x(){var s= "Good 100%"; var pattern = /\D/g;var output= s.match(pattern);document.write(output);} a) Good % b) 1,0,0 c) G,o,o,d,% d) Error Ans: c8) var qpt="Sample String "; alert(qpt.charAt(qpt.length-1)); a) p b) e c) g d) ErrorAns: c9) Are java and javascript the same?a) NO b) YES Ans: a10) Syntax for creating a RegExp object:(a). var txt=new RegExp(pattern,attributes);(b). var txt=/pattern/attributes;Which of the above mentioned syntax will correct?a) (a) only b) (b) only c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above Ans: c11) function x(z,t){alert(x.length);}output:?a) Error b) 2 c) 1 d) 3 Ans: b12) What is mean by "this" keyword in javascript?a) It refers current object b) It referes previous object c) It is variable which contains value d) None of the above Ans: a13) In JavaScript, Window.prompt() method return true or false value ? a) False b) True c) None of above Ans: a14) Math. round(-20.51)=? a) 20 b) -21 c) 19 d) None Ans: b15) function x(){var s = "Quality 100%!{[!!";var pattern = /\w/g;var output = s.match(pattern);document.write(output);} a) %,!,{,[,!,! b) Q,u,a,l,i,t,y,1,0,0 c) Quality 100 d) Error Ans: b16) var qpt= new Array();qpt[0] = "WebDevelopment";qpt[1]="ApplicationDevelopment"qpt[2]="Testing"qpt[3] = "Vempower Solutions";document.write(qpt[0,1,2,3]);a) Error b) Vempower Solutionc) WebDevelopment d) WebDevelopmnet,ApplicationDevelopment,Testing,Vempower Solutions Ans: b17) parseFloat(9+10)=? a) 19 b) 910 c) None Ans: c18) function x(){document.write(2+5+"8");} a) 258 b) Error c) 7 d) 78 Ans: d19) In Javascript, Which of the following method is used to evaluate the regular expression?a) eval(2*(3+5)) b) evaluate(2*(3+5)) c) evalu(2*(3+5)) d) None of the aboveAns: a20) function x(){var s= "quality 100%"; var pattern = /\d/g;var output= s.match(pattern);document.write(output);} a) 100 b) 1,0,0 c) q,u,a,l,i,t,y,% d) Error Ans: b21) qpt=((45%2)==0)? "hello" : "bye";document.write(qpt); a) hello b) bye c) Error in string handling d) None of the aboveAns: b22) How do you create a new object in JavaScript?a) var obj = {}; b) var obj = Object(); c) var obj=new {}; d) None of the above Ans: a23) In Javascript, What does isNaN function do ?a) Return true if the argument is not a number. b) Return false if the argument is not a number. c) Return true if the argument is a number. d) None of the above Ans: a24) Which of the following properties hold the values of the pixels of the length of the width and height of the viewer's screen resolution?a) screen.width and screen.height b) Resolution.width and Resolution.height c) screen.pixels.width and screen.pixels.height d) ViewerScreen.width and ViewerScreen.height Ans: a25)How to assign a function to a variable with the JavaScript Function contructor ? a) var f=Function("x","y","return x+y"); b) var f=Function(x,y){ return x+y;} c) var f= new Function("x", "y", "return x + y"); Ans: b26) In JavaScript, Window.alert() is used to allow user to enter somethinga) True b) False c) None of above Ans: b27) Is Javascript has any date data type?a) Yes b) No Ans: b28) ?_name is it valid javascript identifier? a) Yes b) No Ans: a29) var qpt="V-Empower Solutions ";var result =qpt.lastIndexOf("s");document.write(result); a) -1 b) 18 c) 17 d) 19 Ans: 1830) function sum(x){function add(y){return x+y;}return add;}function callme() { result=sum(5)(5); alert(result); }If you call the function callme(), what will happen ?a) 10 b) Error in calling Function c) 5 d) None of the above Ans: a31) document.write("This is a heading");document.write("This is a paragraph.");document.write("This is another paragraph.");Can you write HTML tag inside the javascript ? a) No b) Yes c) Impossible Ans: b32) How to speicfy the color of the hypertext links with JavaScript ?a) document.linkColor="#00FF00"; b) document.LColor="#00FF00"; c) document.LinkC="#00FF00"; d) document.hyperTextLink="#00FF00": Ans: a33) ------------- converts a string to floating point numbers. a) eval b) ParseInt c) ParseFloat d) None Ans: c34) In Javascript, Which of the following method is used to find out the character at a position in a string? a) charAt() b) CharacterAt() c) CharPos() d) characAt() Ans: a35) var qpt = "V-Empower Solutions";var result =qpt.substring(7,8);document.write(result);36) What are the following looping structures are available in javascripts?a) for,forecach b) foreach,whileloop c) do-while loop,foreach d) for , while loop Ans: d37) Which of these is not a method of the Math object?a) atan() b) atan2() c) eval() d) acos() Ans: c38) var s = "9123456 or 80000?";var pattern = /\d{4}/;var output = s.match(pattern);document.write(output);a) 9123 b) 91234 c) 80000 d) None of the above Ans: a39) In javascript, RegExp Object Method test() is used to search a string and returns a) true or false b) found value c) index d) None of the above Ans: a40) What property would you use to redirect a visitor to another page? a) document.URL b) window.location.href c) .document.location.href d) link.href Ans: c41) -------------- method is used to remove focus from the specified object. a) blur() b) focus() c) None Ans: a42)Javascript is a ________ typed language. a) tightly b) loosely Ans: b43)Choose the built-in object: a) Password b) Math c) Link d) Hidden Ans: b44)Choose the object(s) associated with the onFocus event handler: a) Password b) Hidden c) Both d) Neither Ans: a45)Choose the object(s) associated with the onKeyPress event handler: a) Document b) Layer c) Both d) Neither Ans: a46)Choose the best pattern for the string: 840-21-3688 a) /\d+-\d{2,}-?