phylum chordata - duxbury.k12.ma.us · the echinoderm and chordate phyla. *hemichordate larvae are...
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The Chordates--the end of our journeyDomain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: ChordataMarine Examples:
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Also a Chordate!?!?!?
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**Three distinct characteristics define this phylum***Chordates have these 3 characteristics at some point during their life.
1. Notochord
2. Gill slits
3. Dorsal, hollow Nerve Cord
*Sometimes during the larval or embryo stage can have a post anal tail.
*All have a ventral heart
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Links between invertebrate echinoderms and chordates: Phylum Hemichordate- Acorn Worm
*Share several features related to the development of the embryos.
*The Phylum Hemichordata (which we do not discuss) appears to link the echinoderm and chordate phyla. *Hemichordate larvae are similar to some echinoderms but share some characteristics with chordates (dorsal, sometimes hollow nerve cord, gill slits).
Phylum Chordata
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Invertebrate Chordates:*Not all chordates possess a backbone. A backbone is not a major characteristic of this phylum.
"All vertebrates are chordates, but not all chordates are vertebrates"
*There are 2 subphyla of invertebrate chordates:
Subphylum Urochordate Ex. tunicates, sea squirts--1,400 species
--Most sessile as adults (docks, boats, etc.)--How do they feed?
--Planktonic larval stage (look like a tadpole) +larval stage does not feed. Locates surface to settle. +larva undergoes a “spectacular” metamorphosis.
Sea squirt.mp4
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Subphylum Cephalochordata Ex. Lancelets (Amphioxus)
--29 species
--Looks fish-like but does not have a backbone. (7 cm in length)
--Benthic. Found in soft bottoms.
--How do they feed?
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Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata
Vertebrate Characteristics:
*approx. 52,000 species
*Posses a vertebrae.Define:
--What do the vertebrae enclose and protect?
*Symmetry?
*Type of skeleton?
--What other phylum had the same type of skeleton?
*Closed Circulatory System
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*Nervous system characteristics:
* Both external fertilization and internal fertilization are seen in this Phylum.
*Both external development and internal development are seen in this Phylum.
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**The Subphylum Vertebrata has 7 classes
CLASS NAME 1. Class Agnatha
2. Class Chondricthyes
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3. Class Osteicthyes
--What is the swim bladder?
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4. Class Amphibia
5. Class Reptilia
Define Ectotherm (poikilotherm).
AKA: cold-blooded
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6. Class Aves
Define Endotherm (homeotherm)? AKA: warm-blooded
Feathers
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7. Class Mammalia