Group “C” Members

Mohammad Ishaq

Saman Wahab

Ameena Zaman

Madeeha Sardar

Malghalara Iftikhar

Sajida Naeem

Farah Naeem

Farman Ali

Robi

TOPIC

Phylum

Arthropoda

&

Phylum Annelida

Phylum ArthropodaGreek árthron, "joint , podós "leg“

have 1,170,000 described species

include the insects, arachnids, crustaceans

The first arthropods appeared during the early

Cambrian Period. (543 to 505 million years ago)

The first land animal was a myriapod arthropod.

Phylum Arthropoda

Definition: A taxonomic group of animals

that includes spiders, crabs, insects, and

centipedes and whose bodies posess pairs

of jointed limbs and in most cases an

exoskeleton

Phylum Arthropoda

Characteristics of Arthropods

All arthropods have the following

characteristics

A hard outer body covering called

an exoskeleton.

Specialized mouth parts

Jointed legs

Phylum Arthropoda

Charactristics

Compound Eyes

Segmented body

the circulatory system an open one

The sexes nearly always separate.

1)Exoskeleton (2)joint legs(3)segmented Body

4)Compound Eyes (5)specialized mouth

Phylum Arthropoda (Charactristics)

Phylum Arthropoda

classification

class Main body

region

Pairs of legs Pairs of

antenna

wings

CRUSTACEA(crab,crayfish,barnicl)

two - cephalothorax*

and abdomen (some

with head and trunk)

five or more two absent

CHILOPODA(centipade)

two - head

and trunk

many – one

pair of legone Absent

Diplopoda

(millipade)two Two pair of leg

per body segone Absent

ARACHNIDA(spider,scorpion)

two -

cephalothorax*

and abdomen

four none absent

INSECTA(c.roach,g.hhoper)

three - head,

thorax and

abdomen

three oneusually

present

Arthropods Classification

Class Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, etc.)

2 body segments - cephalothorax and abdomen

8 legs (4 pairs)

1 pair of chelicerae (used to grasp food)

no antennae

(scorpion give a live birth exceptional case)

Class Insecta (Insects); beetles, bugs,

wasps, moths, flies, etc.

Insects possess: 3 body segments

(head,thorax,abdomen)

6 legs (3 pairs)

1 pair of antennae

Arthropods Classification Class Crustacea (crustaceans): crabs, shrimp, barnacles, spiny lobster,

etc

2 pairs of antennae

2 body segmented—(cephalothorax* and abdomen )

5 pairs of legs

Coconut crab found on land not an aquatic environment

Arthropoda Classes

Class Chilopoda (centipedes)Chilipods possess: many body segments

1 pair of legs per body segment

1 pair of antennae

1st pair of legs modified into venomous

Class Diplopoda (millipedes)

Diplopods possess:

>Many body segments

>2 pair of legs per body segment

>1 pair of antennae

phylum Arthropoda (classification)

1) crustecea (2) chilopod (3) diplopoda

3)Arachnids (4) insecta

Phylum Arthropoda

Protection

Arthropods are protected by fast movement, an exoskeleton,

pinchers, camouflage, and poison glands.

Movement

The fast movements of arthropods are the combined result of

jointed appendages, a hard skeleton, and fast acting striated

muscle.

o Digestion

Digestion is extracellular in the gut

Phylum Arthropoda

Circulation

Arthropods have an open circulatory

system. They have a dorsal heart

ExcretionCrustaceans excrete through nephridia or green

glands. Others use a network of Malpigian tubes

which collects liquid wastes in the gut.

Phylum Arthropoda

RespirationCrustaceans use gills. Insecta, chilopoda, and

diplopoda use trachea and spiricles. Arachnids

use book lungs.

Nervous System

Arthropods have a highly complex nervous system

with a brain and a ventral nerve cord. They also

have compound eyes,touch receptors,

chemoreceptors, and auditory receptors.

Phylum arthropoda

Reproduction

Most have separate sexes and

internal fertilization. Most undergo

some form of metamorphosis.

Exp.Cockroach

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Subphylum: Hexapoda

Class: Insecta

Superorder: Dictyoptera

Order: Blattodea

Cockroach

four kinds of cockroaches

Including

i) German cockroach,ii) brownbandedcockroach,iii) American cockroach, and iv)Oriental cockroach.

cockroach

Habitate

Cockroaches are nocturnal. They hide

in dark, warm areas, especially narrow

spaces where surfaces touch them on

both sides.

Cockroach Anatomy and

Physiologybrown or black insects that are usually

between half an inch and two inches long

(12-50 millimeters)

long antennae

Males usually have wings

but females often don't

usually have vestigial wings

Cockroach body

bodies have three primary regions –i) the

head,ii) the thorax and iii) the abdomen.

three pairs of jointed legs,(18 knees)

one pair of antennae (sensory organs)and

a rigid exoskeleton

HEAD

Head have eyes,antennae

brain,

Head much of their nervous system activity

takes place in nerve ganglia located throughout their bodies. This is one of the reasons why a headless roach can live for more than a week. The other is that roaches don't breathe through a nose or mouth. Instead, they draw air through spiracles, or holes in their sides. Tubes called tracheae deliver oxygen from the spiracles to organs and tissues. When a headless roach finally dies, it dies of thirst.

spiracle

Cockroach

The Thorax

attachments for three pairs of legs

two pairs of wings

prothoracic legs are closest to the head.

The middle legs are the mesothoracic

legs.

The very long metathoracic legs are the

roach's back legs,

Cockroach

The Abdomen

contains most of their internal organs,

tube-like heart moves blood to organs and

tissues.

much of the blood travels through a

network of spaces called a hemocoel.

cockroach

Biology

An adult female cockroach produces an egg capsule

A cockroach has three stages during its life cycle: egg, nymph, and adult. Adults lay eggs contained within egg cases that are dark-colored and roughly the same size and shape as a dry kidney bean. Depending on the species, an egg case contains between 16 -50 eggs. Eggs hatch into young cockroaches called nymphs. In a normal cockroach population, nymphs are more numerous than adults.

Amazing Cockroach facts

1. Cockroach can live up to nine days without its head

2. If a cockroach breaks a leg it can grow a new one

3. A cockroach can change directions up to 25 times in a second

4. Cockroaches can run up to 3km/hr (0.8 m/s)

cockroach

5. A cockroach can hold its breath

for up to 40 minutes if necessary

6. Cockroaches can survive without

food for a month and a week

without water

7. Coakroaches spend at least 75%

of their time in resting

cockroch 8. Some of the female cockroaches can mate

once and remain pregnant for the rest of lives

9. Young cockroaches only need a crack ~

0.5mm wide to crawl into the house. Adult can

squeeze into a space of 1.6mm while pregnant

female require 4.5mm of space

10. A cockroach does not have blood vessels

Prepared & Presented by

M.Ishaq Sagar