\d*/ b) /\w+-\w+-\w+/ c) /\d+\d+\d+/ d) /\d+-\d?-\d+/ Ans: a47) Which would JavaScript assign to an uninitialized variable? a) NaN b) null c) undefined d) false Ans: c48)Which is not a built-in function? a) parseInt() b) exec() c) eval() d) parseFloat() Ans: b49)Seek the truth about setTimeOut(): a) The statement(s) it executes run(s) only once. b) It pauses the script in which it is called. c) clearTimeOut() won't stop its execution. d) The delay is measured in hundredths of a second. Ans: a50)How do you call a function named "myFunction"?a) call function myFunctionb) myFunction()c) call myFunction()Ans: c51) What is the correct JavaScript syntax for opening a new window called "window2" ?a)new("http://www.w3schools.com","window2")b)new.window("http://www.w3schools.com","window2")c)window.open("http://www.w3schools.com","window2")d)open.new("http://www.w3schools.com","window2")Ans: c52)How do you find the client's browser name?a)client.navNameb)browser.namec)navigator.appNameAns: c53) Semicolons are optional at the end of a JavaScript statement. a)True b)FalseAns: a54)Which of the following are capabilities of functions in JavaScript? a) Return a value b) Accept parameters and Return a value c) Accept parameters d) None of the above Ans: c55)Which popup box you use when want a value from user before open a page?a) alert("Write some text here")b) confirm("Write some text here")c) prompt("Write here some text")d) None of the aboveAns: c56)What is the correct way to write a JavaScript array?a) var txt = new Array("tim","kim","jim")b) var txt = new Array="tim","kim","jim"c) var txt = new Array:1=("tim")2=("kim")3=("jim")d) var txt = new Array(1:"tim",2:"kim",3:"jim")Ans: a57) How to submit form data with javascript?a) document.formname.submit();b) submit()c) document.submit()d)None of the aboveAns: a58) When a user views a page containing a JavaScript program, which machine actually executes the script? a) The User's machine running a Web browser b) The Web server c) A central machine deep within Netscape's corporate offices d) None of the aboveAns: a59) Which of the following is not a valid JavaScript variable name? a) 2names b) _first_and_last_names c) FirstAndLast d) None of the aboveAns:a 60) To set up the window to capture all Click events, we use which of the following statement? a) window.captureEvents(Event.CLICK);b) window.handleEvents (Event.CLICK);c) window.routeEvents(Event.CLICK );d) window.raiseEvents(Event.CLICK ); Ans: a PHP_Interview_questionsQuestion: 1 Who is the father of PHP?Answer: Rasmus Lerdorf is known as the father of PHP. Question: 2 What is the difference between $name and $$name? Answer: $name is variable where as $$name is reference variable like $name=sonia and $$name=singh so $sonia value is singh. Question: 3 How can we submit a form without a submit button? Answer: 3 Java script submit () function is used for submit form without submit buttonon click call document.formname.submit() Question : 4 In how many ways we can retrieve the data in the result set ofMySQL using PHP?Answer : 4 We can do it by 4 Ways1. mysql_fetch_row. 2. mysql_fetch_array3. mysql_fetch_object4. mysql_fetch_assocQuestion : 5 What is the difference between mysql_fetch_object andmysql_fetch_array?Answer : 5 mysql_fetch_object() is similar tomysql_fetch_array(), with one difference -an object is returned, instead of an array. Indirectly, that means thatyou can only access the data by the field names, and not by theiroffsets (numbers are illegal property names). Question : 6 What are the differences between get and post methods. Answer : 6 There are some defference between GET and POST method 1. GET Method have some limit like only 2Kb data able to send for request But in POST method unlimited data can we send 2. when we use GET method requested data show in url but Not in POST method so POST method is good for send sensetive request Question : 7 How can we extract string "pcds.co.in " from a string "http://info@pcds.co.in using regular expression of PHP?Answer : 7 preg_match("/^http:\/\/.+@(.+)$/","http://info@pcds.co.in",$matches);echo $matches[1];Question : 8 How can we create a database using PHP and MySQL?Answer : 8 We can create MySQL database with the use ofmysql_create_db("Database Name") .Question : 9 What are the differences between require and include?Answer : 9 Both include and require used to include a file but when included file not found Include send Warning where as Require send Fatal Error .Question : 10 Can we use include ("xyz.PHP") two times in a PHP page "index.PHP"?Answer : 10 Yes we can use include("xyz.php") more than one time in any page. but it create a prob when xyz.php file contain some funtions declaration then error will come for already declared function in this file else not a prob like if you want to show same content two time in page then must incude it two time not a prob.Question : 11 What are the different tables(Engine) present in MySQL, which one is default?Answer : 11 Following tables (Storage Engine) we can create.1. MyISAM(The default storage engine IN MYSQL Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have names that begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate the file type. An .frm file stores the table format. The data file has an .MYD (MYData) extension. The index file has an .MYI (MYIndex) extension. )2. InnoDB(InnoDB is a transaction-safe (ACID compliant) storage engine for MySQL that has commit, rollback, and crash-recovery capabilities to protect user data.)3. Merge4. Heap (MEMORY)(The MEMORY storage engine creates tables with contents that are stored in memory. Formerly, these were known as HEAP tables. MEMORY is the preferred term, although HEAP remains supported for backward compatibility. )5. BDB (BerkeleyDB)(Sleepycat Software has provided MySQL with the Berkeley DB transactional storage engine. This storage engine typically is called BDB for short. BDB tables may have a greater chance of surviving crashes and are also capable of COMMIT and ROLLBACK operations on transactions) 6. EXAMPLE 7. FEDERATED (It is a storage engine that accesses data in tables of remote databases rather than in local tables. )8. ARCHIVE (The ARCHIVE storage engine is used for storing large amounts of data without indexes in a very small footprint. )9. CSV (The CSV storage engine stores data in text files using comma-separated values format.)10. BLACKHOLE (The BLACKHOLE storage engine acts as a "black hole" that accepts data but throws it away and does not store it. Retrievals always return an empty result). Question : 12 What is use of header() function in php ?Answer : 12 The header() function sends a raw HTTP header to a client.We can use herder() function for redirection of pages. It is important to notice that header() must be called before any actual output is seen.Question: 13 How can I execute a PHP script using command line? Answer : 13 Just run the PHP CLI (Command Line Interface) program andprovide the PHP script file name as the command line argument. Question : 14 Suppose your Zend engine supports the mode Then how can u configure your PHP Zend engine to support mode ?Answer : 14 In php.ini file: set short_open_tag=on to make PHP support .Question : 15 Shopping cart online validation i.e. how can we configure Paypal, etc.?Answer : 15 Nothing more we have to do only redirect to the payPal url aftersubmit all information needed by paypal like amount,adresss etc.Question : 16 What is meant by nl2br()?Answer : 16 Inserts HTML line breaks (
) before all newlines in a string.Question : 17 What is htaccess? Why do we use this and Where?Answer : 17 .htaccess files are configuration files of Apache Server which providea way to make configuration changes on a per-directory basis. A file, containing one or more configuration directives, is placed in a particulardocument directory, and the directives apply to that directory, and all subdirectories thereof.Question : 18 How we get IP address of client, previous reference page etc?Answer : 18 By using $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] etc.Question : 19 What are the reasons for selecting lamp (Linux, apache, MySQL, PHP) instead of combination of other software programs, servers and perating systems?Answer : 19 All of those are open source resource. Security of Linux is veryvery more than windows. Apache is a better server that IIS both infunctionality and security. MySQL is world most popular open sourcedatabase. PHP is more faster that asp or any other scripting language.Question : 20 How can we encrypt and decrypt a data present in a MySQL table using MySQL?Answer : 20 AES_ENCRYPT () and AES_DECRYPT (). Question : 21 How can we encrypt the username and password using PHP? Answer : 21 The functions in this section perform encryption and decryption, andcompression and uncompression: encryptiondecryptionAES_ENCRYT()AES_DECRYPT()ENCODE()DECODE()DES_ENCRYPT()DES_DECRYPT()ENCRYPT()Not availableMD5()Not availableOLD_PASSWORD()Not availablePASSWORD()Not availableSHA() or SHA1()Not availableNot availableUNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH()Question : 22 What are the features and advantages of object-orientedprogramming?Answer : 22 One of the main advantages of OO programming is its ease ofmodification; objects can easily be modified and added to a system thereby reducing maintenance costs. OO programming is also considered to bebetter at modeling the real world than is procedural programming. Itallows for more complicated and flexible interactions. OO systems arealso easier for non-technical personnel to understand and easier forthem to participate in the maintenance and enhancement of a systembecause it appeals to natural human cognition patterns.For some systems, an OO approach can speed development time since manyobjects are standard across systems and can be reused. Components thatmanage dates, shipping, shopping carts, etc. can be purchased and easilymodified for a specific system.Question : 23 What are the differences between procedure-oriented languages and object-oriented language?Answer : 23 There are lot of difference between procedure language and object oriented like below1>Procedure language easy for new developer but complex to understand whole software as compare to object oriented model2>In Procedure language it is difficult to use design pattern mvc , Singleton pattern etc but in OOP you we able to develop design pattern3>IN OOP language we able to ree use code like Inheritance ,polymorphism etc but this type of thing not available in procedure language on that our Fonda use COPY and PASTE . Question : 24 What is the use of friend function?Answer : 24 Sometimes a function is best shared among a number of differentclasses. Such functions can be declared either as member functions ofone class or as global functions. In either case they can be set to befriends of other classes, by using a friend specifier in the class thatis admitting them. Such functions can use all attributes of the classwhich names them as a friend, as if they were themselves members of thatclass.A friend declaration is essentially a prototype for a member function,but instead of requiring an implementation with the name of that classattached by the double colon syntax, a global function or memberfunction of another class provides the match. Question : 25 What are the differences between public, private, protected,static, transient, final and volatile? Answer : 25 Public: Public declared items can be accessed everywhere.Protected: Protected limits access to inherited and parentclasses (and to the class that defines the item).Private: Private limits visibility only to the class that definesthe item.Static: A static variable exists only in a local function scope,but it does not lose its value when program execution leaves this scope.Final: Final keyword prevents child classes from overriding amethod by prefixing the definition with final. If the class itself isbeing defined final then it cannot be extended.transient: A transient variable is a variable that may notbe serialized. volatile: a variable that might be concurrently modified by multiplethreads should be declared volatile. Variables declared to be volatilewill not be optimized by the compiler because their value can change atany time.Question : 26 What are the different types of errors in PHP?Answer : 26 Three are three types of errors:1. Notices: These are trivial,non-critical errors that PHP encounters while executing a script forexample, accessing a variable that has not yet been defined. By default,such errors are not displayed to the user at all although, as you willsee, you can change this default behavior.2. Warnings: These are more serious errors for example, attemptingto include() a file which does not exist. By default, these errors aredisplayed to the user, but they do not result in script termination.3. Fatal errors: These are critical errors for example,instantiating an object of a non-existent class, or calling anon-existent function. These errors cause the immediate termination ofthe script, and PHP's default behavior is to display them to the userwhen they take place. Question : 27 What is the functionality of the function strstr and stristr? Answer : 27 strstr Returns part of string from the first occurrence of needle(sub string that we finding out ) to the end of string. $email= 'sonialouder@gmail.com';$domain = strstr($email, '@');echo $domain; // prints @gmail.comhere @ is the needle stristr is case-insensitive means able not able to differentiate between a and A. Question : 28 What are the differences between PHP 3 and PHP 4 and PHP 5? Answer : 28 There are lot of difference among these three version of php1.Php3 is oldest version after that php4 came and current version is php5 (php5.3) where php6 have to come 2.Difference mean oldest version have less functionality as compare to new one like php5 have all OOPs concept now where as php3 was pure procedural language constructive like C In PHP5 1. Implementation of exceptions and exception handling2. Type hinting which allows you to force the type of a specific argument3. Overloading of methods through the __call function4. Full constructors and destructors etc through a __constructor and __destructor function5. __autoload function for dynamically including certain include files depending on the class you are trying to create.6 Finality : can now use the final keyword to indicate that a method cannot be overridden by a child. You can also declare an entire class as final which prevents it from having any children at all.7 Interfaces & Abstract Classes8 Passed by Reference : 9 An __clone method if you really want to duplicate an object.Question : 29 How can we convert asp pages to PHP pages? Answer : 29 there are lots of tools available for asp to PHP conversion. you cansearch Google for that. the best one is available athttp://asp2php.naken.cc./. Question : 30 What is the functionality of the function htmlentities? Answer : 30 Convert all applicable characters to HTML entitiesThis function is identical to htmlspecialchars() in all ways, exceptwith htmlentities(), all characters which have HTML character entityequivalents are translated into these entities. Question : 31 How can we get second of the current time using date function?Answer : 31 $second = date("s");Question : 32 How can we convert the time zones using PHP? Answer : 32 By using date_default_timezone_get and date_default_timezone_set function on PHP 5.1.0 Question : 33 What is meant by urlencode and urldocode?Answer : 33 URLencode returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric charactersexcept -_. have been replaced with a percent (%) sign followed by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+) signs. It is encoded the same way that the posted data from a WWW form is encoded, that is the same way as in application/x-www-form-urlencoded media type. urldecode decodes any %##encoding in the given string.Question : 34 What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset?Answer : 34 unlink() deletes the given file from the file system.unset() makes a variable undefined.Question : 35 How can we register the variables into a session?Answer : 35 $_SESSION['name'] = "sonia";Question : 36 How can we get the properties (size, type, width, height) of an image using PHP image functions?Answer : 36 To know the Image type use exif_imagetype () functionTo know the Image size use getimagesize () functionTo know the image width use imagesx () functionTo know the image height use imagesy() function. Question : 37 How can we get the browser properties using PHP?Answer : 37 By using $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']variable. Question : 38 What is the maximum size of a file that can be uploaded using PHP and how can we change this?Answer : 38 By default the maximum size is 2MB. and we can change the followingsetup at php.ini upload_max_filesize = 2M.Question : 39 How can we increase the execution time of a PHP script? Answer : 39 by changing the following setup at php.ini max_execution_time = 30; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds.Question : 40 How can we take a backup of a MySQL table and how can we restore it. ?Answer : 40 To backup: BACKUP TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_name] TO'/path/to/backup/directory'. RESTORE TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_name] FROM '/path/to/backup/directory'mysqldump: Dumping Table Structure and DataUtility to dump a database or a collection of database for backup orfor transferring the data to another SQL server (not necessarily a MySQLserver). The dump will contain SQL statements to create the table and/orpopulate the table.Question : 41 How can we optimize or increase the speed of a MySQL selectquery?Answer : First of all instead of using select * from table1, use selectcolumn1, column2, column3.. from table1 Look for the opportunity to introduce index in the table you arequerying. Use limit keyword if you are looking for any specific number ofrows from the result set.Question : 42 How many ways can we get the value of current session id? Answer : 42 session_id() returns the session id for the current session. Question : 43 How can we destroy the session, how can we unset the variable of a session?Answer : 43 session_unregister to Unregister a global variable from the currentsession session_unset to Free all session variables.Question : 44 How can we set and destroy the cookie n php?Answer : 44 By using setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain); function we can set the cookie in php ;Set the cookies in past for destroy. like setcookie("user", "sonia", time()+3600); for set the cookie setcookie("user", "", time()-3600); for destroy or delete the cookies;Question : 45 How many ways we can pass the variable through the navigation between the pages?Answer : 45. GET/QueryString POSTQuestion : 46 What is the difference between ereg_replace() and eregi_replace()?Answer : 46 eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace() except thatthis ignores case distinction when matching alphabeticcharacters.eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace()except that this ignores case distinction when matching alphabeticcharacters.Question : 47 What are the different functions in sorting an array?Answer : 47 Sort(), arsort(),asort(), ksort(),natsort(), natcasesort(),rsort(), usort(),array_multisort(), and uksort().Question : 48 How can we know the count/number of elements of an array? Answer : 48 2 waysa) sizeof($urarray) This function is an alias of count()b) count($urarray)Question : 49 what is session_set_save_handler in PHP? Answer : 49 session_set_save_handler() sets the user-level session storage functions which are used for storing and retrieving data associated with a session. This is most useful when a storage method other than those supplied by PHP sessions is preferred. i.e. Storing the session data in a local database. Question : 50 How can I know that a variable is a number or not using aJavaScript?Answer : 50 bool is_numeric ( mixed var) Returns TRUE if var is a number or a numeric string, FALSE otherwise.or use isNaN(mixed var)The isNaN() function is used to check if a value is not a number. Question : 51 List out some tools through which we can draw E-R diagrams for mysql. Answer : 51 Case Studio Smart Draw.Question : 52 How can I retrieve values from one database server and store them in other database server using PHP?Answer : 52 we can always fetch from one database and rewrite to another. hereis a nice solution of it.$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);At this point you can only fetch records from you previous ResultSet,i.e $res1 But you cannot execute new query in $db1, even if yousupply the link as because the link was overwritten by the new db.so at this point the following script will fail.$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1); //this will failSo how to solve that? take a look below.$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd", true)mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);So mysql_connect has another optional boolean parameter whichindicates whether a link will be created or not. as we connect to the$db2 with this optional parameter set to 'true', so both link willremain live.now the following query will execute successfully.$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1);Question : 53 List out the predefined classes in PHP?Answer : 53 Directory stdClass __PHP_Incomplete_Class exception php_user_filter.Question : 54 How can I make a script that can be bi-language (supportsEnglish, German)?Answer : 54 You can maintain two separate language file for each of thelanguage. all the labels are putted in both language files as variablesand assign those variables in the PHP source. on runtime choose therequired language option. Question : 55 What are the difference between abstract class and interface?Answer : 55 Abstract class: abstract classes are the class where one or moremethods are abstract but not necessarily all method has to be abstract.Abstract methods are the methods, which are declare in its class but notdefine. The definition of those methods must be in its extending class.Interface: Interfaces are one type of class where all the methods areabstract. That means all the methods only declared but not defined. Allthe methods must be define by its implemented class.Question : 56 How can we send mail using JavaScript?Answer : 56 JavaScript does not have any networking capabilities as it isdesigned to work on client site. As a result we can not send mails usingJavaScript. But we can call the client side mail protocol mailtovia JavaScript to prompt for an email to send. this requires the clientto approve it. Question : 57 How can we repair a MySQL table?Answer : 57 The syntex for repairing a MySQL table isREPAIR TABLENAME, [TABLENAME, ], [Quick],[Extended]This command will repair the table specified if the quick is given theMySQL will do a repair of only the index tree if the extended is givenit will create index row by row.Question : 58 What are the advantages of stored procedures, triggers, indexes?Answer : 58 A stored procedure is a set of SQL commands that can be compiled and stored in the server. Once this has been done, clients don't need tokeep re-issuing the entire query but can refer to the stored procedure.This provides better overall performance because the query has to beparsed only once, and less information needs to be sent between theserver and the client. You can also raise the conceptual level by havinglibraries of functions in the server. However, stored procedures ofcourse do increase the load on the database server system, as more ofthe work is done on the server side and less on the client (application)side.Triggers will also be implemented. A trigger is effectively a type ofstored procedure, one that is invoked when a particular event occurs.For example, you can install a stored procedure that is triggered eachtime a record is deleted from a transaction table and that storedprocedure automatically deletes the corresponding customer from acustomer table when all his transactions are deleted.Indexes are used to find rows with specific column values quickly.Without an index, MySQL must begin with the first row and then readthrough the entire table to find the relevant rows. The larger thetable, the more this costs. If the table has an index for the columns inquestion, MySQL can quickly determine the position to seek to in themiddle of the data file without having to look at all the data. If atable has 1,000 rows, this is at least 100 times faster than readingsequentially. If you need to access most of the rows, it is faster toread sequentially, because this minimizes disk seeks.Question : 59 What is the maximum length of a table name, database name, and fieldname in MySQL?Answer : 59 The following table describes the maximum length for each type ofidentifier. IdentifierMaximum Length(bytes)Database64Table64Column64Index64Alias255There are some restrictions on the characters that may appear inidentifiers:Question : 60 How many values can the SET function of MySQL take? Answer : 60 MySQL set can take zero or more values but at the maximum it cantake 64 values.Question : 61 What are the other commands to know the structure of table using MySQL commands except explain command?Answer : 61 describe Table-Name;Question : 62 How many tables will create when we create table, what are they?Answer : 62 The '.frm' file stores the table definition.The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension.Question : 63 What is the purpose of the following files having extensions 1) .frm 2) .myd 3) .myi? What do these files contain?Answer : 63 In MySql, the default table type is MyISAM.Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have namesthat begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate thefile type.The '.frm' file stores the table definition.The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension.Question : 64 What is maximum size of a database in MySQL? Answer : 64 If the operating system or filesystem places a limit on the numberof files in a directory, MySQL is bound by that constraint.The efficiency of the operating system in handling large numbers of files in a directory can place a practical limit on the number of tables in a database. If the time required to open a file in the directory increases significantly as the number of files increases, databaseperformance can be adversely affected. The amount of available disk space limits the number of tables.MySQL 3.22 had a 4GB (4 gigabyte) limit on table size. With the MyISAM storage engine in MySQL 3.23, the maximum table size was increased to65536 terabytes (2567 1 bytes). With this larger allowed table size,the maximum effective table size for MySQL databases is usually determined by operating system constraints on file sizes, not by MySQL internal limits.The InnoDB storage engine maintains InnoDB tables within a tablespace that can be created from several files. This allows a table to exceed the maximum individual file size. The tablespace can include raw disk partitions, which allows extremely large tables. The maximum tablespace size is 64TB. The following table lists some examples of operating system file-sizelimits. This is only a rough guide and is not intended to be definitive.For the most up-to-date information, be sure to check the documentationspecific to your operating system.Operating System File-size. LimitLinux 2.2-Intel 32-bit 2GB (LFS: 4GB) Linux 2.4+ (using ext3 filesystem) 4TBSolaris 9/10 16TBNetWare w/NSS filesystem 8TBWin32 w/ FAT/FAT32 2GB/4GBWin32 w/ NTFS 2TB (possibly larger)MacOS X w/ HFS+ 2TB.Question : 65 Give the syntax of Grant and Revoke commands?Answer : 65 The generic syntax for grant is as following GRANT [rights] on [database/s] TO [username@hostname] IDENTIFIED BY [password] now rights can bea) All privilegesb) combination of create, drop, select, insert, update and delete etc.We can grant rights on all databse by using *.* or some specificdatabase by database.* or a specific table by database.table_nameusername@hotsname can be either username@localhost, username@hostnameand username@%where hostname is any valid hostname and % represents any name, the *.*any conditionpassword is simply the password of userThe generic syntax for revoke is as followingREVOKE [rights] on [database/s] FROM [username@hostname] now rights can be as explained abovea) All privilegesb) combination of create, drop, sel